“儿子豆豆成绩好，在学校很活跃，但当一位老师无意中说到‘你最终还是得回老家高考’，豆豆就开始沉默。”隔着电话，记者能感觉到作为母亲的张鑫(化名)满心的焦虑。

"Doug son well,Very active at school,But when a teacher accidentally said‘You finally back to the college entrance examination’,Doug began to silence."Through the phone,ZhangXin reporter can feel as a mother(The allotted time periods specified by the)They were filled with anxiety.

　　张鑫与丈夫都是湖南人，1998年来到上海打工，经过多年打拼站稳了脚跟，买了房子。因为一直没有取得上海户口，一家人最大的“心结”就是儿子豆豆在哪里高考。“高考的事，从儿子上初中起全家就开始发愁了。”

ZhangXin and her husband are people in hunan,In 1998 to work in Shanghai,After many years played a foothold,Bought a house.Because there has been no get registered permanent residence of Shanghai,The family's largest"Heart knot"Where is son doug college entrance examination."The university entrance exam of things,From son junior high school on the family began to worry."

　　2012年8月底，国务院办公厅要求31个省区市年底前因地制宜出台异地高考具体政策，解决符合条件的随迁子女在流入地高考的问题。11月初，黑龙江省率先推出异地高考方案，规定“合法职业和稳定住所(含租赁)”、学生“连续就读3年”等，放开了户籍限制，未提及“缴纳社会保险”等条件。

The end of August 2012,Before the end of the general office of the state council for 31 provincial adjust measures to local conditions on different specific policy in the college entrance examination,Solution to meet the requirements of SuiQian children in defined the problem of college entrance examination.In early November,Heilongjiang province take the lead in put out different college entrance examination,Provisions of the"Legal professional and stable(Of the lease)"/The students"Study 3 years in a row"And so on,Let go of the household register,Not mentioned"Pay social insurance"And other conditions.

　　截至12月27日，全国已有半数以上的省份出台或明确表示年底前将公布异地高考方案。其中，黑龙江、江西、福建、山东、安徽、重庆、河北、湖南等省市已公布了异地高考政策，江苏、湖北、云南、吉林、海南、浙江、天津、上海、广东、辽宁、陕西、广西等十几个省市教育部门则表示方案将于年底前公布。

By the end of December 27,,Across the country for more than half of the province issued or made it clear that different college entrance examination scheme will be published by the end of the year.Among them,heilongjiang/jiangxi/fujian/shandong/anhui/chongqing/hebei/Hunan province has released the foreign policy of the university entrance exam,jiangsu/hubei/yunnan/jilin/hainan/zhejiang/tianjin/Shanghai/guangdong/liaoning/shaanxi/Guangxi provinces and cities, such as education department said scheme will be released before the end of the year.

　　在我国城乡二元制框架下，1977年高考恢复以来，考生就只能在户籍所在地参加高考。一段时间以来，打破户籍限制，允许考生在就学地就近高考的呼声渐高。异地高考被舆论认为是“政府推进教育公平的一大举措”。对于于此相关的当事人来说，这也往往成为他们判断自己是不是在居住地“落脚”的标志之一。

Under the framework of urban and rural dual system in our country,Since 1977 the college entrance examination restore,Candidates have to attend the university entrance exam in census register seat.Since a long time,Break the census register restrictions,Allow students in the school near the call of the college entrance examination is high.Different college entrance examination is considered public opinion"A great measure of the government to promote education fair".For in the relevant parties,This also tend to be their judge oneself is in residence"stay"One of the marks.

　　2009年起，全国两会上有代表委员提出“异地高考”建议，2011年3月，教育部部长袁贵仁在全国两会上表示，教育部目前正在和上海、北京研究，逐步推进异地高考。

Since 2009,,The two meetings with representatives"Different college entrance examination"Suggestions,In March 2011,The ministry of education minister yuan guiren indicated in the two meetings on Wednesday,The ministry of education is currently and Shanghai/Beijing research,Step by step to promote different college entrance examination.

