为了让孩子能够进入“优质学校”，家长“八仙过海，各显神通”，择校成为整个家庭人力、物力和各种社会关系的总动员

In order to let the child can enter"Quality school",parents"way,situation",The whole family will become human/Material and various social relations in the general mobilization

　　每周五下午4时许，等不到下班的时间，张勇（化名）便挤在中关村南一街的人群中，张望着儿子走出校门。周末晚上，等待他的，是带领四年级的儿子去附近一家培训机构上奥数班今年8月，北京市教育部门已经叫停了奥数班，但风头一过，情形依然。

Every Friday afternoon at about 4,Can't wait to the time of work,Zhang yong(alias)He squeezed in zhongguancun south street in a crowd,The son looks out of the school gate.Weekend night,Waiting for his,Is lead grade four son to a nearby training institutions on Olympic math class this year in August,The education department has called for a Olympic math class,But the thunder,Situation still.

　　急匆匆和孩子找一家菜馆扒完晚饭，张勇带着孩子挤进一个能容纳数百人的阶梯教室，四五十个孩子坐在最前面，六七十名家长坐在后排，“有些孩子甚至是双亲陪读。”张勇和众多家长一样，挥动着手里的笔，比前排的孩子更怕漏掉重点。

Hurriedly and children find a restaurant steak dinner,Zhang yong took the children packed into a can accommodate hundreds of people amphitheatre,Children sit in front of the odd change,Parents sit in the back,"Some children even parents or relatives can apply for."Zhang yong and as many parents,Waving his pen,In front of the children than more afraid of missing key.

　　距离孩子冲刺人大附中、清华附中等几所万众瞩目的名校，还有两年时间。张勇和妻子已经开始带领孩子无休止地赶场各类培训班。

Children's school of distance sprint/The secondary school attached to tsinghua university and several famous eye-catching,There are two years.Zhang yong and his wife have begun to lead the children endless visit all kinds of training.

　　“这实在不算什么，我们全家都能接受，和我们一样的家庭多的是，谁不这样，谁就失去入读牛校的机会。”张勇说，这是他们一家第二次备战名校了4年前，他们就是这样，把大儿子送入人大附中西山分校。

"It is not,We all can accept,And we are family is,Who don't,Who will lose the chance to read the cow school."Zhang yong said,This is the second time they a school for four years ago,This is how they,The eldest son into the people's congress at the school.

　　张勇倒背如流地细数着几所名校的特点，期间接电话与妻子商量周末的分工。

Zhang yong fall back such as flow to count the characteristics of a school,The phone during the weekend with his wife to the division of labor.“我们这种屌丝家庭，递不上条子，父母又不在学校的共建单位，那就只能靠占坑了。至于能不能碰上名校，尽了人事之后，就是听天命了。” "We this prick silk family,Handed the note,And parents in the school build unit,That can only rely on accounts for the pit.Whether you can meet with school,After all the personnel,Is listening to the destiny."

一个校长的名校 A principal of the school

名校在张勇这样的家长眼中，是天；名校校长在他们眼中，便如同玉皇大帝。 School in zhang yong such parents eyes,Is day;School principal in their eyes,Then as the jade emperor.人大附中校长刘彭芝便是这个角色。

National People's Congress is attached to the principal LiuPengZhi this role.

　　在与杨东平“隔空骂架”后那个周三，刘彭芝接起电话，听说要采访，就语气急促地抱怨开了：“我头顶着四十多个头衔，睡觉的时间都没有，哪还有时间接受采访？”刘彭芝说得没错，要完整叙述她的头衔，需用将近四百字。

In YangDongPing and"Telekinesis quarrel"On Wednesday after the,LiuPengZhi pick up the phone,Heard that want to interview,Is mood rapid complaining opened:"I am the top of head is worn more than forty title,There was no time to go to bed,Which still have time to accept an interview?"LiuPengZhi say right,To full description her title,Need nearly four hundred words.

　　作为校长，67岁的刘彭芝喜欢用“反革命”一词，时时在公开场合动情落泪。

As the principal,The 67 - year - old LiuPengZhi like to use"counter-revolutionary"A word,Always in the public estrus tears.

　　她骄傲地在研讨会上介绍人大附中开设13门外语，遭到多名普通中学和农村中学校长的质疑，她委屈地流泪，说：“我把学校办好还成反革命了？”

She proudly introduced at the seminar's open and foreign language school,By more than ordinary middle school students and rural middle schools long questioned,She injustice to tears,said:"I put my school do good to return into the counter-revolution?"

　　在人大附中教育实践报告会上，说起该校奥数特长遭外界批评时，刘彭芝又数度哽咽，喊出“奥数不是反革命”的口号。

In the National People's Congress attached middle school education practice report meeting,Speaking of the Olympic math skills by the criticism,LiuPengZhi and a number of SOB,shout"Olympic math is not counter-revolutionary"slogan.

