关注农村校园安全特别报道 Special report focus on rural campus security

硬件投入少 专职保安缺 安全隐患大 Hardware input less full-time security lack of safe hidden trouble

谁来拧紧农村学校的安全阀 Who is going to tighten the rural schools of the relief valve

【编者按】 [Editor's note]

　　 近段时间，在河南光山、湖南新化、浙江金华等地接连发生歹徒入侵校园伤害师生的事件，受到社会强烈关注。学生无辜受害、教师为此负伤甚至牺牲，无疑让社会更加关注校园的安全保卫能力。在系列入侵校园的恶性事件中，农村学校受到的冲击尤甚。普通的农村中小学安全现状到底怎样？靠什么来防范？有效解决学校安全特别是外来入侵的措施在哪里？本报从今天起推出“关注农村校园安全特别报道”，传递基层呼声，一起寻找有效提升农村学校安全保卫工作的方式方法。

Nearly period of time,In the guangshan vernacular of henan province/Hunan xinhua/Places such as zhejiang jinhua spate scoundrel invaded hurt teachers and students on campus,Caught the attention of society strongly.Students of innocent victims/Teachers were injured and even sacrifice for it,Certainly let the society to pay more attention to campus security capabilities.In the series of malignant invasion of campus events,Rural schools have been hit.Common security status quo of rural middle and primary school how?What do to prevent?Effectively solve the school safety especially invasive measures in where?This newspaper from today"Special report focus on rural campus security",Transfer calls at the grass-roots level,Together looking for ways to effectively improve the security work of rural school method.

　　 2013年1月15日下午1点多，一名男子翻过两米余高的围墙进入湖南省新化县北渡中心小学，将一名正在上体育课的三年级学生砍伤。为救学生，校长杨建一以身殉职。学生受到严重伤害，校长为此英勇献身，无疑令人惋惜、心痛。但更令人担忧的是，近年来校园安全事件不断，特别是农村中小学，更容易受到冲击。就在去年12月14日，河南省光山县发生一起针对农村学校的暴力事件，22名小学生被砍伤。时间倒退到2010年，据不完全统计，仅当年上半年全国就发生校园恶性砍伤事件7起，造成93名学生伤亡。

On the afternoon of January 15, 2013 more than 1 point,A man over more than two meters high walls into XinHuaXian north cross the central primary school in hunan province,Will a is slashed to physical education classes of grade three students.To save the students,The principal Yang Jianyi died already.Students suffered serious damage,The principal for this ultimate sacrifice,There is no doubt that we regret/heartache.But the bigger worry is,In recent years, campus security events,Especially in rural primary and secondary schools,More vulnerable to shocks.On December 14 last year,Guangshan county of henan province in rural school violence,22 pupils are being cut.Time back to 2010,According to incomplete statistics,Only when the first half of the national campus malignant wounding incident 7 up,93 students casualties.

　　 近年来，随着社会矛盾的复杂化，学校尤其是农村学校一再受到冲击。党中央、国务院高度重视校园安全，多次强调校园安全保卫的极其重要性，并及时作出重要部署，出台了不少政策，拨付了专项资金。然而，突发性的校园安全事件总是防不胜防。

In recent years,Along with the social contradictions of complicated,School, especially rural schools has repeatedly hit.The CPC central committee/Under the state council attaches great importance to the campus security,Stressed several times extremely importance of campus security,And promptly make important deployment,A lot of policies,Allocated special funds.however,Sudden campus security events are always available.

　　 在面对外来侵害时，农村学校为何屡屡成为校园安全的短板？记者为此展开了调查。在北渡中心小学，记者看到，学校建有完整的围墙，围墙高度达到2.1米。同时，该校建起了比较完整的校园安全规章制度，行政值班制度明确了学校行政人员的值周责任，每天从8:30到16:00是值班时间，值周人员要负责校门管理、校园巡查等具体工作。在杨建一校长生前的办公室里，相应的学校安全预案、安全教育内容也齐备。但是，安全的薄弱之处也不难发现，学校门口并没有值班门房，也没有配备保安。

In the face of foreign invasion,Why has become a rural school campus safety board?Reporter launched an investigation.In the north central primary school,The reporter sees,School has a complete walls,Wall height is 2.1 meters.At the same time,The school built a relatively complete school safety rules and regulations,Administrative duty system has been clear about the school administrators week of the value of the liability,Every day is from 8:30 to 16:00 on duty time,Value weeks personnel responsible for school management/Campus tour, etc. The specific work.In Yang Jianyi the headmaster's office,School safety plans accordingly/Safety education content is complete.but,Security weaknesses also is not hard to find,No duty concierge at the school gate,No security.

