眼睛是心灵的窗户，婴幼儿成长过程中，90%外界信息是通过眼睛获得，眼睛好坏直接影响着婴幼儿动作、语言的发展，同时婴儿眼睛又非常脆弱，所以需要父母精心呵护，特别是要注意避免强光刺激。请关注强光对婴儿眼睛危害有多大？

The eyes are the window to the soul,In the growth of infants and young children,90% is outside information through eyes,Eyes good or bad directly affects infants and young children/The development of the language,At the same time baby eyes are particularly vulnerable,So parents need care,Especially pay attention to avoid strong light stimulation.How much pay attention to light eyes harm to infants?

　　曾有媒体报道，西安市宋女士用浴霸给刚出生不久的儿子洗澡，结果导致儿子在强光刺激下失明了。中国医科大学附属盛京医院眼科副主任医生夏丽坤呼吁，“婴儿的眼睛非常脆弱，需要父母科学健康地护理婴儿眼睛，避免强光照射，给孩子一个明亮灿烂的世界”！

There was media coverage,Xi 'an ms song with shower bath bully to newborn son,Result under strong light stimulus blind son.Of doctor of vice director of ophthalmology of shengjing hospital affiliated to China medical university Xia Likun appeal,"Baby's eyes is very fragile,Need to care baby eyes parents health science,To avoid glare,Give the child a bright world"!

一旦失明不可逆转 Once the irreversible blindness

　　据夏丽坤介绍，来医院就诊的患者，有不少孩子是因为身边的强光损伤了眼睛，“我们临床上对于很多光线，都不让小孩、幼儿长时间地注视，包括正常的日光灯、电脑、电视、亮度强的手机等”。

According to Xia Likun,To hospital patients,There are quite a few children because light damage around the eyes,"Our clinical go up to a lot of light,Don't let children/Children watch over a long period of time,Including normal fluorescent lamp/The computer/TV/Lighting of the mobile phone, etc".

　　据了解，胎儿在6周时，视神经就开始铺路了，将视网膜连接到“初级”的大脑上。然后，眼的晶状体和眼角膜形成，眼皮覆盖在眼睛上。大约在6个月左右，胎儿就已经对光很敏感了。婴儿出生时，对光线会有反应，但眼睛发育不完全，视觉结构、视神经尚未成熟，视力只有成人的 1/30。此后，婴儿的视力还要经过一个漫长的逐步发育的过程，在6岁时视力才能达到正常的1.0，而到8岁时，孩子的视力才能完全发育。

We have learned,Fetus in 6 weeks,The optic nerve began to pave the way,Will be connected to the retina"The primary"On the brain.then,The lens of the eye and cornea to form,Cover the eyes.At about six months or so,The fetus is very sensitive to light up.The baby was born,Are responsive to light,But not completely eye development,Visual structure/The optic nerve is not yet ripe for it,Vision is only about 1/30 of the adult.Since then,The baby's vision even after a long process of gradual development,Vision to reach normal 1.0 at the age of 6,And at the age of eight,The development of the child's vision to completely.

　　“因为婴儿的眼睛还处于发育中，尤其是黄斑区，我们正常视网膜上有一个黄斑区，这个黄斑区是视网膜上最重要的一个部分，该区域的细胞主要是用来感知亮觉、色觉，它非常敏感，往往要在孩子4岁左右才能完全成熟。如果长时间的过度地受光线刺激，都可能对视力有一定的损伤，出现黄斑水肿以及充血、炎症等问题，严重时可能导致失明，而如果黄斑区受损，通常是不可逆转的，视力也很难恢复。”夏丽坤说。

"Because the baby's eyes are still in developing,Especially in the macular area,We have a normal retina macular area,The macular area is the most important part of the retina,The area of the cell is mainly used to perceive light sleep/Color vision,It is very sensitive,Tend to be around 4 years old child to full maturity.If long time excessively affected by the light stimulation,Are likely to have certain damage to eyesight,Macular edema and hyperemia/Inflammation of the problems such as,Serious when can cause blindness,And if the macular area,Usually is irreversible,Vision is difficult to restore."Xia Likun said.

生活中潜藏隐形的强光杀手 Light hidden invisible killer in the life

　　由于好奇心驱使，婴儿见到光亮的东西非常喜欢盯着看，在生活中，父母们要特别注意避免婴儿直视光源，避免婴儿娇嫩的眼睛受到强光的伤害。那么在日常生活中，哪些光源是对婴儿眼睛损伤力大的强光？父母应该如何护理婴儿眼睛？

Because of curiosity,See light baby things like stared at,In the life,Parents should pay special attention to avoid looking directly at light baby,Avoid baby tender eyes from being hurt by the strong light.So in daily life,What light is light force big damage to the baby's eyes?How should parents care baby's eyes?

　　西安市眼科医院眼底病专家吕沛霖说，0至3岁是视力发展的敏感时期，也是比较脆弱的时期，家长尤其要注意。生活中闪光灯、荧光灯、浴霸灯、LED屏等很多光源会对孩子的视力造成影响，尤其是在相对狭小的空间里，这些光源里的蓝光容易对幼儿视力造成伤害。如果要用浴霸给婴幼儿洗澡，为避免孩子眼睛受强光刺激，在给孩子洗澡前，可先将浴霸打开让浴室预热，洗澡时把浴霸关掉。

Xi 'an Lv Peilin YanDeBing ophthalmology hospital experts said,0 to 3 years old is the sensitive period of vision development,Also be more vulnerable period,Parents should pay attention to especially.Life flash/Fluorescent lamp/Bath bully lamp/LED screen etc many light will affect the child's vision,Especially in the relatively narrow space,The light in the blue light is easy to cause harm to children's vision.If you want to use bath bully to bathe the baby,In order to avoid children eyes from strong light stimulation,Before give the child a bath,Can preheat open bath bully to the bathroom first,Turn off the bath bully while taking a bath.