　　刘彭芝早过了退休的年龄，可她仍“坚守”岗位，不忍离开。

The LiuPengZhi early retirement age,But she still"Stick to"post,Cannot bear to leave.

　　已经离开人大附中数年的前任副校长王金战将刘彭芝奉为“人格高尚的圣人”；而兄弟学校的老师则会窃窃私语地议论：“听说刘姥姥（刘彭芝）实行的是‘文革’式管理……”

National People's Congress has left school years of former vice President LiuPengZhi as WangJin fights"Respectable saint";And brother school teacher will whisper to talk about:"Heard that LiuLaoLao(LiuPengZhi)Implement is‘Cultural revolution’Type management……"

　　数学特级教师刘彭芝从1989年起任人大附中副校长，同时担任人大附中在数学实验班基础上创办的“华罗庚数学学校”校长，该校成为人大附中超常教育和素质教育的实验基地，由小学部、初中部和高中部组成，超常儿童的培养成就了刘彭芝的巨大荣耀，也助其在1997年通过“民选”，成为人大附中第九任校长。

Mathematics super teacher LiuPengZhi since 1989 as the vice President of the school of National People's Congress,At the same time as a school of National People's Congress in mathematics classes on the basis of the established"Hua luogeng mathematical school"The principal,The school of education and become a National People's Congress on quality education experimental base,The primary school/ChuZhongBu and of the school,The cultivation of the supernormal children LiuPengZhi done great glory,Also help them in 1997 through the"elected",People become attached to the ninth President.

　　2004年，“华罗庚数学学校”改名为仁华学校，它为人大附中遴选最优生提供了其他学校所没有的平台，助推人大附中晋级为北京市乃至全国首屈一指的学校，而刘彭芝也随之成为人大附中校史上的功臣。

In 2004,,"Hua luogeng mathematical school"Renamed RenHua school,It's the most healthy school selection provides other schools do not have platform,Boosting National People's Congress in Beijing and even the whole country for the school to school,And LiuPengZhi has become attached to National People's Congress in the history of hero.

　　在学生眼中，刘彭芝看起来像个不甘落后的可爱老太太。“全国百个示范校的校长来参观，操场前后左右站了乌压压一片。老刘又开始宣传我们的牛校。大致意思如下：我们学校现在建设得已经非常好了，不过我们要更好。所以我们现在打算搞那个网，弄一个网，宣传我们学校。另外，我们还要动用其他的关系。我们有很多同学家里是这方面的，都非常厉害。有北京电视台、教育电视台、中央电视台，你们就回去和你爸妈说，帮我们打打广告什么的……一百个校长底下站着……我们这个关系户大校啊！老刘可真坦诚得可以了。”

In students' eyes,LiuPengZhi look like a lovely old lady unwilling to lag behind."The national the scheme of the principal to visit,The playground around before and after the stop pressing a piece of black.Lao liu began to publicize our cow school.General meaning is as follows:Our school is now very good construction,But we want to better.So we are going to make the network,Make a net,Publicity our school.In addition,We have to use other relations.We have a lot of classmates home is this,Are very much.Beijing TV station/Education television/China central television,You will be back with your parents said,Help us play the advertising of what……One hundred the headmaster stood under……Our relative family senior colonel ah!Lao liu is the honesty."

　　“2000年，人大附中50年校庆前的一次周一升国旗仪式上，刘校长面对当时正在兴建中的食堂说：人大附中是一所面向国际的现代化中学，可是现在，我们的校园非常落后。不过，我们现在已经开始着手改造了。比如，食堂，原来的太差了，我们就给炸了，重新盖一座现代化的。校门也比较寒酸，我们马上也要炸了重新盖。等有点钱了，就把操场后面的这排平房给拆了，高中楼也太差了，咱也要炸了重新盖一个。宿舍楼我看也不行，也得炸了重新再盖座新的。咱以后还得有游泳馆、文体馆什么的，不过我现在还没想好盖哪儿呢。”

"In 2000,,National People's Congress affiliated fifty years before the anniversary of a raise the national flag ceremony on Monday,LiuJiaoChang face was built in the dining hall said:National People's Congress attached middle school is a face the international modern middle school,But now,Our campus is very backward.but,We have now started the reform.Such as,Dining room,The original is too poor,We'll fry,Reinstall the cover of a modern.School is poor,We're also going to explode to cover.Etc have some money,The playground is behind the house to the row down,High school building also is too poor,I also want to fry to cover a.Dormitory building I see also not line,Have to fry to build a new.I later also have a swimming pool/WenTiGuan what,But I haven't think good cover."

　　尽管“在场学生都笑喷了”，但刘彭芝用两年的时间，实践了她玩笑般的诺言。

although"The students are laughing the spray",But LiuPengZhi in two years,Practice her joke of promise.