　　 该县教育局局长段绍芝告诉记者，校园安全对于教育局长、校长而言，都是“天大的事情”，压力很大。他认为，农村学校容易受到外来冲击，根本原因是，与城市学校相比，农村学校在校园安全的硬件投入方面仍然严重不足。“这几年，国家大力推动校安工程，可以说在较大程度上改善了新化校舍的安保状况，但现在部分规模较小的学校和教学点还没有围墙，有的即使有也达不到相应标准。”

The county education bureau of Duan Shaozhi told reporters,Campus security for the director of education/In terms of the principal,Are all"Big things",A lot of pressure.He thinks that,Rural schools is vulnerable to external shocks,The root cause is,Compared with urban schools,Rural schools in the hardware aspect of campus safety is still woefully inadequate."Over the past few years,National vigorously promote the school security engineering,Can say in a large extent, improved the security situation of xinhua school buildings,But now some smaller schools and learning centers over the fence,Some even if it does, it can not meet the corresponding standards."

　　 在新化采访中，杨建一的生前同事、白羊坪小学校长陈光海说，他一直想为学校争取一个保安，“如果能配备一名专职保安，再加上封闭式管理，陌生人、外来人员将会被挡在校园外。再者，如果是专职保安，他们身穿专业服装，将具有相当的威慑力。”但陈光海同时坦言，要聘保安，学校没有钱。据了解，在这个只有200多名学生的农村小学，每个学期的公用经费只有五六万元，这些钱要用于维修、要确保日常办公，现在学校开办营养餐，又要有人工费、水电费等多种支出，学校的支出项目种类繁多，能用来添置安防设备的钱很少，每年根本拿不出1.2万元左右的钱配备保安。

In a xinhua in an interview,Yang Jianyi before colleagues/Aries ping primary school headmaster Chen Guanghai said,He has been wanting to for a security guard for the school,"If can be equipped with a full-time security guards,Coupled with the closed-end management,A stranger/Foreigners will be blocked outside the campus.moreover,If it is a full time security guard,They dressed in professional clothing,Will have considerable deterrent."But Chen Guanghai admits at the same time,Want to hire security guards,The school does not have the money.We have learned,Only more than 200 students in the rural primary school,Public funds only five or six of the ten thousand yuan each term,These money are used for maintenance/To ensure the daily office,Now the school start feeding,And labor/Utilities and other spending,The school spending programs are varied,Can be used to add security equipment for very little money,Every year at the 12000 yuan of money with security guards.

　　 这也正是段绍芝犯愁的问题，“新化是一个有510所学校、130个教学点，130万人口的国家级贫困县，能保证教师的绩效工资发放就不错了，要在人防、物防方面加大投入很困难，县级财政一直都很紧张。”

This is what Duan Shaozhi caress your problem,"Xinhua is one of 510 schools/130 to teach,A population of 1.3 million state-level poverty-stricken counties,Can guarantee the teacher performance salary is good,In the civil air defense/Thing to invest very difficult,The county finance has always been very nervous."

　　 农村中小学缺少保安并不是新化一地的尴尬现实，在河南省光山县，记者就了解到，当地农村学校的安防同样面临现实困境，全县300多所小学配备全职门卫的不到1/3。特别对于那些中小规模的农村学校而言，单靠学校自身难以配齐专职保安。这种情况在中西部不少农村学校并不鲜见。而与之对应的尴尬现实是，一项统计显示，导致学生多人伤亡的案件多发生在城乡接合部和农村学校。

Rural primary and secondary schools lack of security is not a embarrassing reality of xinhua,In guangshan county of henan province,The reporter understands it,Local rural schools security also face of dilemma,The county more than 300 primary schools equipped with full-time doorman, less than one-third.Especially for those small and medium-sized rural schools,Complete by the school itself alone is difficult to full-time security guards.The case in many rural schools in the Midwest are not rare.Compared with the corresponding embarrassing reality is,According to a statistics,Causes students to many deaths more cases happened in urban and rural copula and rural schools.

