未出台异地高考政策省份 Not on different province college entrance examination policy

部分省份异地高考政策示意图（不含台港澳地区） Part of the province beyond the college entrance examination policy(Does not contain the Taiwan area)

13省份“敲定”异地高考方案 广东明确2016年起可异地高考 13 provinces"finalized"Different explicit guangdong college entrance examination project available since 2016, other college entrance examination

　　核心提示

Core tip

　　异地高考，堪比一场旷日持久的博弈。高教资源的不均、户籍制度的牵绊……让这项关乎众多考生的政策，迟迟难以落地。今天是教育部要求各地年底前出台异地高考政策的最后一天。昨天，备受全国关注的北京、上海异地高考方案终于揭开“面纱”，立刻在网上和线下引起热议。对社会公布异地高考方案的省份也达到了13个，其中不包括全国第一高考大省河南。

Different college entrance examination,Is a long game.Higher education resources of inequality/The household registration system……Make this about many examinee's policy,"It is difficult to be born.Today is the ministry of education requires all issued before the end of the last day of the different policy of college entrance examination.yesterday,By the attention of Beijing/Shanghai foreign college entrance examination scheme was finally opened"The veil",Online and offline soon caused by hot debate.To society by different scheme of college entrance examination have also reached 13 provinces,Not including the first big province college entrance examination henan.

　　记者 王灿 李晓敏 实习生 刘艳艳

Reporter WangCan LiXiaoMin interns LiuYanYan

1 1

[政策] 京沪同日公布随迁子女可参加高考 [policy], Beijing announced the same day SuiQian children can participate in college entrance examination

　　今年8月底，国务院办公厅转发教育部等四部委《意见》，要求年底前，31个省份要因地制宜出台各地的异地高考具体政策。截至昨天19:35，全国有北京、上海、广东、浙江、重庆、河北、黑龙江、湖南、吉林、辽宁、山东、安徽、福建13个省份公布了异地高考方案。海南、江苏、江西、天津、云南等省份的方案也已初步形成。记者昨日咨询有关部门获悉，我省异地高考方案也在抓紧制订中。

This year the end of August,4 ministries and commissions under the state council on forwarding the ministry of education, etc[opinion],Required before the end of the year,31 provinces across different the university entrance exam concrete policies to adjust measures to local conditions.As happened yesterday,The Beijing/Shanghai/guangdong/zhejiang/chongqing/hebei/heilongjiang/hunan/jilin/liaoning/shandong/anhui/13 in fujian province announced other college entrance examination.hainan/jiangsu/jiangxi/tianjin/Yunnan province plan also has been formed.The reporter learns yesterday, consulting the relevant departments,Different in our province college entrance examination program is to develop.

　　在众多省份中，北、上、广三地政策最为引人关注。

In many provinces,In the north/On the/Wide three policy most attention.

　　北京昨日公布的是过渡方案，内文显示：从2013年开始，父母在北京工作3年以上，随迁子女可在北京参加中职考试录取；2014年，父母在北京工作6年以上，随迁子女可在北京参加高职考试录取，如果父母在北京工作，而子女在北京连上3年高中，子女则可在北京借考，但需回原籍参加高考录取。

Released yesterday in Beijing is a transition plan,Text display:Starting in 2013,Parents work in Beijing more than 3 years,SuiQian children in Beijing to participate in school enrollment;In 2014,,My parents work in Beijing 6 years,SuiQian children can attend vocational college enrollment in Beijing,If your parents work in Beijing,And children in Beijing even in 3 years in high school,Children can be JieKao in Beijing,But need to be admitted to an ancestral home to attend the university entrance exam.

　　上海则是从2014年开始，实施与《上海市居住证管理办法》相衔接的方案。符合相关要求并达到一定积分的，其子女可在当地参加高中阶段学校招生考试，接受高中阶段教育（普通高中教育或中等职业教育）；其子女在上海市参加高中阶段学校招生考试并完成高中阶段完整学习经历后，可在上海参加普通高校招生考试。不符合条件的可在上海借考，回原籍参加录取。

Shanghai began in 2014,Implementation and[Measures for the administration of Shanghai residence permit]Connected to the plan.To comply with relevant requirements and reach a certain point,Their children can participate at the local high school school recruitment of students test,Accept high school education(Ordinary high school education or secondary vocational education);Their children in Shanghai to participate in the recruitment of students test high school school and finish high school after complete learning experience,In ordinary university recruitment of students test in Shanghai.Does not comply with the conditions of JieKao in Shanghai,An ancestral home for admission.