　　1998年，刘彭芝接任校长后的第二年，北京市按照教育部要求，取消义务教育阶段的重点学校制度，实行初高中分离。但仅仅两年后，人大附中的初中部就得以恢复，加上原本的仁华学校超长实验班，人大附中很快异军突起。20%-40%的“北清率”（考入北大、清华比率）一直令人叹为观止。2012年有180人考上北大、清华，是一些省份总额的四五倍，这也成为“学龄家庭”争相追逐的最大驱动力。

In 1998,,LiuPengZhi take over after the second year of the principal,In accordance with the requirements of Beijing the ministry of education,Cancel the compulsory education stage of the key school system,A junior separation.But only two years later,National People's Congress in the attached ChuZhongBu is able to restore,With the original RenHua long school classes,National People's Congress affiliated stands out soon.20% - 40%"North clear rate"(Was admitted to Peking University/Tsinghua ratio)Has been amazing.About 2012 people admitted to Peking University/tsinghua,Are some provinces of the total amount of the four or five times,This has been the"School-age family"To pursue the biggest driving force.

追逐名校的家庭 After school family

　　虽然张勇的职业是做教育培训，可是第一次遇到孩子“小升初”问题时，这个家庭却陷入了前所未有的焦虑。

Although zhang yong career is to be education training,But first met the child"another"problems,The family is in an unprecedented anxiety.

　　2009年春天开始，报了巨人和学而思奥数班的儿子，同时还读着北师大二附中的“占坑班”（后文有述）。赶场上课的辛苦，在这一年的前半年逐渐被赶场考试的焦虑所取代。这一年，张勇的大儿子六年级。

In the spring of 2009 began,For the giants and learn and think Olympic math class son,Also read the Beijing normal university in the two attached"Of pit class"(Postamble have above).Visit the hard in class,In the first half of this year has been visit numerous test anxiety replaced.This year,Zhang yong eldest son grade six.

　　“必须要四处了解信息，总怕哪边考过了，就错过了。”张勇夫妇有空闲就在网上搜索北京几所名校的考试信息，顺带着跟其他家长打听情况。春节一过，张勇的手机就频频收到很多培训机构的邀请考试短信。“也很奇怪，家长的信息，好像这些培训机构都有。”

"Must understand the information around,Always afraid of which side passed the exam,missed."Zhang yong couples have free will search the web for Beijing a few school test information,Maybe with other parents make.The Spring Festival,Zhang yong's mobile phone repeatedly received many training institutions invitation test message."Are also very strange,Parents' information,As these training institutions have."

　　不知道为何而考，张勇还是带着儿子去了。“那时候，身边氛围就是大家都在赶场考试。他也没说是为什么准备考试，但是也能理解，一定是为某个学校招生的。我们也不知道这个考试意味着什么，反正觉得考一下也没坏处。”

Don't know why and exam,Zhang yong or took his son on a trip to the."At that time,The atmosphere is all around in visit numerous test.He also didn't say why preparing for the exam,But also can understand,Must be for a school enrolment.We also don't know this test means??????,Anyway, think examine doesn't hurt either."

　　考试之后的第二天，张勇就接到电话，“电话哪里打来的也不知道，只通知去北大附中面试，几月几号，带什么东西。”到了北大附中的校园内，一家子才真正知道这次考试是为北大附中而来的。

The second day after the exam,Zhang yong is receiving a phone call,"Phone call from where the also don't know,Just notice to interview the affiliated high school of Peking University,The date,Bring anything."To the north with the campus,Family really know this examination is the affiliated high school of Peking University for the.

　　几天后，又是一个电话：“你这孩子我们要了。”“就是口头通知，没有其他任何形式了。”从别的家长处，张勇妻子听说要签一份协议，还有人交了一万元定金。张勇一家没有接到这样的通知，觉得有点不放心。

After a few days,It is a phone:"You this child we asked for.""Is oral notice,No any other form."From other parents place,Zhang yong wife heard to sign an agreement,Others made ten thousand dollars deposit.Zhang yong a not received such notice,Feel a little not trust.

　　很快，他们又跟着其他家长一同参加了人大附中双安分校和西山分校的两次考试，到5月份，张勇一家早已在考场身经百战：101中学、清华附中、人大附中、北大附中……“基本上，我们算是考霸了。”

soon,And they follow with other parents took part in the National People's Congress ShuangAn attached middle school, and at the two test,To 5 months,Zhang yong an already in the examination room well:101 middle school/The secondary school attached to tsinghua university/School of National People's Congress/The affiliated high school of Peking University……"basically,We have a test the."

　　有几场面试明确要求“父母双方带着孩子一起”，问孩子问题，也问家长问题，诸如“用一句话概括孩子的优缺点”之类。在这么多的考试之后，张勇拿到了3个学校的offer，最后选择了人大附中刚刚开办的西山分校，“因为离家近。”

There are a few field interview clear requirements"Both parents take their children together",Ask children,Also asked the parents problem,Such as"In a word, the advantages and disadvantages of the child",.In so many after the exam,Zhang yong got three school offer,Finally chose the National People's Congress has just started school, xishan,"Because close to home."