　　吕沛霖提醒说，给婴儿照相时使用的照明光和感光器也会对孩子眼睛造成伤害，也应该注意避免；户外晒太阳时，紫外线强，大人不要忽略给孩子戴上墨镜；要避免刺眼的蓝光灯，选择符合环保标准的日光灯；远离房间内紫外线消毒灯；遇到电焊发出的弧光要躲开；日食时的光线也容易损伤眼睛，要尽量避免，或佩带专门的眼睛。另外，不要让婴儿在强光下睡觉，如果在窗边睡觉，应该隔一段时间给孩子调整下睡觉的方向。

Lv Peilin reminding that,Baby picture using the illumination light and the light sensor will cause harm to the child eyes,Also should pay attention to avoid;When outdoors in the sun,Strong ultraviolet ray,Adults don't ignore sunglasses for children;To avoid dazzling blue light,Choose accord with environmental protection standard of fluorescent lamp;Apart from the ultraviolet sterilizing lamp in the room;In welding arc to escape;Eclipse of the sun when light is easy to damage the eyes,Try to avoid,Or wear special eyes.In addition,Don't let the baby sleep in bright light,If you sleep in the window,Should lie between period of time to give their children sleeping under the adjustment direction.

　　此外，婴儿在出生后头两年，是眼睛和焦距调节功能发育的关键阶段，光明与黑暗的时间多少，可能会影响幼儿视力的发育。据医学研究表明，婴儿睡眠时不关灯会增加孩子患近视眼的可能性。 国外医学研究人员在对479名2—16岁的近视患者进行研究后认为，睡在灯光下的两岁以下的婴儿与睡在黑暗中的婴儿相比，近视发病率要高出四倍，睡在黑暗中的孩子患近视的只占10%；夜间睡在照明灯光下的患近视的占34%，睡在室内较强光照明灯下的孩子，患近视的占55%。

In addition,The baby was born in the first two years,Is the key to the eyes and focal length adjustment function development stage,How much time of light and dark,May affect the growth of children's eyesight.According to the study of medicine,Baby sleep when none will increase the likelihood of children suffering from myopia. Foreign medical researchers in 479 patients with myopia 2-16 study concluded,Sleep in the light of infants under the age of two compared with the baby is sleeping in the dark,Incidence of myopia were more than four times,Sleep in the dark accounts for only 10% of children suffering from myopia;Night under the light of myopia (34%),Sleep a child under the bright lights indoors,Accounted for 55% of myopia.

婴幼儿眼睛发育需要营养全面 Infants and young children need nutrition comprehensive eye development

　　北京大学人民医院眼科主任医生吴夕认为，全面营养是婴幼儿眼睛发育的基础。家长要重视防止婴儿偏食、挑食，注重食物多样化和荤素搭配。维生素A，DHA/AA，叶黄素等都在婴幼儿眼睛发育过程中扮演着重要角色。动物性食物中的维生素A、植物性食物中的胡萝卜素就是保护眼睛、维持正常视觉的“灵丹妙药”。富含维生素A的食物有深海鱼类，粗粮包括玉米、燕麦及坚果类等种子类食物；富含胡萝卜素的食物如胡萝卜、白菜、豆芽、豆腐、红枣、橘子等食物，还宜多吃海带、海苔、紫菜等海洋蔬菜，有吸收与抵抗放射性物质的作用，对人体造血功能以及遗传基因有一定的保护作用。

Beijing university people's hospital, director of ophthalmology doctor Wu Xi think,Nutrition is the foundation of the infant eye development in an all-round way.Parents should pay attention to prevent baby partial eclipse/Picky about food,Pay attention to the food variety and hun vegetable collocation.Vitamin A,DHA/AA,Lutein, etc are all in the infant eye development plays an important role in the process.The vitamin A in animal food/Carotene is to protect the eyes of plant-based foods/To maintain normal vision"A panacea".Foods rich in vitamin A deep-sea fishes,Whole grains including corn/Oat seeds and nuts kind of food;Foods such as carrots are rich in beta-carotene/Chinese cabbage/Bean sprouts/tofu/Red jujube/Oranges and other food,Also should eat kelp/seaweed/Laver, vegetables,Has the effect of absorption and resistance to radiation,On human hematopoietic function, and genetic has certain protective effect.

　　吴夕指出，植物性食材每天都可以适量摄入，动物性食物则每周适量进食三次为宜，因为我们每日的奶里面动物性因素已经很高。

Wu Xi pointed out,Plant-based ingredients can moderate intake every day,Animal food, right amount eat three times a week,Because our daily milk inside animal factors is already high.

　　父母们要了解掌握更多更全面的婴幼儿护眼知识，为宝宝打造出好的眼力，在日常生活中也要处处留心，陪孩子看书、识字的时候，每隔20分钟就休息片刻，避免用眼过度；关注婴儿眼睛发育进程，每半年带宝宝做一次眼睛检查，尽早发现可能存在的眼疾，以得到及时的治疗。

Parents should know some more more comprehensive knowledge of infant eye,For the baby to make a good choice,Notices in daily life,Reading with your child/The literacy,Taking a break every 20 minutes,Avoid with eyes too much;Focus on baby eye development process,Take baby to do eye check every six months,As soon as possible find possible eye diseases,In order to get timely treatment.

　　（科技日报）

(Journal of science and technology)