上书房也逃课 The study also cut class

　　虽然上书房管理严格，但是也管不住淘气的皇子逃课。这样的情况，一旦被查出，号称“宽仁”的乾隆帝，对师傅们并不客气。

Though the study on the strict management,But also cannot manage naughty prince cut class.Such a situation,Once they are found,Claims to be"forgiveness"The qianlong emperor,Don't mention it to teacher.

　　乾隆十四年三月初七，乾隆发现查出二月三十日到三月初六，所有师傅都没来上课，经过询问皇子和师傅，结果是学生们都出勤了，是师傅缺勤，皇帝震怒，将师傅们交部议处，其中阿肃、达椿两位旗籍师傅革职，并各责40大板，总师傅刘墉虽留任总师傅，但从尚书衔降为侍郎，更有多人被免除师傅职务。

Qianlong fourteen years in March 7th,Qianlong found out in February to March 30 people,All the teacher didn't come to class,After ask prince and master,The result is the students attendance,Is teacher absenteeism,The emperor wrath,Deliver the craftsman of discussion,One of the 'o/To master tsubaki two flag,And all the responsibility for 40 big board,General teacher liu2 yong is on the general master,But from the bit to ShiLang ministers,More people have been removed from the master post.

　　乾隆三十五年五月的一天，24岁的八阿哥永璇旷课从圆明园去了京城，乾隆知道后非常生气，下了一道谕旨申斥有关人员，不仅批评儿子私自外出，到底还是归结于老师管教不严，将其师傅观保、汤先甲革职处理，并严斥所有师傅，不知规劝，尸位素餐。可是，二十多岁的皇子是师傅们规劝就能管得住的吗？

Qianlong 35 years of May Day,Eight elder brother YongXuan truancy, 24, from the old Summer Palace went to the city,Qianlong was very angry about this,Under a ukase reprimand relevant personnel,Not only criticized the son to go out,All, due to the teacher discipline is lax,The master view/Soup a sack processing first,And severely castigate all master,I do not know to,Unmistakably identified.but,Prince is master in her early twenties to persuade can tube to live?

　　在专制帝王的家庭私学里，本身就难以存在正常的师生关系。真可谓当老师难，当帝师更难。

In the autocratic imperial family private,Itself is difficult to normal teacher-student relationship.When the teacher is true,When DiShi harder.

最聪明的师傅——咸丰帝师杜受田 The smartest teacher - xianfeng DiShi du tian

　　有清一代，上书房的师傅们不仅教出了一大批有着很高文化修养和军事素质的皇子，也给世人留下了很多逸闻趣事。最著名的就是师傅杜受田帮咸丰皇帝挣储的故事。

With qing dynasty,Study on the teacher not only teach out a large number of high culture, and military quality of prince,Also gave the world a lot of funny anecdotes.Is one of the most famous chef du field help heshen make store's story.

　　自雍正以后，实行秘密建储制度，皇帝在位时，别人根本无从知道那位皇子将要继承大统。而这一点对师傅们是非常重要的，所谓师以生贵，谁的学生最后荣登大宝，那凭着十几年传道授业的情谊，自然会大受眷顾。如此，在储君的不确定性之下，师傅们不可能像康熙皇帝时那样在阿哥们身后站队，为了自己的政治前途，最合适的方法就是以自己的经验阅历尽力辅佐自己教授的皇子，献计献策，以期学生在储位竞争中赢得父皇青睐。

After yongzheng,Shall practise a system of secret build store,When the emperor's reign,Others simply don't know if is going to inherit the prince.And this is very important for the craftsman,So-called teacher to you,Students who maintained its dabao finally,With more than ten years a compassso that friendship,Nature will be visited.so,Under the uncertainty of the crown,They may not like the emperor kangxi behind may have little rest,For the sake of his political future,The most appropriate way is to their own experiences to help their professor's prince,Come up with new ideas,In order to students in the store a competition to win father favour.