　　与其他多数省份以“学籍、社保、固定住所”等为主的条件相比，北京、上海的门槛明显要高一些。

And in most other provinces"Admitted to the university/Social security/Fixed residence"And for the sake of the condition,Beijing/The threshold of the Shanghai some higher obviously.

　　最受关注的三个省份当中，广东的口子开得相对要大一些。虽说广东也像北京一样先对异地考生放开高职招生，即从2014年起父母在广东工作三年以上，随迁子女可参加高职考试。但广东明确了从2016年起，在广东具有合法稳定职业、合法稳定住所并连续3年以上持有广东省居住证、按国家规定参加社会保险累计3年以上的进城务工人员，其随迁子女可在广东省参加中考并在父母就业所在城市具有高中阶段3年完整学籍的，能参加高考，并与广东省户籍考生同等录取。

The biggest concern of the three provinces,Guangdong cut open wants relatively larger.Though guangdong also like Beijing first to other candidates let go of higher vocational students,That parents since 2014 in guangdong for three years,SuiQian children can attend vocational college exam.But made clear since 2016, guangdong province,Legitimate stable occupation in guangdong/Stability and legal residence and continuous 3 years have residence permit in guangdong/According to the provisions of the state to participate in social insurance of migrant workers more than 3 years,The SuiQian children can participate in guangdong province mid-term exam and employment in the parents city has complete high school three years of the university,To attend the university entrance exam,And guangdong province census register examinee equally.

2 2

[现状] 河南娃依旧只能在北京借考 [situation] henan Eva still only JieKao in Beijing

　　昨天，一听说北京异地高考政策要放开，家在郑州的许大爷很是兴奋，“孙子后年参加高考，是不是可以在北京参加考试录取了？”

yesterday,A heard that Beijing foreign policy of the university entrance exam to let go,Uncle xu of home in zhengzhou is very excited,"Grandson interest to participate in college entrance examination,If we can take the exam in Beijing?"

　　许大爷的儿子媳妇在北京做小生意，5年前，他的小孙子告别爷爷奶奶去北京读初中，目前正上高二。

Make the big ye son daughter-in-law do small business in Beijing,Five years ago,His grandson to say goodbye to grandma and grandpa go to Beijing to read the junior middle school,Is currently in the middle.

　　不过，了解完政策后，许大爷的情绪一下子低落好多。

but,After understanding the policy,Make the big ye was depressed a lot.

　　因为根据政策，许大爷的孙子如果考中职高职学校，可直接在北京参加考试录取，但是如果要参加高考，政策只是允许他在北京借考，高考结束后，依然需要回到我省参加高校招生录取。

Because according to the policy,Make the big ye if exceeded other regions, the son of vocational school,Can be directly admitted to take the exam in Beijing,But if you want to attend the university entrance exam,Policy is only allowed him to JieKao in Beijing,College entrance examination after the end of,Still need to get back to take part in the enrollment of colleges and universities in our province.

　　而和许大爷有类似经历的陈大妈，最近也在焦躁的期盼中度过。

And make the big ye have similar experience ChenDaMa,Also recently spent in naturally look forward to.

　　陈大妈的孙子在上海上高中，2014年要参加高考，她不知道自己的孙子是否会有福气，和上海的孩子一起参加高考录取。

ChenDaMa son go to high school in Shanghai,To attend the university entrance exam in 2014,She doesn't know his own son if there will be a blessing,Together with Shanghai children to participate in college entrance examination admission.

　　不过，从目前上海市教委透露的信息看，前景并不是十分乐观。

but,From the current information disclosed by the Shanghai municipal education commission,Prospect is not very optimistic.