张勇一家还不算追逐名校的典型代表。 Zhang yong a not chase a typical representative of the school.

　　北京市西城区的张燕（化名）是从孩子上小学一年级开始就为报考名校发力的。2012年，终于功夫不负有心人，儿子成功考上了西城区的一所名校。她将其6年的奋斗记录成一篇“万言书”。其向本刊记者讲述的6年历程大致如下：

Beijing xicheng district of zhang yan(alias)Children from primary school grade begins to enter oneself for an examination for school hair force.In 2012,,Finally everything comes to him who waits,Her son's success admitted to the xicheng district of a school.She will be the six years of struggle record into an article"All words book".Its told this reporter about 6 years course roughly as follows:

　　一年级，为孩子报了剑桥英语少儿预备班，期末通过剑桥一级考试；

A grade,For the children for the Cambridge English children prepare class,The final through the Cambridge level test;

　　二年级，继续学习剑桥英语二级，期末以满分通过。这一年带着孩子参加“云州杯”口语大赛，获得二等奖。在老师的建议下，为孩子报了奥数班；参加北京市八中坑班举办的二年级升三年级考试。

Second grade,Continue to learn Cambridge English level 2,The final with full mark through the.This year with the children to take part in"Cloud state cup"Oral English contest,Won second prize.In the teacher's suggestion,For the Olympic math class for children;To participate in the Beijing BaZhong pit at the second grade class/grade three test.

　　三年级上学期，孩子通过剑桥三级考试，随后开始学习新概念一。下学期，通过KET和BETS1考试，参加“走进美妙的数学花园”比赛，俗称“走美”杯，获得二等奖。参加八中三年级升四年级的坑班考试。

Three grade last semester,Children through the Cambridge level 3 test,Then began to learn a new concept.The next semester,Through the KET and BETS1 test,to"Into the beautiful garden of mathematics"game,Commonly known as"Go beauty"cup,Won second prize.BaZhong in grade 3 litres grade four class examination of the pit.

　　四年级，学习英语新概念二，参加学而思英语新概念二高端班选拔考试，参加PET和BETS2考试，开始做中考模拟题，先后参加了3个数学竞赛。参加八中四年级升五年级的坑班考试，成绩不错，终于加入坑班，实现“占坑”。

Grade four,To learn new concept English two,To learn new concept English but think two high-end class selection test,Participate in PET and BETS2 test,Start doing tests simulation problem,Has participated in the three mathematics competitions.To participate in BaZhong grade four liters five grade pit class test,The result is good,Finally join pit class,realize"Of pit".

　　五年级，参加数学解题能力展示读者评选活动获得三等奖。走美杯再次获得三等奖。西城区科技英语竞赛三等奖。但张燕有些失落，因为只有一等奖算特长，有机会通过特长推荐进入重点中学。

Five grade,Mathematics problem-solving ability to show the readers the selection activities obtain the third prize.Go beautiful cup again won the third prize.Xicheng district science and technology English competition third prize.But zhang yan some lost,Because only the first prize is special,Have the opportunity to through the special recommend into a key middle school.

　　这一年，孩子被评为西城区红领巾奖章获得者，参加八中五年级升六年级的坑班考试，但数学发挥不理想，分到慢班。“坑班也是分快慢班的，快班孩子上重点中学机会大。”参加十一中的五年级升六年级坑班考试，孩子获得了第二个“坑位”。

This year,The child was named xicheng district red scarf medallist,To participate in BaZhong grade five liters of grade 6 class test pit,But the math play not ideal,Assigned to an easier class."Pit class is also the KuaiManBan points,Honors the child to the key middle school big opportunity."In the eleventh grade five litres grade six pit class test,Children get the second"Pit a".

　　六年级，小升初的序幕由一个电话拉开2011年8月19日中午，学而思通知张燕带孩子20日参加北京市第十一中学考试，这个“猝不及防”的电话，让张燕从此晚上不敢关机。最终，考试以失利告终。张燕开始带孩子参加学而思杯和巨人杯，前者综合一等奖，后者综合二等奖。

Six grade,Is the prelude of another by a telephone opened on August 19, 2011 at noon,Learn and think inform zhang yan, children and to participate in the Beijing high school 11 test,this"Be caught off guard"telephone,Let zhang yan from now on in the evening not shutdown.finally,Test with a loss.Zhang yan began bringing children to learn and think cup and giant cup,The former integrated the first prize,The latter comprehensive second prize.

　　每年反复参加教育机构的杯赛，张燕是期望获得教育机构的推荐，参加名校选拔。“因为它们之间有合作，这样孩子就多了次参加重点中学选拔考试的机会。”“十一”以后，父亲为孩子做了一份简历，附上各类证书，足有40页，给首师附中、北京八中、西城实验中学各送了一份。

Every year to participate in education institutions and the cup,Zhang yan is expected to receive education institutions recommendation,Attend school selection."Because they have the cooperation between,So that the child had time to attend a key middle school selection test opportunity.""11"later,Father can do for his children a resume,Attach all kinds of certificate,Foot forty pages,To the first division affiliated/Beijing BaZhong/Wl experimental middle school each sent a.

