1980年5月，中国青年报一封读者来信《人生的路怎么越走越窄？》引发了全国大讨论。2013年1月，哈尔滨7名研究生为获得“事业编制”而走上清扫保洁工作一线，再次成为舆论焦点。当今的中国大学生如此热衷“编制”透视出什么？

In May 1980,The China youth daily a correspondence[The way of life how to go narrower more?]Cause the big discussion.In January 2013,Harbin 7 for a graduate student"Career preparation"And on cleaning cleaning a line,Once again become the focus of public opinion.Today's Chinese college students so keen"prepare"Perspective what?

死磕“编制”独木桥 Die depletion"prepare"bridge

　　2013年初，全国不少省区市的首轮大学生招聘中，拥有事业单位“编制”的环卫工、城管、讲解员等基层岗位均引来众多想栖身于此的“凤凰”。哈尔滨3000名大学生争相应聘“事业编制”的环卫工作岗位，被不少舆论认为是“没出息”：一个“编制”就把职业理想收买了？

At the beginning of 2013,The first round of the college students a lot of these national recruitment,Have institutions"prepare"Of dustbinman/Urban management/Commentator, etc are basic position from many want to stay in it"The order of the phoenix".Harbin 3000 college students to apply for"Career preparation"The sanitation work,Be a lot of people think that is"for":a"prepare"The vocational ideal bought?

　　其实，让大学生激烈竞争的不是环卫工作岗位，而是一份稳定的社会保障。“有的人死磕‘编制内’，连考好几年，原因有很多。待遇好、福利高、虽然工作比较琐碎枯燥，但很稳定，业余时间有保障，退休养老不用愁……”上海中医药大学药学专业大四学生施燕飞说，面对这样的诱惑，很多人都会动心。

In fact,Fierce competition for college students is not sanitation work,But a stable social security."Some people die depletion‘organization’,Even test for several years,Causes a lot of.Pay well/Welfare high/Although is a little boring,But very stable,Spare time is guaranteed,Retirement pension to worry about……"Shanghai university of traditional Chinese medicine pharmaceutical professional senior student ShiYanFei said,In the face of such a temptation,A lot of people will be unsettled.

　　相形之下，“编制外”的就业也同样不易。自主创业难、外企竞争累，收入不会旱涝保收，丈母娘都会看不起。清华大学金融专业研究生朱丽丹说：“我之前在外企做过，每天加班很晚，根本没有个人生活。也想过自主创业，但国内还没有良好的创业环境，错过了黄金就业期很可能一辈子沦落。”

compared,"Prepare the"Employment is also not easy.Independent business difficult/Foreign competition tired,Income won't drought or waterlogging,The mother-in-law will look down upon.Tsinghua university financial professional graduate ZhuLiDan said:"Before I did in a foreign company,Work overtime very late every day,No personal life.Also wanted to start their own businesses,But the domestic haven't good investment environment,Missed the gold employment period is likely to fall for a lifetime."

　　同时，很多毕业生也承认，在大学里没能掌握多少创造力、实践力和开拓精神。职业理想谁都有过，但现实情况是能找到一份工作已经很不错了。扎堆应聘“编制内”，也是身不由己求出路。

At the same time,Many graduates also admitted,In the university can't master much creativity/Practice force and pioneering spirit.Professional ideal who have,But the reality is that to find a job is very good.Gathers together to apply for"organization",Also involuntarily for a way out.

　　一些曾“碰壁”的“过来人”传递给毕业生这样的信号：体制外再“牛”的人，也不如体制内人员稳妥。同济大学工业工程专业大四学生黄澍君说：“很多家长都用一辈子的坎坷，证明了‘编制内’的优越，这是我们无法忽视的现实。”

Some have"Up against the wall"of"A n experienced person"Transfer to graduate this signal:System again outside"cattle"people,Also not in the system of personnel safety.Tongji university industrial engineering professional senior student HuangShuJun said:"A lot of parents with a lifetime of bumpy,proved‘organization’superior,It is impossible to ignore reality."

过度热衷“编制”令整体社会缺乏创新活力 Too keen"prepare"Make the whole society lack of innovation vitality

　　扎堆报考有“编制”的岗位，最大的副作用是让不少名校培养的高材生“大材小用”。不少社会学家和教育界人士对这种趋势感到忧虑对名牌大学研究生，国家和学校都进行了大量投入，其中不少人却最终放弃知识与能力，这是对高等教育公共资源的浪费。

Gathers together to enter oneself for an examination has"prepare"post,The biggest side effect is to make a lot of school training gifted student"DaCaiXiaoYong".Many social scientists and educators to this trend feel worried to famous university graduate student,States and school are a lot of investment,Many of the people but eventually give up the knowledge and ability,This is for higher education public waste of resources.

