专科生缘何更易就业 Junior college student grades are more likely to obtain employment

　　云南省教育厅日前发布的高校2012年毕业生初次就业白皮书显示：截至9月1日，云南高校2012届毕业生中，研究生就业率为82.5%，本科生就业率为83.1%，专科生就业率为87.4%。其中，部分高职院校毕业生初次就业率更高。

Yunnan provincial department of education has released the first 2012 graduates employment white paper display:By September 1,Yunnan university graduates of 2012,Graduate employment rate is 82.5%,Undergraduate employment rate is 83.1%,Junior college student employment rate is 87.4%.the,Part of the higher vocational college graduates employment higher first.

以就业为导向：培养适用型人才 The employment as the guidance:ShiYongXing talents training

　　11月1日，由省教育厅、省大中专毕业生就业服务中心主办的云南省2013届毕业生“双向选择”洽谈会在云南国土资源职业学院阳宗海校区启动。该校宝玉石鉴定与营销、首饰设计与工艺、地质信息技术等专业的毕业生成了抢手货，还没走出校门就被预订一空。

On November 1,,By the provincial department of education/Province college graduate obtain employment service center in yunnan province by 2013 sessions of graduates"Two-way choice"Fair land and resources in yunnan yangzonghai vocational college campus start.The school gemstone testing and marketing/Jewelry design and process/Geological information technology professional graduates become hot property,Haven't come out the school gate was booked up.

　　作为我国西部地区仅有的一所以地质人才培养为主的国有公办高职院校，多年来，云南国土资源职业学院围绕国家和地方经济以及社会发展的需求，坚持以就业为导向培养适用型人才，始终以“毕业生能不能充分就业”、“就业质量好不好”来引导学院专业设置、教学改革和制度建设，不断加大以优化专业结构和人才培养模式改革为核心的教育改革，坚决停办与其他院校趋同、特色不鲜明、就业较为困难的专业，开办社会急需专业。在不断扩大办学规模注重外延发展的同时，加强内涵建设，积极探索“校企合作”、“工学结合”的高等职业教育人才培养模式，按照应用型人才培养规律和职业岗位的要求，构建专业人才培养目标、教学内容和教学模式，提升学生职业能力。2012年，学院毕业生初次就业率达到96.68%，在全省68所高校中名列前茅。

As in western region of China, the one and only so geological personnel training primarily state-owned public vocational colleges,For many years,Land and resources in yunnan province vocational colleges around the country and local economic and social development needs,Adhere to the employment as the guidance ShiYongXing talents training,Has always been to"Graduates can full employment"/"The employment quality is good"To guide college professional Settings/Teaching reform and system construction,In order to optimize the increasing professional structure and talent training mode reform is the core of the education reform,Resolutely suspension and other colleges and universities convergence/Characteristics not bright/Employment more difficult professional,Open society needs professional.In the growing scale of running school, pay attention to the development of extension at the same time,To strengthen the connotation construction,Actively explore"School-enterprise cooperation"/"Work-integrated learning"The higher vocational education personnel training mode,According to the applied talents training rules and professional post requirements,Building professional talents training target/The teaching contents and teaching mode,To improve students' professional ability.In 2012,,The first college graduates employment rate reached 96.68%,In 68 the province is one of the top universities.

　　专科生订单式的培养模式，专业技能相对比较成熟，能满足招聘单位的大量需求是吸引各类国企招收专科生的关键。“公司招聘的有研究生也有专科生，专科生是一线工人，技术性较强，我们的需求量也很大。”云南昆船第二机械有限公司招聘人崔刚为记者介绍。

Junior college student of order of the training mode,Professional skill is relatively mature,To meet the demand for a large number of units of all kinds of state-owned enterprises is to attract the key to recruit students."The company recruitment of graduate students also have junior college student,Junior college student is a line workers,Technical stronger,We demand is very big also."Yunnan the ship second machinery co., LTD. CuiGang hiring for reporter is introduced.

　　随着企业对专科生的重新青睐，一些专科生甚至有了“鱼与熊掌，不可兼得”的烦恼。在云南机电职业技术学院的双选会上，记者就见到这样一些学生，手拿多份简历，半天下来，一份都没有投出去。其实，来现场招聘的单位起薪并不低，大多月薪都在3000元到4200元，或许正是因为选择的机会多，一些人才选择了待价而沽。

Along with the enterprise to junior college student again favour,Some students even had"You cannot eat your cake,Do not have your cake and eat it"troubles.Mechanical and electronic professional technology institute in yunnan double choose meeting,Reporters will see that some of the students,Hand many resumes,Half down,A are not cast out.In fact,To recruitment unit starting salary is not low,Most of the monthly salary is in 3000 yuan to 4200 yuan,Perhaps it is just because the chance to choose more,Some people chose to wait for the highest bid.