　　2012年 1月3日，参加首都师范大学附属中学考试。5天后，北京市西城区另一所名校坑班考试，终获成功。至此，小升初告一段落，张燕的孩子“获得了第一张船票”。几个月后，孩子锦上添花，获得北京市三好学生荣誉。张燕一家6年冲名校的历程算真正结束。

On January 3, 2012,To participate in the capital normal university high school test.Five days after,Beijing xicheng district another school pit class test,Final success.So far,Over another,Zhang yan children"Won the first tickets".A few months later,The child icing on the cake,Get the merit student honor.Zhang yan a 6 years impact process of school is really over.

名校阴影下的城市 The shadow of the famous city

　　北京作为全国政治中心，有着庞大的“上层建筑”体系，以权择校和以钱择校的各种矛盾冲突在这座城市尤为剧烈。

Beijing as the national political center,Has a huge"superstructure"system,To school right and the money will be the kinds of conflicts in the city is particularly severe.

　　21世纪教育研究院去年的《北京“小升初”项目总报告》称，为了让孩子能够进入“优质学校”，家长“八仙过海，各显神通”，择校成为整个家庭人力、物力和各种社会关系的总动员。有权势的家长通过各种途径递条子、拉拢与学校的关系，普通家长则不惜抛重金带着孩子奔波在“金坑”、“银坑”之间，不惜牺牲孩子的身心健康。全家人的生活都围绕着孩子的考试、获奖、评优，耳提面命地训诫孩子，误导他们形成分数至上、名校至上的功利主义价值观。在调查中，一位技术精英不禁怀疑自己当年的选择，感叹没有一官半职，无法为子女的升学尽力。

The 21st century education research institute of last year[Beijing"another"Project general report]says,In order to let the child can enter"Quality school",parents"way,situation",The whole family will become human/Material and various social relations in the general mobilization.Powerful parents drink.examination through various channels/Hook in relationship with the school,Ordinary parents have to throw out took the children go on"Gold pit"/"Silver pit"between,Sacrificing the child's physical and mental health.The whole family lives around the child's test/winning/recommendation,Instruct with authority to lecture the child,Mislead them form score first/School of the supremacy of the utilitarian values.In the survey,A technical elite can't help doubt yourself the choice,Exclamation without an official post,Not for children to study.

　　北京家长最耳熟能详的是“占坑班”，这是名校以此突围政策规定的电脑派位，名校如人大附中，更是全然不接受电脑派位。“占坑班”是一些名校自办或与社会机构合办、面向小学生的学科培训机构，从中选拔优秀学生升入本校初中。杨东平称：“人大附中的‘华罗庚数学学校’（后更名为仁华学校）是最早举办的和最有影响的面向小学生的课外培训机构，是始作俑者。”

Beijing is the most familiar to parents"Of pit class",This is the school policy to break through the computer 1 school places allocation,Such as the National People's Congress affiliated school,Is completely don't accept computer 1 school places allocation."Of pit class"Are some school self or with social institutions joint/For elementary subject training institutions,Selection of outstanding students from our school to junior high school.YangDongPing says:"National People's Congress in the attached‘Hua luogeng mathematical school’(RenHua renamed after school)Is the earliest and the most influential held for elementary student's extracurricular training institutions,Is the."

　　1998年，“小升初”由统一考试改为“电脑派位”。一些家长不愿孩子进入弱校就读，一些名校为争优秀生源也不愿接收“电脑派位生”，于是以“奥数”培训为主的培训学校充当起替名校选拔学生的职责。各名校都有自己对口的培训学校，只有进入该校就读，才有可能将来被“点招”进入该名校，这就是“占坑”。“占坑班”已经形成服务于北京 “小升初”的庞大市场。

In 1998,,"another"The unified exam instead"Computer 1 school places allocation".Some parents do not let the child into the weak school study,Some school for good for students to receive"Computer 1 school places allocation was born",So to"aoshu"Training is training school for school as the selection of the responsibilities of the students.Each school has its own appropriate training school,Only enter the students,Can be in the future"Point for"Into this school,This is"Of pit"."Of pit class"Has been formed service in Beijing "another"Huge market.

