江德斌

JiangDeBin

　　7月16日，浙江省金融办证实，杭州600家知名民营企业近日联名上书向省政府紧急求助，请政府帮助渡过因银行催贷、抽贷而面临的难关。民企不良贷款率上升引发了银行焦虑，从而催生银行强硬的催收贷款行为，催贷的压力沿着浙江民企之间庞大的联保互保网络蔓延，引发了大面积的企业资金链危机。

July 16,，Zhejiang financial do confirmed，Hangzhou 600 well-known private enterprise recently signed a letter to the emergency，Please government help for bank loans through reminders、A loan and face difficulties。Corporation bad loans rise caused a bank anxiety，Thus gave birth to the bank lending activities of tough collection，Push loan pressure along the zhejiang corporation huge LianBao each other between the network spread，Triggered large areas of enterprise capital chain crisis。

　　目前爆发的浙江民企联保互保危机，比之前的民间高利贷危机更为严重。高利贷主要是熟人间的往来借贷关系，乃是一个个小圈子网络，即便出现借款人还不上钱的情况，风险波及面也比较窄，更多是造成心理上的冲击，影响到民间借贷的信用重建问题。

The current outbreak of zhejiang corporation LianBao mutual the crisis，The folk usury than before the crisis is more serious。Usury is mainly among acquaintances with lending relationship，But a coterie network，Even if the borrower is not appear on the money，Also the narrow down the risk，More is cause psychological impact，Affect the credit reconstruction folk lending。

　　而民企间存在的联保互保网络，却将企业像蚂蚱般捆绑在一条绳索上，形成资金链的相互锁定，在经济向好时倒没啥问题，但在经济衰退周期，却要面临一损俱损的危险。一旦某家企业陷入经营困境，银行贷款还不上来，就会波及其他担保企业。银行强行回收企业担保贷款，致使担保企业现金流恶化，影响到正常经营，严重地会造成“多米诺骨牌效应”，大批联保互保企业和供应厂商相继倒闭，大批工人失业。

And between the corporation LianBao mutual insurance network，But as a grasshopper bound in enterprise a rope，Form the capital chain lock each other，In the economic up well pour while do not have what problem，But in the economic recession cycle，But will face the danger of mine。Once a home business enterprise into a dilemma，Bank loans is not to come up，Will spread to other security enterprise。Bank forced recovery enterprise guarantee loans，The guarantee enterprise cash flow worse，Affect the normal business，Seriously can cause“A domino effect”，A large number of LianBao mutual insurance enterprises and suppliers have failed，Large number of workers unemployed。

　　在2008年全球金融风暴冲击下，国内民企就曾遭遇到一波联保互保危机。部分企业因急于扩张，过于冒险，大肆借贷，不慎堕入资金链陷阱，受到银行和民间高利贷的催款，以至陷入倒闭风险，进而波及大批联保企业和供应链企业。比如缝纫机龙头企业飞跃集团，就曾因濒临倒闭，拖累数十家联保企业和供应商，影响到数十万人就业问题。因此，对于此次民企联保互保危机，切勿掉以轻心，政府需要尽快介入，商讨合理的解救方案。

In 2008 the impact of global financial storm，Domestic corporation was from a wave LianBao mutual the crisis。Part of the enterprise eager to expand，Too adventure，Wantonly lending，Accidentally falling capital chain trap，By Banks and folk usury reminders，That risk in collapse，And then spread to the large number of LianBao enterprise and supply chain enterprise。Such as sewing machine leading enterprises leap group，It was due to the brink of collapse，Drag down dozens of LianBao enterprises and suppliers，Influence to the hundreds of thousands of people obtain employment problem。so，For the corporation LianBao mutual the crisis，Don't take lightly，The government needs to intervention as soon as possible，To discuss the reasonable save scheme。

　　对于银行来讲，企业担保贷款能够降低还贷风险，万一借款人还不了钱，还可以找担保企业索讨，此乃合理合法。可是，由于受限于国内金融垄断格局，民企一向处于贷款难的局面，银行又忽视对民企的信息调查，过度依赖于抵押贷款和担保贷款，却不愿推行信用贷款，致使民企缺乏选择余地，为了获得资金，只得跳入联保互保圈子。而且，现在处于经济下行周期，银根紧缩，贷款指标不足，银行更加重视资金风险，回收贷款就成头等大事，从而引发联保互保危机。

Will tell to the bank，Enterprise guarantee loans borrowed to reduce risk，One thousand the borrower is not the money，Still can look for guarantee enterprise exact，This is a reasonable legal。but，Due to limited to domestic financial monopoly pattern，Corporation has always been in loans difficult situation，Bank and ignore the corporation information investigation，Excessive dependence on mortgages and guaranteed loans to，It does not want to push credit，The corporation lack of choice，In order to get the money，Had to jump into LianBao the circle each other。and，Now in the economic downside cycle，credit-tightening，Loan index shortage，Banks pay more attention to risk money，Recycling the loan is top priority to，And cause LianBao mutual the crisis。

　　可见，要想解决危机，就要从银行入手，让银行将联保互保网络解锁，暂时搁置联保互保企业的连带保证责任，让倒闭企业进入破产还债程序；或者延缓借款人的贷款期限，给企业创造自救机会，从而减少贷款损失；鼓励企业兼并重组，进而盘活有效资产，缓解企业债务危机。

visible，If you want to solve the crisis，From bank of will，Let the bank will LianBao mutual insurance network to unlock，LianBao shelved for each of the enterprise joint guarantee responsibility，Let go bankrupt enterprise into bankruptcy and debt repayment program；Or delay the borrower loan time limit，To help enterprise to create opportunities，So as to reduce loan losses；Encourage enterprise merger and reorganization，And revitalize the effective assets，Ease debt crisis。

　　当然，这些都是应急措施，从长远来看，仍然是要打破金融垄断格局，放开金融限制，给民间资本开办银行的机会，通过竞争改变民企贷款难的问题。同时，还要大力发展企业信用贷款业务，降低银行对联保互保的过分依赖，也使民企融资更为方便，并进而摆脱联保互保风险。

Of course，These are all emergency measures，In the long run，Still is to break the financial monopoly pattern，Freed financial restrictions，To private capital the opportunity to run Banks，Through the competition change corporation loans difficult question。At the same time，Even energetically developing enterprise credit loan business，Reduce to each of the bank LianBao overuse，Also make corporation financing is more convenient，And then get rid of LianBao mutual insurance risk。