　　记者对近期公布异地高考方案的省市进行了逐一对照分析。黑龙江规定，考生须具有省高中学籍且高中阶段连续就读3年以上，父母在本省有合法职业和合法稳定住所(含租赁)。福建、安徽规定，凡在福建高中有三年完整学习经历的非户籍考生，都可在福建就地报名参加普通高考；山东规定，在省高中段有完整学习经历，且拥有省高中阶段学籍；江西规定外省籍务工人员随迁子女在江西省高中阶段具有一年以上学习经历并取得学籍的，可就地报名参加高考，并享受与江西省户籍考生相同的招生录取政策；重庆规定，外来务工者只需在重庆有合法稳定工作和住所，无社保纳税门槛，随迁子女需在重庆高中就读并具备三年完整学籍；河北规定学生须有省内两年以上高中学籍，同时须提供家长的《就业失业登记证》和居住证；湖南规定，随迁子女报考只须提供其父母的居住证即可。

Reporters by different college entrance examination scheme of provinces and cities in the near future one by contrast analysis is carried out.Heilongjiang provisions,Candidates must have the high school and high school for more than 3 years in the university,Parents have stable legal profession and legal residence in the province(Of the lease).fujian/Anhui provisions,In fujian complete high school three year learning experience of census register examinee,Can be in fujian in situ enrolled in common the university entrance exam;Shandong provisions,The provincial high school section has complete learning experience,And have the high school student status;Jiangxi provisions mainlanders workers SuiQian children in jiangxi province high school has more than one year learning experience and of the university,Can be enrolled in the college entrance examination on the spot,And enjoy the same as jiangxi province census register examinee admission policies;Chongqing provisions,Migrant laborers in chongqing have legitimate stable work and residence,No social security tax threshold,SuiQian children need high schools in chongqing and has complete three years;Hebei provisions students must have at least 2 years of high school in the province,Parents are required to submit at the same time[Employment unemployment registration certificate]And residence permit;Hunan provisions,SuiQian children enter oneself for an examination only provide the parents of the residence permit.

　　从上述方案看，已出台异地高考省份的共同特点是以学生的学籍为主设置门槛，这对进城务工人员子女能够在当地接受教育之后能够参加中考、高考提供了便利条件。但事实上，在经济发达、教育发达、重点高校比较集中的中心城市稳妥推行异地高考，才是真正的难题。正因此，北京、上海、广州、南京、武汉等城市的异地高考步伐才显得尤其谨慎。

Seen from the above scheme,Has introduced the common characteristic of different province college entrance examination is the student's status is given priority to set the threshold,The migrant workers children can accept education in local after can take part in the tests/The university entrance exam provides convenient conditions.But in fact,In the economic developed/Education developed/Universities are the center of the city safety implementation of different college entrance examination,Is the real problem.Is so,Beijing/Shanghai/guangzhou/nanjing/Wuhan and other cities of different steps of the university entrance exam to be especially cautious.

　　中国矿业大学大学教授，教育管理学博士生导师丁三青在接受新华网记者采访时表示，目前，“异地高考”从政府层面上已开始“破冰”，未来发展的趋势还是很乐观的。但在发展过程中难点和矛盾有很多：一是在观念上，教育公平与地方保护主义的矛盾，这是最大难点；二是制度上，根本阻力在于户籍制度。大城市外来务工人员众多，这是异地高考改革推进的关键。

China university of mining university professor,Education management doctoral tutor ding three green said in an interview with xinhua reporters,At present,,"Different college entrance examination"From the government level has begun"Break the ice",The trend of the development of the future is still very optimistic.But in the course of its development, difficulty and have a lot of contradictions:One is on the idea,Education fairness and the contradiction between the regional protectionism,This is the biggest difficulty;The second is the system,Basic resistance lies in the household registration system.In big cities many migrant workers,This is the key to other college entrance examination reform.

　　“现有户籍制度不改变，‘异地高考’即使实行了也会‘打折扣’。”丁三青说。此外，他认为具体操作层面会牵扯到社会的方方面面，不是教育部门一家能够解决得了的。目前只是政策出台，具体操作方案还没有出台。

"The existing household registration system is not changed,‘Different college entrance examination’Even if the will‘At a discount greatly’."Ding said the three green.In addition,He thinks that specific operation level will be involved in all aspects of society,Not one to solve the education department.At present only policy,Are not yet available at the concrete operation scheme.