　　当时，道光帝选择储君的主要对象是皇四子奕詝和皇六子奕?，奕詝性格宽厚，讷于言辞；奕?聪慧机智，武艺了得。奕詝的老师杜受田，字芝农，山东滨州人，道光三年进士，会试第一，殿试二甲第一。奕?的老师卓秉恬，字静远，四川华阳人，是嘉庆七年进士。

At that time,Daoguang emperor choice the main object is the emperor's crown Wilson of the fourth Zhu and huang yi six children?,Yi Zhu generous personality,Lots of words;yi?Clever wit,Is good at martial arts.Tian yi du Zhu teacher,Word cheese farmers,Shandong binzhou people,Light jinshi in the last three years,To the first,Position the ligue 1.yi?Teacher ZhuoBingTian,Word static far,Sichuan HuaYangRen,Is seven years jiaqing jinshi.

　　一次道光率诸子去南苑较猎，意在考察皇子武艺胆识。杜受田自知奕詝的武艺根本不是奕?的对手，就建议他不要参加捕猎，全程约束随从不要猎杀动物，皇帝若问了，只说“时方春，鸟兽孳育，不忍伤生以干天和”。按照杜受田的指点，整个狩猎活动，奕詝一直端坐一旁，奕?也理所应当地擒获了最多的猎物，但道光帝听了奕詝的的解释，反而更认为奕詝宽厚仁慈，赞赏道：“此真帝者之言！”(《清史稿》)

A light all rate to nanyuan is hunting,Is intended to examine prince martial arts guts.Du by tian know yi Zhu Wilson of martial arts is not?The opponent,Will advise him not to take part in hunting,All the constraints after don't hunt animals,If the emperor asked the,Only say"When Fang Chun,Birds and beasts fruits),To carnage to dry days".According to the directions by tian du,The hunt,Yi Zhu has been sitting aside,yi?Also have understandably captured much of the game,But Wilson of daoguang emperor heard Zhu explanation,Instead more think yi Zhu charitable,said:"This is the emperor's word!"([QingShiGao])

　　又一次，道光帝召奕詝奕?二人入对。卓秉恬知道奕?学识渊博、能言善辩，就建议他在皇帝问策时，说多说透，旁征博引。杜受田知道奕詝说不过奕?，就让他索性不说，只在皇上提及自己的疾病时，伏地痛哭即可。二人各自领了师傅的妙计，来到道光的病榻前，一个滔滔不绝，一个痛哭流涕，最终，哭泣的奕詝触动了父皇内心柔软的神经，以其仁孝成为了咸丰皇帝。(《清代野史大观》)

Once again,,Wilson of daoguang emperor called Zhu yi?Two people into the right.ZhuoBingTian know yi?knowledgeable/articulate,Have suggested he was in the emperor asked policy,Say say more deeply,To lead.But yi du by tian know yi Zhu said?,Just don't say let him,Only when the emperor to mention his own illness,Voldemort can cry.Each received two master's sleeve,Came to the bedside light,A gushing,A weeping,In the end,The crying game Zhu touched a nerve of father heart is soft,With its RenXiao heshen.([Unofficial history in qing dynasty observatory])

　　咸丰即位后，加杜受田太子太傅，兼署吏部尚书，调刑部尚书、协办大学士，国家大政必谘而后行，去世后，“赠太师、大学士，入祀贤良祠，”得谥“文正”。谥法中，经天纬地曰文，内外宾服曰正，“文正”乃“人臣得谥之至美者也”，是文官所能得到的最高褒扬。在清朝两百余年中，得谥“文正”者不过八人，足见咸丰帝对老师杜受田的重视。

After xianfeng acceded to the throne,Add du tian prince who,And agency official department minister,The punishments history/The co-host university,Other countries will consult,After the death of,"Give a surname/College students,Into the realms of good temple,"Have to Shi"is".The regulations for posthumous title,Yue, panoramic view,Obey yue is inside and outside,"is"It is"People go to princes Shi to us also",Is the highest praise of civilian can get.In the qing dynasty more than two hundred years,Have to Shi"is"But eight people,It serves to show xianfeng emperor du the field to the teacher's attention.