罗崇敏： LuoChongMin:谢谢，各位网友好。

thank you,Your friendly and.

搜狐教育主持人： Sohu education host:今天因为主题是向教育提问，想问一下您对教育疑惑是什么？

Because today is the theme to education question,Want to ask you to education doubt is what?

罗崇敏（国家督学，云南省人民政府参事，原云南省教育厅厅长）： LuoChongMin(National school inspector,People's government of yunnan province to attach,The original of yunnan provincial department director):我最关注的教育话题是教育公平问题，教育质量问题，和教育改革问题。这样说可能很宏观，但是具体讲首先是教育的公平问题，教育的公平最核心的是教育规则公平，我们制定的教育政策、教育法律法规必须要对每个中国公民赋予他公平的权利。

My greatest concern education topic is education fairness,Education quality problem,And education reform.That may be very macro,But the specific speak first is education fair question,Education fair is the core of education fair regulation,We have formulated the education policy/Education laws and regulations must be to every Chinese citizen gives him the right to fair.

　　比如说义务教育阶段要使每一个适龄孩子都有公平的上学机会，比如说高考要使每一个适龄青年能够有公平的考试的机会。这是教育公平的问题。

Such as compulsory education stage to make each school-age children have a fair chance to go to school,Such as the university entrance exam to make each school-age youth can have a fair chance to test.This is the problem of education fairness.

　　第二是教育质量问题，教育质量最核心的问题，是学生自由全面发展和目标的实现。也就是说要使我们学生真正的德智体美全面发展，但是现在我们的教育质量目标和我们所采取的教育手段办法是相矛盾的。比如说我们培养的是德智体美全面发展高素质人才和合格的公民，但是我们在学习内容的选择，还有教育的评价，与这个目标是相对立的。我们用一张试卷，一次考试来代替了对学生学习的质量，学校管理质量，教师的素质进行评价，这个显然是错误的。特别是现在我们的学生，一天背两经攻一术，背教材经，背教辅经，专攻考试之术，这样的学习内容和我们要求的德智体美全面发展的目标是相对立的，所以我们必须要改革我们的评价方法，要改革我们的教学内容。

The second is the education quality problem,The core of quality education,Is the student free and overall development and the realization of the goal.It means that we students really comprehensive development of virtue, wisdom, body, beauty,But now our education quality objectives and what we take education means way is conflicting.For example we cultivate virtue, wisdom, body, beauty is the comprehensive development of high-quality personnel and qualified citizen,But we are learning content choice,And education evaluation,And the goal is relatively set up.We use a piece of paper,A test instead of the students' learning quality,The quality of school management,To evaluate the quality of teachers,This is obviously wrong.Especially now our students,One day two back by tapping a technique,Back the teaching material,Back by revising the,Specialize in test of arts,Such study content and we require virtue, wisdom, body, beauty of all-round development goal is relatively set up,So we must reform our evaluation method,To reform our teaching content.

　　要改革我们的教学方法，特别是要全面的加强各类学校的民主管理、科学管理，依法管理。提高我们的管理水平，提高我们的管理质量，这样来提高我们整个教育的质量，包括学前教育、义务教育、高中阶段教育、职业教育、高等教育、终身教育、特殊教育、民族教育的质量都要提高。教育质量的提高是一个过程，更是一个系统，也是一个目标。也就是说教育质量的提高环环都要抓，每个学习阶段都要去抓。

To reform our teaching methods,Especially to overall strengthening of the democratic management of the school/Scientific management,Management according to the laws of the.Improve our management level,To improve our management quality,So that to improve the quality of our whole education,Pre-school education/Compulsory education/High school education/Vocational education/Higher education/Lifelong education/Special education/National education quality will improve.The improvement of the quality of education is a process,It is a system,Is also a target.The improvement of the quality of education is to say all this to catch,Each learning stage are going to catch.

　　另外一定要从幼儿园到大学系统地来抓，这样才可能提高我们的教育质量，才可能培养合格的公民，培养基础的人才。当然我更关注教育改革问题，我始终坚信惟有制度可以兴国，惟有体制可以兴教，惟有机制可以兴校。也就是说我们中华民族的复兴，中国教育的振兴，必须要制度、体制和机制作为根本保障，正因为这样，我们要全面的深化教育制度改革。那么深化教育制度改革，最核心三个体制：

In addition must from kindergarten to college system to grasp,So to improve our education quality,Can only cultivate qualified citizens,The basis of training talents.Of course I pay more attention to education reform,I always believe that only the system can,But the system can xingjiao,But the mechanism can xing school.That is our Chinese nation revival,The revitalization of China's education,Must system/As a fundamental guarantee system and mechanism,Because of this,We will deepen reform of the system of comprehensive education.So deepening education reform,The most core three system:

　　第一是办学体制改革，大力发展民办教育，改善教育所有制结构，我主张把现在非义务教育的学校拿出三分之一来改为民办学校，改为私立学校。特别是大学，像北京大学，清华大学，你可以改为非国有，非公立学校，有什么不可以改的。

The first is the system reform,Vigorously develop the private education,Improve education ownership structure,I argue that it is not compulsory education school took third part way to private school,To private schools.Especially the university,As Beijing university,Tsinghua university,You can change it to a non-state-owned,Non public schools,What can't change.