　　21世纪教育研究院的调查结果显示，90%以上的“占坑班”家长每年所花费用在8000 元以上，多数“占坑”的学生都会选择2－3个左右的“坑”，而“坑班”费用仅是“小升初”花费中较小的一部分。为了保证在“占坑班”顺利晋级，还要参加高思、学而思、巨人为首的众多培训机构的课程，包括家长单独“攒班”（根据孩子学习需要，由家长自行聘请教师授课）。一些家庭的实际花费可达10万元甚至十几万元。尽管如此，“占坑班”的存在被认为是普通家庭子女进入名校的“公平途径”，被称为“无权力者的权利”。

The 21st century education research institute survey,More than 90% of the"Of pit class"Parents spend year by year in 8000 yuan of above,most"Of pit"Students can choose 2-3 or so"pit",and"Pit class"Cost is only"another"The small part of the cost.In order to"Of pit class"Smooth promotion,Participating in the high thinking/Learn and think/The giant led many training institutions of the course,Including parents alone"Saving class"(According to the children need to learn,The parents to hire teachers teaching).Some families of the actual cost of 100000 yuan or even several hundred thousand yuan.Even so,"Of pit class"Existence is considered to be ordinary families children into the school"Fair way",called"Without the right answer".

最具北京特色的名校招生途径是“共建生”。国家机关、大型企事业单位与重点学校通过“合作共建”，满足本部门职工子女享受“优质教育资源”的需求，是典型的“以权择校”。 The most unique characteristics of Beijing school recruit students means"Build born".State organs/Large enterprises and institutions and the key school through the"Cooperative project",Meet the department worker children enjoy"High quality education resources"demand,Is typical of"To school right".实际操作中，共建单位有的利用公共资源给名校额外投入，有的是职工自负费用，以“共建”名义统一交给学校。

practice,Build unit some use of public resources to school additional investment,Have a plenty of worker and expense,to"build"Nominal uniform to school.

最明目张胆的途径是“条子生”，是家长通过特殊社会关系，使自己的孩子获得重点学校的入学机会。 The most brazenly means"Striped born",Are parents through the special social relations,Make their children get the key school the admission opportunity.“条子生”大部分是由市、区领导直接安排，各区每年都会在几所“重点学校”给“条子生”预留名额。据对部分中学校长和家长的调查，重点学校的“条子生”一般占当年招生人数的 8%－10%左右。

"Striped born"Most of the city/The leaders of direct arrangement,Every year the district in several"The key school"to"Striped born"Reserve quota.According to the high school principal and parents to part of the investigation,The key school the"Striped born"General of the enrollment of 8% to 10%.

　　根据21世纪教育研究院的调查，在升学季节，名校校长总能收到众多条子而难以处置。有学校每年会设立一个临时机构，叫“条子办”。一般来说，每年春节前后就开始“条子生”的工作，学校会采用各种灵活手段招收这些特殊学生。如果学生本身有推优、特长生测试资格，那么就可占用这个名额；如果学生本身不具有这些资格，则占用共建名额。

According to the investigation of the 21st century education research institute,In the bound season,School principal can always receive many striped and difficult to disposal.Have a year school set up a temporary agencies,call"Striped do".Generally speaking,Before and after the Spring Festival every year began"Striped born"work,The school will be used in a variety of agile methods for these special students.If students themselves have directing/Especially immortal qualification test,It can take up the quota;If students themselves do not have the qualifications,The occupancy build quota.

如此格局下的名校招生途径，令教育部一位官员愤而直言：“北京名校的校长都是很横的，偶尔一两个出来回应社会批评，都难免有点自我膨胀。他把学校办成所谓全国最好的学校，有恃无恐。很多专家的批评都是致命的，学校花了这么多钱，到底从哪儿来的？按说，这种公立学校的财政来源应该是公开的。学校学生的家庭背景，敢不敢公开？” Such a pattern of school recruit students way,The ministry of education to be an official and the truth:"Beijing school principal is horizontal,Occasionally one or two out response to social criticism,Are hard to avoid a little ego inflation.He put the school be called the best in the country school,hide.Many experts criticism is fatal,The school has spent so much money,Exactly where you come from?ordinarily,This kind of public school financial sources should be open.School students' family background,Dare open?"

　　一位和孩子一起经历过“坑班”考试的中学老师，羡慕地说起参观新加坡教育的感受：“李显龙的儿子学习成绩不好，也只能入读二三流的中学。”

A together with the child experience"Pit class"Test of middle school teachers,Admiringly about visiting Singapore education feelings:"The son of lee hsien loong underachievement,Also can only be read into ErSanLiu of middle school."

　　这些名校招生歪招，使得1998年出台的初高中分离政策在北京形同虚设，“教育部门在2005年调查时发现，独立的初中已经很少，连教委的人都说：还独立的初中，基本上都是比较差的初中。”

The school recruit students slanting recruit,Makes 1998 on the introduction of the junior separation policy in Beijing was largely invisible,"Education department in 2005, the survey found,Independent junior high school has rarely,Even the education commission said:Also independent junior high school,Basically all is more bad of the junior high school."