　　因为据报道，上海的随迁子女在沪中高考改革方案已经基本确定，该方案规定，持“居住证”A证的外来务工人员，其子女可以按规定在沪参加中考、高考；获“居住证”C证人员的随迁子女，按有关规定只能在沪参加全日制普通中等职业学校自主招生考试。据悉，“居住证”A证也就是国内人才引进类居住证，审核实行按要素计分制；而C证则是一般居住证，针对普通外来从业人员；对留学人员，还有人才引进类居住证B证。

Because according to the report,Shanghai SuiQian children in HuZhong college entrance examination reform has been basically determined,The scheme provided,the"Residence permit"A certificate of the migrant workers,Their children can be in accordance with the provisions in Shanghai to attend the tests/The university entrance exam;the"Residence permit"C card personnel SuiQian children,According to the relevant provisions can only be in Shanghai to attend full-time secondary vocational school recruitment of students test independently.It is reported,"Residence permit"A card that is domestic talent introduction of residence permit,Review a elements according to the scoring system;And C card is generally residence permit,In view of the common foreign employees;To study abroad,And talent introduction of residence permit card. B.

3 3

[疑问] 政策是否会激发高考移民？ [question] policy will stimulate migration for the college entrance examination?

　　据分析，异地高考主要分两类情况，一类是“就地高考”，即虽然户籍都不在A地，但子女随父母长年在A地就读，随之产生在A地高考的需求；一类是“高考移民”，即考生为了达到上大学或者上好大学的目的，利用一切可能的手段和途径，向录取分数线比较低、录取率比较高的省份流动。

According to the analysis,Two types of different college entrance examination mainly,One kind is"College entrance examination on the spot",That although household are not A land,But children with parents long in the land of A school,Resulting in A to the demand of the college entrance examination;One kind is"College entrance examination immigration",Namely the examinee in order to achieve the goal of the university or a good university,Use every possible means and ways,To admit fractional line is low/Acceptance rates higher provinces.

　　如果彻底放开异地高考，根据目前的高考招生实际情况，在异地高考政策中，受冲击最大的是“北上广”。

If completely let go beyond the college entrance examination,According to the current actual situation of the recruit students of the university entrance exam,In the foreign policy of college entrance examination,Is the greatest impact"North guang".

　　网友“小叶”则表示，目前我国各地高考招生名额分配本来就不均衡，高考录取比例相差巨大，总体而言，越是经济较发达省份的外来人口越多，推行“就读地高考”之后，会吸引更多外来人员子女在这些地方参加高考，异地高考将可能引发“高考移民”问题，两个问题混杂在一起，无疑更加难以解决。

The net friend"leaflets"It means,At present our country college entrance examination enrollment quota allocation is not balanced,College entrance examination enrollment scale is huge,In general,The more the more economy more developed provinces of the floating population,Carrying out"Studying in the college entrance examination"after,Will attract more foreign personnel children to participate in college entrance examination in all those places,Different college entrance examination will be triggered"College entrance examination immigration"The problem,Two problems mixed together,There is no doubt even more difficult to solve.

　　报道称，北京市教委相关负责人表示，之所以对学生教育年限有所规定，主要考虑本市初中和高中阶段教育均为3年，应当为接受完整的初中教育和高中教育的随迁子女提供选择在京参加升学考试机会。据介绍，随迁子女升学考试政策调整的出发点是为进城务工人员随迁子女提供升学考试服务，需要严格对家长的社保和职业的年限要求，同时也是为了防止出现“高考移民”。

Reports say,The Beijing municipal education commission officials say,The education to the student life has prescribed,Main consideration in junior and senior high school stage education for 3 years,To accept complete education in junior middle school and high school education SuiQian children provide the choice of the chance to attend the entrance exam in Beijing.According to introducing,SuiQian children entrance examination policy adjustment is the starting point of entrance examination services for SuiQian migrant workers children,Need to strictly opposite of fixed number of year of long social and professional requirement,At the same time in order to prevent"College entrance examination immigration".

