本报记者 郑洞宇

Our correspondent ZhengDongYu

　　“作为一个信贷员，最郁闷的不是有客户但没款放，也不是有款放但没客户，而是有款放也有客户，但就是不敢放贷款。”任职于某城市商业银行深圳分行的个贷经理小刘从7月至今还没有完成一笔贷款，这是他从业两年多从未经历过的“贷款荒”。

“As a for the loan officer，The most depressed not have customers but didn't put in，Also not have money but didn't put customers，But there are also have put in customers，But just couldn't put loans。”Employment in a city commercial bank of shenzhen branch GeDai manager xiao liu from July have yet to complete a loan，This is he from more than two years have never experienced“Loan waste”。

　　小刘表示，现在自己几乎成了“福尔摩斯”。“最近接触了一个做电子元器件的王老板，虽然对方看上去诚意十足，但我不会帮他申请贷款。”王老板的工厂位于深圳关外，他自称公司经营状况很好，想向银行借款200万元以扩大生产线。

Xiao liu said，Now he has become almost“holmes”。“Recent contact with a do electronic components of the king，Although the other party looks sincerity is dye-in-the-wood，But I will not help him to apply for a loan。”The king of the factory is located in the shenzhen customs，He called the company business is in good condition，Want to borrow from Banks RMB 2 million to expand production line。

　　“我这贴片机是日本进口的，一台机器的购入价格就有200多万元。你要是懂行，看这牌子就知道了，做抵押绰绰有余。我这工厂通常一个月的营业收入接近200万元。”王老板一边摆弄着机器，一边讲述工厂的经营状况。小刘悄悄记下了机器的型号，趁王老板走开的间隙，他用智能手机搜索发现，这台贴片机的市场价值只有50多万元，只是一般设备而已。

“I this placement machine is Japan imported，A machine the price paid is more than 200 yuan。If you know，Look at the brand to know，Do mortgage more than sufficient。I this factory usually a month of revenue to nearly $2 million。”Wang's boss toyed with the machine，Side tells the operations of the factory。Xiao liu quietly took down the machine model，While wang's boss go away clearance，He found that smart phone search，This machine placement machine market value only 50 more than ten thousand yuan，Just general equipment just。

　　王老板浮夸的言辞引起了小刘的警觉。小刘提出要按程序审阅公司财务报表，于是王老板将他带到了办公室。小刘看见王老板的办公桌上凌乱地堆着一些旧报纸，烟灰缸里积满了烟蒂，一副多日无人打扫的模样。“去年营业收入大概2000来万元，净利润不错。这行现在好赚钱，所以才找你们银行借款扩大生产线。”王老板递过财务档案。

Wang's boss grandiose words caused xiao liu alarm。Xiao liu offered to the program review company financial statement，So the king boss took him to the office。Xiao liu saw wang's boss desk of a mess some old newspapers，The ashtray is thick with cigarette ends，A pair of many days no one look clean。“Business income last year about 2000 to ten thousand yuan，Net profit good。This line is good to make money，So just looking for your bank loan expand the production line。”Wang's boss handed over financial profile。

　　“一些核心数据确实如王老板所说的，没有多大出入，但时间上暗藏玄机。”小刘告诉中国证券报说，王老板的工厂有1000万元的应收账款还未收回，而应付账款达500万元。按照小刘的经验，电子元器件工厂应收账款的账期一般为三四个月，但王老板工厂的这笔千万巨款拖欠了超过7个月，再加上还有500万元的应付账款未付，小刘的心中已有结论：工厂的资金周转出现了严重问题，下游客户拖欠货款，王老板同时拖欠上游客户货款，环环相扣，王老板实际是想以扩大生产线为名，用银行贷款填补资金缺口。