　　中国教育科学研究院研究员储朝晖在谈及名校享受的优惠时说：“申请经费的时候，给的是一样的。结果总会多给一些项目补贴；招生的时候，你先招，他后招也是区别。教师分配时，像人大附中，它可以不受限制地在全国任何地方招最好的老师，招来就是一系列问题，诸如编制之类所有的问题，他都能打通，一般的学校能打通吗？所以，名校能突破的东西是很多的，严格来讲，这个是破坏教育生态的。资源分配上，掌握权力的看，这个学校这么好，我的孩子也在这，它可能不是明确的给钱，而通过政策上解决问题。”

China's education science research institute researcher from zhaohui reservoir in school of preferential said:"When apply for funds,To is the same.The results will give some project subsidies;When recruit students,You first recruit,After he called is difference.The allocation of teachers,As the National People's Congress affiliated,It may not be restricted in the whole nation any local recruit the best teacher,Is a series of problems,Such as establishment and so on all the questions,He can get through,The general school can get through?so,School can break through a lot of food,strictly,This is the destruction of ecological education.Resource allocation on,The power to see,This school is so good,My children are also in this,It may not be clear to money,And through the policy to solve the problem."

　　有专家透露，北京市财政局做事前评估，2013年总共投在教育的经费大概是270亿。这其中有一项就是支持优质教育资源。“这些钱就专门用来给人大附中、北京四中这些名校，这是很大一笔钱。为什么在倡导教育均衡的情况下，他还要拿钱去给这些好学校，主要原因是权力结构决定的。”

Experts said,Beijing municipal bureau of finance before work evaluation,A total of 2013 into the education funds is about 27 billion.Which have a high quality education resources is support."The money is dedicated to the National People's Congress to school/Beijing 4 these schools,This is a large sum of money.Why in advocate education balanced,He will take money to the school,The main reason is the power structure of the decision."

权和利侵蚀的名校 Right and the erosion of the school

　　隐秘混乱的招生途径最终带来了教育腐败。

The enrollment of chaos secret way eventually brought education corruption.

　　2011年北京市西城区检察院查办的案件中，便有诸多涉及学校招生问题的。某学校的校长和副校长，在2003年至2006年间，共收取账外共建生费用280余万元，“而这笔钱正是除了按照规定已经上缴的以外，留在‘小金库’里的钱。”

In 2011, Beijing xicheng district procuratorate investigation of the case,There is many problems in school recruit students.Some school's President and vice President,Between 2003 and 2006,Common charge concealed build born more than 280 cost ten thousand yuan,"And the money is in accordance with the relevant provisions in addition to have the outside,Stay in‘A private coffer’The money in the."

　　结果，当校长要调教委任职时，临走前仍惦记着这个“小金库”，他找到副校长商量共建费用的处理问题。提出要副校长从中拿出70万元给自己，副校长自己得70万元……两人共计贪污公款140万元。

The results,When the headmaster asked education commission when office,Before I left still thinking about this"A private coffer",He found vice President to build the cost of dealing with problems.Offered to vice President to take out 700000 dollars to yourself,Vice President you have 700000 yuan……Two people of corruption public money 1.4 million yuan.

　　教育部前文提到的这位官员对超级名校招生导致的腐败困境十分悲观，他说：“虽然政策上是不允许有择校费的，但是教育事业不能阻止人们行善的权利。捐资助学听起来多少是漂亮的词汇。哪个国家都不会不让人捐，但如果把捐款和择校联合起来，那就是变相择校……上缴财政专户后，这个钱也不是重新分配的，因为人家是给学校捐的，大部分钱是还给学校。从账目上看，地方政府应该知道收了多少择校费。另外一种，直接给家长写个条，甚至没有发票，无法统计他有多少。”

The ministry of education already mentioned the official school recruit students for the cause of corruption dilemma very pessimistic,He said:"Although the policy is not allowed to have the ZeJiaoFei,But education career can not stop the right people to do good.To donate sounds much is beautiful words.Which countries have not let people to donate,But if the donations and school together,That's school in disguised form……Finance of turn after only door,The money is not the redistribution,Because the somebody else is for his school,Most of the money came back to school.Look from the accounts,The local government should know how much ZeJiaoFei.another,Directly to the parents to write a,Not even the invoice,Unable to count how many he has."

　　名校纠葛着权力和利益，当然不是北京一地独有的现象。

The famous dispute power and interests,Of course not Beijing a unique phenomenon.

　　被认为是江苏省最好的南京外国语学校，每年“小升初”的电脑摇号全城瞩目。定额招280名学生，全凭幸运摇上号的两千多名学生被认为是有资格参加该校入学考试的。“入学考题，其实就是以英语形式出现的奥数。由该校英语老师和数学老师参加出卷。”

Is considered to be the best of nanjing foreign language school in jiangsu province,Every year"another"Computer wave number the attention.Quota for 280 students,All by lucky wave number on more than two thousand students were thought to be eligible to participate in the school entrance exams."Entrance examination questions,In fact is to English forms mathematical olympiad.The English teacher and the school math teacher in a roll."