　　“目前各大城市的流动人口，绝大多数没有达到规定的条件，那么这个规定也就等同一张废纸。”网友“艮砦石头”认为，根据目前这些大城市公布的异地高考方案，得不到优质教育资源的人依然还是得不到。而有资源拼爹的人，可以在高考前夕随便到北上广这样分数线普遍低的地方参加异地高考，反倒在无形中更加助长了教育的不平衡。

"The major cities of the floating population,Most do not meet the provisions of the conditions,So this regulation also is equal to a waste paper."The net friend"Gen Zhai stone"think,According to the present these cities of different college entrance examination,Get high quality education resources of the people is still not.And the person who has the resources spell dad,Can be on the eve of the university entrance exam casually to north guang such fractional line is generally low place in different college entrance examination,But in virtually more contribute to the imbalance of education.

　　广东

guangdong

　　将根据城市承载能力，于2013年、2014年、2016年为三个时间节点，分步骤分层次解决外来务工人员随迁子女在广东高考的问题，并同步要求各地市于2013年3月前出台异地中考政策，并于当年开始实施。

According to the carrying capacity of cities,In 2013,/In 2014,/In 2016 for the three time node,Step layered solve migrant workers SuiQian children in guangdong college entrance examination questions,And synchronization requirements issued by march around the city in 2013 different tests,And in the same year started.

　　北京

Beijing

　　随迁子女升学考试办法将与进城务工人员服务管理制度相挂钩，并争取在2013年出台。在办法出台之前和新办法公布后三年内，北京市将实行四项过渡措施。

SuiQian children entrance exam to and migrant workers are tied to service management system,And strive for in 2013.Before to come on stage and new measures after three years,Beijing will carry out four transition measures.

　　浙江

zhejiang

　　从2013年起，外省籍进城务工人员随迁子女凡具有在浙高中学籍、并有完整的高中阶段连续学习经历，可就地报名参加高考。

Since 2013,Mainlanders SuiQian migrant workers children who are in zhejiang university high school/And a continuous learning experience complete high school,Can be enrolled in the college entrance examination on the spot.

　　辽宁

liaoning

　　凡在辽宁高中阶段有3年学籍，并有完整学习经历的进城务工人员随迁子女，均可在辽宁报名参加高考。

In liaoning province high school three years,And a complete learning experience of SuiQian migrant workers children,Can be enrolled in liaoning in the college entrance examination.

　　吉林

jilin

　　进城务工人员在吉林省有合法职业、合法稳定住所（含租赁）并参加社会保险3年以上，其随迁子女在吉林省普通高中阶段有完整学习经历，可在吉林省报名参加高考，不受户籍限制，与吉林省考生享受同等录取政策。

Migrant workers in jilin province have legitimate career/Stability and legal residence(Of the lease)More than 3 years and participate in social insurance,Their SuiQian children in jilin province ordinary high school a complete learning experience,Can be enrolled in the university entrance exam in jilin province,Not be restricted by the household registration,And jilin province examinee admitted to enjoy the same policy.

　　上海

Shanghai

　　将于2014年实施与《上海市居住证管理办法》相衔接的进城务工人员随迁子女接受义务教育后在沪升学考试的具体方案，届时符合相关条件的随迁子女可以在沪参加相应义务教育后升学考试。

The implementation and in 2014[Measures for the administration of Shanghai residence permit]Connected to the migrant workers SuiQian children accept compulsory education in Shanghai after entrance examination of the specific scheme,When qualified SuiQian children can attend in Shanghai corresponding obligation education after the entrance exam.

　　4

4

[观点] 根本出路是改革高考 [view] fundamental way out is to reform the university entrance exam

　　在我国著名教育学者熊丙奇看来，在目前的高考制度下，异地高考方案没有出路，因为考虑到本地户籍人口和外来人员的高考利益平衡，以及本地的教育资源承载力和城市的容量，北京、上海这些优质高校资源最集中的地区，完全可能设置很高的开放门槛。

Education is a famous scholar in China XiongBingJi looks like,In the present college entrance examination system,Different college entrance examination plan no way out,For considering the university entrance exam this locality census register population and foreign staff benefit balance,As well as the local education resources bearing capacity and the capacity of the city,Beijing/Shanghai these high quality resources of colleges and universities is the most centralized area,Could set up a high threshold of opening to the outside world.