　　第二要改革教育管理体制，要改变现在政策大包大揽的管理理念和管理机制，政府管教育第一管方向，第二管规划，第三依靠中介组织管评价，第四管拨款，其他都不要管。要赋予学校充分的自主办学的权力，当然这个办学是依法办学，特别是大学，他是办学的主体，要名副其实赋予他人事权、分配权，资金筹集权，招生权，还有科研权，这些权力都要赋予大学。要使大学真正成为一个独立的依法办学主体。使大学全面的履行他学校的微观管理职责，使教育部门履行中观管理职责，使各级政府充分履行宏观管理的教育职责。这是第二个方面的改革。

The second to reform education management system,To change the policy now take on all things management concept and management mechanism,The government tube education first tube direction,The second tube planning,The third rely on intermediary organizations tube evaluation,The fourth pipe appropriation,Other don't tube.Given the schools run independently power,Of course, this school is running according to law,Especially the university,He is the subject of education,To be worthy of the powers to others/division,Fund raise right,Recruit students right,And scientific research power,The power will be assigned to a university.To really make the university became an independent school in accordance with the subject.To make the university comprehensive performance of his school micro management responsibilities,Make education department to perform medium management duties,Governments at all levels to fulfill the macro management education responsibility.This is the second reform.

　　第三要深化教育评价制度改革，因为教育评价是对教育方向的一种指引，是对教育的一个方向。要改变教育评价体制，要像美国那样实行学校认证制度，评价一个学校办学，评价一个学生的成绩，他的素质要综合评价。不能像现在一张试卷，一次考试评价学生。如果能以考上所谓名校及格线的学生评价这样完全是一种误导。要通过中介组织，有权威的，依法赋予有权威的中介组织来对学校办学进行评价。学校办学价值观，办学思路，办学的方法，办学的条件，特别是个性化学生培养，创造性学生培养，学生品行的测评，家长对学生的评价，社会对学生的评价，老师对教育的忠诚感，校长对履行学校管理职责的全面进行评价，通过这样的评价来确定这个学校是属于哪个层次质量的学校，用质量的方式来使我们的家长和学生决定选择什么样的学校。这个学生到这个学校里面，他完成他的学业，他一定是整体素质得到提高，个性化得到发展，创造力得到提升。这样三个方面的改革。

The third to deepen the reform of the education evaluation system,Because education assessment is to education in the direction of a guide,Education is one of the directions.To change the education evaluation system,Like the United States that a school the authentication system,Evaluation of a school,Evaluate a student's result,His qualities to comprehensive evaluation.Not like now a piece of paper,A test to evaluate the students'.If can enter the school maths students evaluation that is an entirely misleading.To pass intermediary organizations,authoritative,To have authority in accordance with the intermediary organizations to evaluate school.School values,Managerial train of thought,Education method,Running conditions,Especially the individual students,Creative students,Students conduct evaluation,Parents of students' evaluation,Social to student's evaluation,The teacher education to the loyalty,The principal on the performance of the school management duties of comprehensive evaluation,Through such evaluation to determine the school belongs to which level quality school,Use quality way to make our parents and students decided to choose what kind of school.The student to the school inside,He completed his studies,He must be the overall quality improved,The development of individuation,Get creative.Such three aspects of reform.

　　那么现在我具体讲最关注的具体的有那么几个，一个高考制度的改革，第二区域性的义务教育均衡发展，第三教育评价认证体制的健全。

So now I specific tell the most concern specific there are so few,A college entrance examination system reform,The second regional obligation education balanced development,The third education evaluation the authentication system sound.

搜狐教育主持人： Sohu education host:像您刚才说的评价体系改革，我看您之前说过建议取消全国的高考，但是也也很多人认为目前来说高考是最公平的选拔的评价手段，如果用评价体系会不会在这个过程中可能在实际操作，或者落实过程中产生一些新的不公。

As you said just now evaluation system reform,I see you said before to be the national college entrance examination,But also a lot of people think that at present, the college entrance examination is the most fair selection evaluation method,If you use evaluation system will in the process may be in the actual operation,Or implement process produce some new injustice.

罗崇敏（国家督学，云南省人民政府参事，原云南省教育厅厅长）： LuoChongMin(National school inspector,People's government of yunnan province to attach,The original of yunnan provincial department director):不肯定我们高考评价手段跟我们的教育发展带来的积极作用，是没有良心的，但是没有认识到高考对我们教育的发展的阻碍也是没有良知的。高考表面上看是公平的，把复杂的教育过程，教育结果，教育行为通过一次高考，一个分数把它评价了，很简单。

Not sure we college entrance examination evaluation means with our education development to bring the positive role,There is no conscience,But don't realize the university entrance exam to our education development obstacle is no conscience.College entrance examination on the surface is fair,The complex education process,Education results,Education behavior through a college entrance examination,A score for the evaluation,Very simple.