　　2012年临近岁末，记者在北京市几所中学进行随机采访，受访的家长和学生们大多谈到异地生源在京参加高考有可能导致竞争更加激烈等问题。一位家长说，几十年来，城市的高速发展与进城务工人员分不开，他们承担了城里最脏最累的活，但由于落后的户口制度，他们的子女却不能就地参考，这本身不公正的，也不合时代发展要求。“但我们也怕有些‘高考移民’借机‘钻空子’。”一位高中老师也表示：“如何防范权力寻租、防止出现打‘擦边球’是现在讨论的一个关键点。”

Near the end of 2012,Random interview with reporters in Beijing a few middle school,Interviewed most of the parents and students when it comes to foreign students in Beijing to attend the university entrance exam is likely to lead to more competitive.A parent said,For decades,The high speed development of city and migrant workers,They undertake the most dirty tired of living in the city,Due to the backwardness of the hukou system,Their children cannot on the spot,This in itself is not fair,Also is the development of The Times."But we are afraid that some‘College entrance examination immigration’dealing‘enough’."A high school teacher also said:"How to prevent power rent-seeking/Prevent a‘outside’Is now one of the key points are discussed."

　　南京大学海外教育学院教授景凯旋认为，异地高考是必然趋势。从长远看，最终还得靠教育均衡发展来解决这个问题。“首先，政府必须加大教育投资，加大资金投入；第二，教育资源的地区配置上，应花大力气扶持一些省的高等教育，像有些省份人口非常多，却没有几个好大学，这对当地考生很不公平；第三，放开社会办学，让私立大学成为高等教育的一个重要组成部分。”

Nanjing university professor with the school of overseas education JingKaiXuan think,Different college entrance examination is an inevitable trend.In the long run,Finally still have to rely on education balanced development to solve the problem."In the first place,The government should increase the education investment,Increase the capital investment;The second,In allocation of education resources,Should take great effort to support some of the province of higher education,As some provinces population very much,But do not have a few good university,This is very unfair for local students;The third,Let go of society,Let private universities has become an important part of higher education."

　　17岁的豆豆对此深有体会。他从小跟随爸爸妈妈在上海成长、上学，如果现在转学回老家读书，班级氛围要适应，课程要适应，老家的生活习惯也要适应。老家在中部省份一个县城，在一家人看来，那里无论从师资到硬件条件都比不上上海的学校。“比如上英语课，上海的老师用IPAD、用幻灯片上课，还有外教，而在老家，就老师一个人讲，满堂灌。”

Doug have a deep impre ion of 17 years old.He grew up with mom and dad grew up in Shanghai/Go to school,If transfer back to study now,Class atmosphere in order to adapt to,Courses in order to adapt to,Their hometown and living habits will adapt.Their hometown in a central province county,It seems to the family,There no matter from teachers to the hardware conditions are better than the school in Shanghai."Such as English class,Shanghai teacher use IPAD/With a slide show in class,There is a foreign teacher,And in their hometown,The teacher a person,base."

　　有一种建议认为，可以将高考改革和推进异地高考结合起来，也就是打破按计划集中录取制度，实行高校完全自主招生。一些网友就认为，这一政策可以用于全国性重点大学，“如果这些学校实行全国统考，那么在哪里考都可以被录取，也就不存在户籍的问题。

One suggestion is that,Can college entrance examination reform and promote other college entrance examination,Is broken as planned on admission system,A completely independent enrollment in colleges and universities.Some friends will think,The policy can be used in the national key university,"If the school carry out a nation-wide,So where is the test can be accepted,Is there's no question of census register.

　　的确，与身在上海的张鑫一家相比，在哈尔滨工作的湖南人李凤娟现在踏实多了。“孩子可以在哈尔滨高考了，我们在外工作，什么苦都能吃，最大的盼头不就是孩子能考个好大学，有前途嘛。” 李凤娟告诉记者。

indeed,Compared with the ZhangXin a body in Shanghai,Hunan people who work in Harbin LiFengJuan now much more practical."Children can the university entrance exam in Harbin,We work out,What things can eat,Most of them don't that a child could test a good university,Promising!." LiFengJuan told reporters.

　　“在我们一家子心里，早把这座城市当成了自己的家，” 张鑫感慨地说，“真希望有一天异地高考不再成为一个话题，让我们可以踏踏实实地‘落脚’。”(记者 姜春媛)

"In our family,As early as the city as his home," ZhangXin regrets ground say,"I hope one day one college entrance examination will no longer be a topic,That we can builders‘stay’."(The reporter JiangChunYuan)