　　“问题要得到彻底解决，必须推进高考改革。”熊丙奇在他博客上表示，全国重点大学，可实行“统一测试+自主招生”；高职高专，实行“注册入学，申请入学”。这样一来，异地高考这一问题，将在全国范围内得到妥善解决，根本不用各地出台具体的方案。所以，督促教育部出台高考改革方案，比督促各地出台异地高考方案，更有价值，更有利于解决实际问题。

"To be completely solve problem,To promote the reform of college entrance examination."XiongBingJi said in his blog,National key university,Can be a"Unified test + autonomous enrolment";Higher vocational colleges,implement"registered,Apply for admission".In this way,Other university entrance exam this problem,To properly solve the throughout the country,No country on specific solutions.so,Supervise and urge the ministry of education issued the university entrance exam reform plan,Than to come across different college entrance examination,More valuable,More conducive to solve practical problems.

　　河南大学社会学研究所所长马进举教授近期一直在关注异地高考问题，昨天，在接受大河报记者采访时，他则从社会学角度剖析了这一问题。

Henan university of institute of sociology professor MaJin for recent has been concern different college entrance examination,yesterday,In an interview with the river news reporter,He analyzes this problem from the Angle of sociology.

　　他说，法国社会学家布迪厄曾有一个观点：教育系统承担着社会结构再生产功能，貌似平等的教育系统其实在生产着不平等。这一理论同样适合中国，“其实从孩子进入幼儿园，就已经显现出了不一样，比如有钱的人可上好的幼儿园，贫困的人则只能上普通幼儿园。”

He said,French sociologist bourdieu who have a view:Education system for the social structure reproduction function,Seems the equality of education system in the inequality in production.This theory also suitable for China,"Actually from children to the kindergarten,Had appeared out of the different,Such as rich man can be a good kindergarten,Poor people can only be ordinary kindergarten."

　　在马进举看来，异地高考改革政策最终的方向是想破除不平等，但这是一个痛苦的过程，在改革初期，必定有人得有人失，这会增加改革的难度，而在利益争夺比较剧烈的情况下，相关部门会采取一些妥协办法，比如，目前的异地高考政策设置了很多条件限制等等。

It seems to MaJin heave,Different college entrance examination in the direction of the reform policies is to break inequality,But this is a painful process,Early in the reform,Someone to someone,This will increase the difficulty of the reform,In the interest for more severe cases,Relevant departments will take some compromise,Such as,The different policy of college entrance examination set a lot of conditions, and so on.

　　不过，马进举认为，虽然改革初期很艰难或者说进展不大，但这至少是一个信号，我们应该把改革看成是一个过程，过程的最后会是一个好结果。

but,MaJin for that,Although at the beginning of the reform is very difficult or progress is not big,But this is at least one signal,We should take the reform as a process,At the end of the process will be a good result.

　　延伸阅读： readings:

　　贵州严查“高考移民”伪造户籍学籍取消资格 Guizhou attracted"College entrance examination immigration"Counterfeit registered permanent residence status disqualified

　　京沪粤成异地高考矛盾集中地 或现新生高考移民 Shanghai yue into different college entrance examination contradiction or new migration for the college entrance examination

　　重庆率先实施异地高考 严格学籍管理防高考移民 Chongqing takes the lead in the implementation of the different college entrance examination strict management and migration for the college entrance examination

　　特别策划： Special planning:

　　异地高考和高考移民不是一回事 Different college entrance examination and migration for the college entrance examination is not the same thing

　　异地高考，现在是随迁子女就地高考的通用简称，与几年前曾疯狂到极致的“高考移民”完全是两个概念。异地高考，是人口迁移后的就地高考需要，是推动教育公平的重要一步；高考移民，是为了高考低分录取而进行的跨省“移民”，是偷钻政策空子的“怪胎”，对教育公平来说是一种破坏因素……【

Different college entrance examination,Now is referred to as SuiQian children's college entrance examination on the spot,And a few years ago have crazy to acme"College entrance examination immigration"Completely are two concepts.Different college entrance examination,Is after the migration of the college entrance examination on the spot,An important step is to promote the education fair;College entrance examination immigration,Who is for the college entrance examination admission of across the province"immigration",Is steal policy shenanigans"A freak",The education fair is a damage factor……[详细 detailed】

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