　　华东理工大学创业教育中心主任骆守检说，很多孩子在安逸的环境中成长，缺乏“不走寻常路”的锐气和“攻坚克难”的勇气。

East China university of science and technology entrepreneurship education center director by keep retrieval,Many children in the easy and comfortable environment to grow,Lack of"Don't walk unusual way"Edge and"Crucial grams difficult"courage.

　　上海青年研究中心主任、上海师范大学教授黄洪基说，“趁年轻，到体制内与体制一起慢慢变老，这种心态非常危险。”人人都想进入“编制内”的社会，不是一个有创新精神的社会。

Shanghai youth research center director/Shanghai normal university professor HuangHongJi said,"young,In the system and the system together and slowly old,This kind of attitude is very dangerous."Everyone wants to enter"organization"social,Not a creative society.

　　复旦大学社会学院教授任远说，“编制内”不可否认是一种现实的选择，却正反映出人力资本配置的方向出现了扭曲。如果知识生产部门和企业不能吸纳最优秀的人才，将不利于社会发展的繁荣与活跃。

Fudan university professor of the college RenYuan said,"organization"Do not deny that is a realistic choice,But reflecting human capital allocation distorts the direction.If knowledge production department and the enterprise can't absorb the most outstanding talents,Will not benefit the development of the society prosperity and active.

　　他认为，如果最能吸纳人才的部门都是“编制内”，说明社会的活力在减弱，体制壁垒可能会形成社会分化和社会割裂。

He thinks,If the department is recruiting talents"organization",The vitality of the society in the weakened,System barriers may form social differentiation and social split.

推进“编制”内外平等就业竞争 propulsion"prepare"Internal and external equal employment competition

　　不少专家呼吁，应推动“编制”内外的人力资源合理配置和人才晋升的平等竞争环境，提高社会基本保障和福利，激发大学生从事个人创业和知识生产的热情。

Many experts called for,Should promote"prepare"Inside and outside human resources reasonable allocation and talent promotion equal competition environment,Improve the social basic security and welfare,Inspires students engaged in business and personal knowledge production enthusiasm.

　　根据发达国家的经验，解决就业渠道变窄的一条重要通道是发展服务业这是容纳大学毕业生最多的行业。21世纪教育研究院副院长熊丙奇说，我国应该寻找发展服务业的积极对策，而不是对一些传统岗位，附加上户籍、“编制”等好处。这种权宜之计，让服务业的发展更为艰难。发展服务业，要求政府部门加大开放力度，推进平等竞争。

According to the experiences of developed countries,Solving the employment channels narrow down an important channel is to develop services for college graduates is the most industry.The 21st century education research institute, vice President of the XiongBingJi said,China should look for the positive countermeasures to develop the service trade,Not for some traditional post,On census register additional/"prepare"Benefits such as.The makeshift,Let the development of service industry is more difficult.Development services,Government agencies to increase the opening up,Promote equal competition.

　　与此同时，鼓励并支持青年学生的自主创新创业。骆守检说，一方面，政府要营造良好的创业环境，加强对小微企业的扶持力度；另一方面，高校要开设“创新精神”方面的课程，重视培养学生冒险意识、责任感等素质。

meanwhile,Encourage and support young students' autonomous innovation.Keep retrieval by,On the one hand,The government should create a good business environment,To strengthen the support for the small micro enterprise;On the other hand,Universities should set up"Innovation spirit"Aspects of the curriculum,Pay attention to training students' sense of adventure/Sense of responsibility and quality.

　　“我毕业的时候也面临‘编制内’岗位的‘诱惑’，但最后，我还是想趁年轻多锻炼自己。”复旦大学历史系毕业研究生吴恒说。他在大学期间就发起了资助宁夏贫困学生的“一本正经”计划，并在近几年先后创办了“掷出窗外”食品安全信息网和“流言研究中心”网站，是一个对“编制内”成功说“不”的案例。

"I graduated also faces‘organization’post‘temptation’,But in the end,I still want to young exercise more yourself."Fudan university graduate students graduated from history department WuHeng said.He was in university is launched for the poor students"solemnity"plan,And in recent years has started"Throw out of the window"Food safety information network and"Gossip research center"website,Is a"organization"success"Don't"case.

　　此外，黄洪基说，对城乡基层岗位，国家和学校应该提供政策扶助和教育引导，他们的“编制”和待遇应该保证。“我相信随着经济社会的改革发展，大学生的就业观一定会有所改变，他们最终会选择一份如何能让自己更幸福的工作，而不是仅仅只考虑现实利益。”(记者俞菀、吴振东)

In addition,HuangHongJi said,To urban and rural grassroots post,States and school should provide policy support and education guidance,their"prepare"And treatment should be guaranteed."I believe that with the reform of the economic and social development,College graduates ideas about finding jobs vary will change,They finally will choose a how can let oneself more happy work,Not only consider actual benefit."(Reporter shu Wan/WuZhenDong)