就业期望值：一把双刃剑 Employment expectations:A double-edged sword

　　随着综合素质教育的普及，大学生整体素质的不断提高，高校毕业生对就业的期望值也一直居高不下。据网络调查显示，大学生中约有15%的人的理想起薪定位于4000元以上，仅有不足3%的人选择1500元以下，而大部分选择1500-2500元。就业期望值居高不下，大学生的预期性收入与用人单位提供的工资匹配上存在差异，成为了错失就业良机的主要原因。

With the popularity of the comprehensive quality education,College students' overall quality rise ceaselessly,On employment of college graduates have been high expectations.According to the network survey,College students in about 15% of people's ideal starting salary positioning in 4000 yuan of above,Only less than 3% of people choose 1500 yuan of the following,And most choose 1500-2500 yuan.Employment high expectations,College students' income anticipation of unit of choose and employ persons provide salary matching differences,Become the main reason for the employment opportunity missed.

　　研究生、本科生的就业期望值与社会实际需求难以有效对接，是导致他们就业率下降的一个重要原因。据调查分析，无论是精力还是经费，研究生都比本科生、专科生投入得多，因而对工作有着更高的期望。研究生希望找到薪水更高、待遇更好、工作更轻松的职位。不少研究生对3000元以下的薪资不予考虑；大多数研究生扎堆在人才资源丰富的中心城市，而不愿意去有大量需求的边远地区。不过，事实上，很多研究生并没有显示出比本科生更明显的优势。这无疑带来了研究生就业中的“高不成低不就”。

graduate/Undergraduate employment expectation and social actual demand is difficult to effective butt,In their employment rate drop is an important reason.According to the investigation and analysis,Whether energy or funds,Graduate students are better than undergraduates/Junior college student input than,So for the work has a higher expectations.Graduate students hoped to find a higher salary/Treatment better/Work more easily position.Many graduate students to 3000 yuan of the following salary will not be considered;Most graduate students gather together in the center of the human resources rich city,And don't want to have a lot of demand in rural areas.but,In fact,Many graduate students does not show more obvious advantages than undergraduates.This undoubtedly brought the graduate employment"High inadequate DiBuJiu".

　　与此相对应的是用人单位在招聘中更为务实的态度。随着社会择才由“学历型”向“能力型”转变，用人单位不再盲目地追求人才“高消费”，不再以员工中的研究生比例高来装点门面。

And the corresponding is unit of choose and employ persons in the recruitment more practical attitude.Along with the social choice by only"Degree type"to"NengLiXing"change,Unit of choose and employ persons is no longer blindly pursue talent"High consumption",No longer with the staff of student ratio high come deck appearance.

　　大多数招聘公司的负责人就认为，相对本科毕业生，专科毕业生技能方面要占有更大的优势，也更踏实，就业姿态相对比较低，能很快对岗位上手，所以开出的待遇也比较高，以此来留住一线人才。

Most of the person in charge of the recruiting company will think,Relative graduates,Specialized subject graduate skills to put a lot of advantages,And more dependable,Employment attitude is relatively low,Can quickly to post to fit in,So open treatment is high,In order to keep a line personnel.

　　从现在企业急缺的这些岗位来看，对学历要求普遍不高，更青睐有技能、有工作经验、能吃苦的人才。而现在的本科毕业生身上缺乏的恰恰是技能、经验和吃苦精神，这也造成了本科生求职比较尴尬。在用人单位眼中，有工作经验或者能干活，比学历更重要。比起本科生，专科生在实际工作中往往更踏实肯干，一些本科生仅仅是在理论上比专科生强一些，但在实际工作中的表现不见得优于专科生。

From now enterprise urgent need these post to see,Degree required to generally is not high,More favour have skills/Have working experience/Can bear hardships talent.And now the undergraduate course graduate, lacking is the skill/Experience and hardship spirit,This also caused the undergraduate students to apply for a job is embarrassed.In the eyes of unit of choose and employ persons,Have working experience or can work,More important than education.Compared to undergraduate,Junior college student in the practical work tend to be more industrious,Some undergraduates is only in theory than junior college student strong some,But in the actual work performance is better than not firstly.

　　有关专家呼吁，在新的历史条件下，大学生要转变就业观念。目前大学生就业存在“两旺两难”的现象，“两旺”是指毕业生的供方旺盛，需求方也旺盛；“两难”是指毕业生找到好的工作难，企业找到合适的人才难。因此，大学生毕业后要把自己作为一个普通的劳动者，到普通的岗位上就业，在职业选择时一定要结合社会现实，要一步一个脚印，千万不要好高骛远。大学生所学的专业，未来应该是一个工具，而不应该把它当作限定自己发展的一个框架，否则就会限制自己的发展。( 李沙青 马娟)

Experts called for,In the new historical conditions,College students should change their views on employment.At present college students' employment there"Two popular dilemma"phenomenon,"Two popular"Refers to the graduates exuberant,Home-textile exuberant also;"dilemma"Refers to the graduates find good job difficult,Enterprise find the right talent difficult.so,After graduating from college students themselves as a common laborers,To the ordinary post employment,In the professional when the choice must be combined with social reality,To one step at a time,Don't chew.College students' major,The future should be a tool,And should not take it as a limit ourselves to the development of a framework,Otherwise it will limit its development.( LiShaQing MaJuan)