　　事实上，实际入学的学生远不止280名，多招的数额常常要翻一两倍。初中一个年级从原来的10个班，扩充到11个班、12个班，“然后有人说不能再扩了，但其实每个班的人数还在增加，如果要分出第13个班来，还是很容易的。学校也没办法，条子生太多，只能扩。”该校老师沈宏（化名）描述。

In fact,The actual school students more than 280,The amount of the recruit more often to turn a couple of times.Junior high school a year from the original 10 class,Extended to 11 class/12 class,"Then someone said can't enlarge the,But in fact the number of each class is increasing,If you want to spare 13 class,Still very easy.The school didn't also the way,Striped born too much,Can enlarge."The school teacher ShenHong(alias)description.

　　在这12个班中，“前5个班大多数是扩招的，都是各种各样说不清楚的关系，这在考试分数上能看出来，卷子是统一的，前面几个班的成绩会低一点。”也有的扩招生是插在后面班级的。

In the 12 class,"Top five class most is the enrollment,Are all kinds of said unclear relationship,The test scores to see,Examination paper is unified,In front of the class results are a bit lower."Also some expanding enrollment is plugged into the back of the class.

　　“扩招生中有一些是教育局那边塞过来的，他们的子女肯定是优先的，还有一些大学老师的子女，因为学校高中部要大学的保送生名额啊。普通理解的择校费是10万元，如果能找强硬些的关系，也能打个八折什么的。”

"Spread some of recruit students of education is the frontier fortress come over,Their children must be priority,There are some university teacher's children,Because the school to university school unripe quota ah.General understanding of ZeJiaoFei is 100000 yuan,If you can find the relationship between the tough,Also can make a eighty percent of what."

　　普通任课老师和同学都是不知道这些扩招生有什么具体关系的。沈宏记得有个班主任时常哭诉，他班里有个山西煤老板的孩子，“成绩超差，历史考30分，历史老师心都碎了！但是小孩人很好，就是女生都不愿意跟他同桌。”

Ordinary teacher and students are all don't know these enlarge recruit students have anything specific relationship.ShenHong remember a teacher in charge often SOB,He in the class has a shanxi coal boss's children,"Result out-of-tolerance,History examination 30 points,The history teacher hearts are broken!But the child is good,Is the girl do not want to sit at the same table with him."

　　“学生填学籍卡的时候，班主任才知道小孩父母是做什么的。有的班主任会利用这种关系谋取个人私利。师道尊严也就无从说起了。”沈宏说，他曾遇到一位自称是大学校长秘书的学生家长暗示，“问我要不要去他们学校读研究生，可以不用上课，也不用交作业。其实他的小孩挺好的……”

"The students fill the student card,The teacher in charge know children parents do.Some teacher in charge will use this relationship for personal gain.The teacher's dignity will not speak of the."ShenHong said,He had met a person who claimed to be the President of the university of secretary's parents suggested,"Don't ask me to go to their school graduate school,Can there is no class,Also need not hand in your homework.In fact he child quite good……"

　　“班主任心里是有数的，哪个孩子是什么背景，大领导介绍进来的孩子，一定会跟班主任打个招呼。有的家长，逢年过节会给班主任送名牌包包，教师节，送年级组长和班主任一人一个coach包。”

"The teacher in charge for the heart is,Which child is what background,Great leadership is introduced in children,Will footman director say hello.Some parents,Holiday will give the teacher in charge to send name brand bag,Teachers' day,Send grade group leader and teacher in charge one a coach bag."

　　沈宏看着教学处主任隔一两年换新车，“一年比一年好。他是教数学的，他在外面办培训机构，拉一些和他关系好的老师一起上课。去他那里上课的小孩，最后要进我们学校也会相对容易些托他推荐下打个招呼总是有的。学校老师在外面的培训机构任教的还挺多的，尤其语数外科目。”

ShenHong look at every one or two years of teaching in a new car,"A good year.He is teaching mathematics,He's out to do training institutions,Pull some and his relationship with good teacher in class.To him there in class child,Finally into our school will also relatively easy to send him the recommendation of there is always a greeting.The school teacher in the outside training institutions teaching quite much,Especially the language of the number of subjects."

　　中国教育科学研究院研究员储朝晖对这种超级牛校导致义务教育千疮百孔现象痛心疾首：“教育就是让人懂得规则、相互尊重。但现在大量名校却发展成了唯我独尊，他们的教育理念追求的是做人上人，而正常的教育追求的是做人中人，人与人之间的平等。真正的精英价值观，不是在比赛中超过别人，而是发现自己、找到自己。”

China's education science research institute researcher from zhaohui storage for this kind of super cow school compulsory education to holes phenomenon with bitter hatred:"Education is to make people know the rules/Mutual respect.But now a lot of school but become just me,Their education concept of pursuit is comfortable,And the normal education is the pursuit of a middleman,Equality between people.The real elite values,Not in the game more than others,But found himself/Find their."

　　储朝晖认为，要解决教育均衡，需要公共权力和名校之间相互构建。这个问题不解决，查一两所学校，没什么效果。

Store from zhaohui think,To solve the education equilibrium,Need to public power and between school building.This problem is solved,Find two schools,No effect.