　　 “为确保安全，每天早晨我们都会安排一位干部、两名教师、4名学生在校园门口执勤一个小时。”陈光海说，尽管这种方式能在一定程度上缓解农村学校安全压力，但问题是显而易见的。“这些老师每人每天都要上几节课，要代替保安职能，既不规范也不专业。”

"In order to ensure the safety,Every morning we will arrange a cadre/Two teachers/Four students on duty for an hour at the gate of the campus."Chen Guanghai said,Although this way can to a certain extent, alleviate the pressure of the rural school safety,But the problem is obvious."Each of these teachers several lessons every day,To replace the security function,Neither standard or professional."

　　 要加强安全保障水平，农村学校普遍存在缺保安、少投入的现实困难，但是在采访中，记者发现，现在的农村小学教师构成状况也不利于学校的安全建设。新化县三江口小学校长田海平介绍，学校现有11位教师，男教师只有3人，并且年龄都在50岁以上。“面对外来威胁时，女教师和小学生其实都是绝对的弱势群体。如果单靠教师自身，力不从心、漏洞明显。”田海平说，这种师资结构在农村学校带有普遍性，并且近年来新补充的教师基本上都是女性。

To strengthen security level,Rural schools are widespread lack of security/Less realistic difficulties,But in an interview,Reporter found that,Now constitute a rural primary school teachers is not conducive to the safety of the school building.XinHuaXian sanjiang mouth elementary school principals Tian Haiping is introduced,The school existing 11 teachers,Only three male teachers,And age over 50 years old."The face of foreign threats,Teacher and pupil are absolutely disadvantaged groups.If the teacher himself alone,Run out of puff/Hole clearly."Tian Haiping said,The structure of teachers in rural schools with universality,And added new teachers are basically women in recent years.

　　 为此，段绍芝建议，国家应当像实施校舍安全工程一样启动并实施农村中小学安保工程。要通过系统安排，每年纳入预算，在农村中小学的物防、人防、安全教育上加大投入，并通过相应的制度设计带动省、市、县各级政府的投入，为农村学校切实消除安全隐患建立稳定的制度，填补欠账和漏洞，打牢基础。

To do this,Duan Shaozhi advice,Countries should start like implementing building safety engineering and implementation of security project in rural primary and secondary schools.Want to be arranged through the system,Included in the budget each year,In rural primary and secondary school of technology/Civil air defense/Safety education on increasing investment,And through the corresponding system design drives the province/The city/County governments at all levels,For the rural schools to establish a sound system to eliminate the safety hidden trouble,Fill the loopholes and debt,Play basic jobs.

　　 采访中，记者也注意到，在2010年12月底，中央财政下拨专项资金38.89亿元，对全国义务教育阶段学校的校园安保设备设施给予一次性补助，专项用于支持学校配置安保、防火等设备设施以及加固改造校园围墙、校门等方面支出。同时要求各地教育部门要摸清本地学校安保设备设施装备和保安配备情况，制定工作方案。就此，一位专家指出，农村中小学校多面广，安保条件基础薄弱，国家必须拿出持续性的举措，为农村学校改善物防和人防等基础性条件，也只有这样，学校安全才能有基础性的保障，在应对外力入侵时才不会捉襟见肘。

In an interview,Reporter also noticed that,At the end of December 2010,The central government allocated special funds of 3.889 billion yuan,On the national compulsory education school campus security facilities for one-time payments,Special configuration to support the school security/Equipment such as fire prevention facilities and reinforce the campus walls/School spending.Requires all localities departments of education at the same time to clear security equipment and security equipment and facilities equipped with the local school,Make work plan.In this,One expert said,Rural primary and secondary schools more widely,Foundation weak security conditions,Countries must come up with sustainability initiatives,For the rural schools to improve the technology and civil air defense and other basic conditions,Only in this way also,School safety ability with the basic protection,When dealing with the invasion force was not compromised.