　　表面上看来很公平，其实深入一考察是绝对不公平的，不公平表现在三个方面。第一，这个事情一次考试，就把一个孩子16年的学习给评价了。公平吗？不公平。第二个，靠一个分数来评价每一个孩子的特点、能力、素质，公平吗？不公平。第三，现在的高考只有利于城市孩子，不利于农村孩子。表面上看大家好象平等的高考一个分数，但是现在应试教育的资源集中在城市。有几个现在实实在在的县以下的农村的孩子考上北大、清华，几乎没有。起码是在县以上的高中，最差是在县以上高中。偶尔会有一个两个，肯定是省城最多，北京最多，省城第二，州市的高中。

On the surface looks very fair,In fact, deep into the investigation is absolutely not fair,Not fair shown in three aspects.The first,The things a test,Put a child 16 years of study to evaluate the.Fair??Not fair.The second,By a fraction to evaluate the characteristics of every child/ability/quality,Fair??Not fair.The third,Now the university entrance exam only for the city children,Against children in the countryside.On the surface you seems to equal the university entrance exam a score,But now takes an exam the education resources have to be focused in the city.There are several truly, truly, now under the county rural children admitted to Peking University/tsinghua,Almost no.At least is at or above the county level in high school,The worst is at or above the county level in high school.Occasionally there will be a two,Must be the most provincial capital,Beijing most,Provincial capital second,By high school.

　　改了以后是不是就公平了？公平是相对的，不是绝对的。公平是有法制范围内的公平，我们通过立法来进行高考的变革，比如我们考试法，考试法明确规定全国的高考成绩作为录取学生的依据之一，不是全部。作为评价那个省，那个学校的这个质量之一，不是全部。第二，把学生三年高中阶段的成绩进行认证，所谓认证就是确定它的真实性，作为录取的依据之二。第三把他参与社会实践，他的道德、品质，他的实践行为，作为录取的依据之三。凭这三个条件录取学生，那么录取学生肯定有做假的，有做假的必然要有制度来打假。有什么不可以的？人家民国时候就是这样做的，怕什么呢？你制度设计要公平啊。最后一点由学校依法按公平的规则录取学生，考试是一个方面，录取自主权就是放在大学。

After the change is fair?Justice is relative,Is not absolute.Justice is a legal system within the scope of the fair,We passed legislation to change the college entrance examination,Such as we test method,Test method specified in the national college entrance examination scores as one of the bases for admitted students,Not all.As evaluation the province,The school one of the quality,Not all.The second,The student three years high school grades for the authentication,The so-called the authentication is to make sure that it is true,As the basis of admitted to the second.The third put him to participate in social practice,His moral/quality,His practice,As the basis of admitted to the third.By these three conditions to admit a student,So admit a student must have do false,A false must have system to crack down on counterfeit goods.What can't?The republic of somebody else is doing,Afraid of what?Your system design to fair ah.Finally according to law by the school according to the rules of fair admitted students,The exam is an aspect,Autonomy is admitted in the university.

　　在考试法，招考法明确规定大学录取的权利和应尽的义务，如果违反了这个法律，不管你是校长，还有参加录取的教授依法惩处，为什么不可以做？大家知道这个问题，各个在那谈问题，但就不采取办法。各个在那忽悠百姓，好象表面上都在讲，都是为了人民，都是办人民的教育。但实际上人民的教育和公平也没有得到保护。我们要反思，当然在反思还是两句话，否定我们的教育的成果是没有良心的，但看到教育存在的问题是没有良知的。既要看到机遇，看到发展，也要看到危机，看到困难。

In the test method,Recruitment method specified college admissions rights and duties,If the violation of the law,No matter you are the headmaster,Have to admit professor punish according to law,Why not to do?As we all know the problem,All that talk about the problem,But will not take measures.All the people in the flicker,On the surface seems to speak,All is for the people,Is to do the people's education.But the fact is that the people's education and fair also are not protected.We need to reflect on,Of course in the reflection or two words,Negative our education achievement is no conscience,But see education problems is no conscience.Should see opportunity,See the development,Also want to see the crisis,See the difficulty.

搜狐教育主持人： Sohu education host:聊过这么深刻的改革话题，想问一个轻松一点的话题，我听说您现在在学英语，是吗？

Talked so profound reform topics,Want to ask a relaxing topic,I heard that you are studying English,Is it?

罗崇敏（国家督学，云南省人民政府参事，原云南省教育厅厅长）： LuoChongMin(National school inspector,People's government of yunnan province to attach,The original of yunnan provincial department director):是。

is.

搜狐教育主持人： Sohu education host:这个是为什么？

This is why?

罗崇敏（国家督学，云南省人民政府参事，原云南省教育厅厅长）： LuoChongMin(National school inspector,People's government of yunnan province to attach,The original of yunnan provincial department director):非常遗憾，因为我原来成不了世界公民，我今后努力成为世界公民，我不可能对英语的学习有很高的期望值，但是我还是通过英语的学习来陶冶一下做世界公民的情操。

Very sorry,Because I had become a citizen of the world,I'm trying to be a citizen of the world in the future,I can't to English learning has high expectations,But I still through the English learning to cultivate the citizen of the world do the sentiment.