“Some of the core data such as boss said king indeed，Not much in and out，But time hidden on the mystery。”Xiao liu told Chinese stock certificate report said，The king of the boss with a $10 million factory of accounts receivable are not withdrawn，And accounts payable to 5 million yuan。According to the experience of xiao liu，Electronic components factory accounts receivable account period usually three four months，But the boss of the factory king never behind with the money more than seven months，Plus there are 5 million yuan of accounts payable has been paid，Xiao liu has been in the heart of the conclusion：The factory fund turnover in serious problems，The downstream customer default payment for goods，Wang's boss at the same time the customer payment default，Linked together，Wang's boss is actually want to to expand production line as，Bank loans with funding gap to fill。

　　一番周旋之后，小刘回到银行，通过内部系统查询发现王老板的工厂最近刚搬到较之前更偏僻的地区，而且王老板本人的信用记录一般，甚至还有逾期还款记录。耗了几天工夫，小刘没有递交王老板申请贷款的材料，选择以“零贷款”面对当月银行的业绩考核。

A after al，Xiao liu back to the bank，Through the internal system inquires king of factory boss found recently moved to a more remote areas before，And the king boss himself credit history generally，Even overdue payment records。To spend a few days，Xiao liu did not submit the king of to apply for a loan to the boss material，Choose to“Zero loans”Facing the bank performance assessment that month。

　　“此前，深圳松岗工业区一家做电容器的工厂想做一笔大额贷款，厂区大概有3000平方米，老板声称有近百个工人。到了工厂才发现，从进门到老板办公室，只有一个老人漫不经心地坐在厂门口。机器倒是挺多，但上面有灰尘，产品库存也很少。老板吹嘘去年赚了近千万元，但工厂看起来更像是亏了几百万元的样子。这笔贷款如果放出去，对我当月的业绩贡献会很大，但幸好没放出去，没过多久，业内就曝光这个老板在搞贷款诈骗。”小刘谈及往事仍心有余悸。

“after，Shenzhen songgang industrial zone of a capacitor do want to do factory has a large loan，The factory is about 3000 square meters，The boss says there are nearly workers。To factory found，From the door to the boss's office，Only an old man sitting casually factory gate。The machine is actually pretty much，But it has dust，Product inventory also very few。The boss made last year about nearly ten million yuan，But plant looks more like a lost millions of dollars of appearance。The loan if put out，That month to me the performance of contribution will be very big，But luckily didn't put out，Before long，The industry is the boss in make loan exposure fraud。”Xiao liu still jittery about the past。

　　小刘说：“虽然此前在工作中也曾遇到客户为获得贷款不择手段的情况，但从未像今年这样频繁出现。这类企业往往像王老板的工厂一样，对下游有没法收回的货款，对上游有无法偿付的欠款，只能寄望银行贷款维系资金周转。最近不少银行的同行也遇到了类似情况。”民营企业之间的资金环环相扣，如果一家企业无法付款，很可能引发“多米诺骨牌”效应。小刘表示，他所在银行对客户资质的审核愈发严格。

Xiao liu said：“Despite previously in the work also met customer for all get loans，But never like this year so frequent。This kind of enterprise often like the king the boss as factory，In the lower back can't have money，To have failed to pay the debts of the upstream，Can only hope that bank loans sustain capital flow。Recently many Banks also met with similar conditions。”The private enterprise of capital between the linked together，If a company can't pay，May cause a“dominoes”effect。Xiao liu said，In his bank to customers of the qualification review increasingly strict。

　　中国人民银行统计数据显示，7月人民币贷款增加5401亿元，创10个月以来新低，大幅低于市场预期。业内人士表示，在今年经济增速下滑的大背景下，一些粗放型、缺乏核心竞争力的企业难免被经济发展所淘汰。这些企业往往试图依靠城商行贷款、民间高利贷进行资金周转，但像小刘这样的信贷员宁愿不放款，也不愿承担收不回贷款的风险。

The people's bank of China statistical data shows，July RMB loans of up to $540.1 billion，And the lowest since 10 months，Significantly below market expectations。People in the industry say，This year economic growth in the background of the downturn，Some extensive、The lack of the core competitiveness of the enterprise economic development danger to be eliminated。The enterprise often try to rely on city business loans、Folk on usury capital flow，But such as xiao liu for the loan officer would rather not lending，Also does not want to assume the risk of back loans。