小额贷款公司上半年增长近千家，政策、监管滞后阻碍良性发展

Small loans in the first half of company growth nearly thousand，policy、Regulatory lag block benign development

　　小贷公司尴尬定位亟待改变

Small credit company embarrassed positioning prompt changes

　　本报记者 穆瑞

Our reporter MuRui

　　 小微企业融资难让小贷公司有了更大的成长空间。央行近日披露的数据显示，今年上半年小贷公司的数量增长迅速，由去年年底的4282家跃升至5267家，半年增加近千家。

Small micro enterprise financing difficult to let the small loan companies have more space to grow up。The central bank recently disclosed data display，In the first half of this year the number of small credit company rapid growth，By the end of last year's 4282 jumped to 5267，Half a year increase nearly thousand。

　　数据显示，上半年内蒙古、江苏和安徽的小贷公司增幅分列前三名，分别达到436家、430家和424家。贷款余额总量以江苏省、浙江省、内蒙古分列前三。

Data display，Inner Mongolia in the first half of、Jiangsu and anhui's small credit company growth were the top three，Reached 436、430 and 424。Total outstanding balance of the loans in jiangsu province、Zhejiang province、The clouds above have the sun shine i。

　　北京大学金融与产业发展研究中心秘书长黄嵩接受《中国企业报》记者采访时指出，这说明当前中国的金融体系的主力军银行、股票市场、债券市场，远远不能满足企业的融资需求，不能很好地为实体经济服务。小贷公司快速发展有利于解决中小微企业融资难题。目前的小额贷款公司还远远不够，监管机构应该加快小额贷款公司的审批。

Beijing university financial and industrial development research center, secretary general HuangSong accept《Chinese enterprises to》An interview with reporters pointed out，This shows that China's current financial system the main force of the bank、Stock market、Bond market，Far from meeting the enterprise financing demand，Can not very well for the real economy service。The rapid development of small loans to small and medium-sized enterprise financing difficult problem to solve micro。The current micro-credit company also not enough，Regulators should speed up the small loan company's approval。

　　小贷不“小” Small credit not“small”

　　国际上小贷公司的特点是小额和分散，单笔贷款一般在10万元以下。

International small credit company's characteristic is small and scattered，Single loan is in commonly 100000 yuan of the following。

　　然而中国的小贷公司大部分瞄准小微企业贷款，本来偏少的资本往往集中投放到几家中小企业。据悉，小贷公司自有资金通常在每年上半年就已基本发放，下半年则基本处于资金短缺阶段。

But China's small loan companies most aimed at small small enterprise loan，Originally partial less capital tends to be concentrated in a few small home。It is reported，Small credit company self-capital is usually in the first half of the year has been the basic issue，The second half was basically in a shortage of capital stage。

　　这样的经营方式不但使小贷企业的业务处于停滞状态，还使企业的客户资源始终无法提高，企业的自身管理、软硬件投入都缺乏动力。

This mode of operation not only make small credit enterprise business stagnant，Also make the enterprise customer resources always can't improve，Enterprise's management、Both software and hardware input are lack of power。

　　截至2012年6月末，全国共有小额贷款公司5267家，贷款余额4893亿元，上半年新增贷款977亿元。

By the end of June 2012，China had small loan company 5267，Loan balance is 489.3 billion yuan，New loans in the first half of 97.7 billion yuan。

　　“我们的小贷公司应该不叫小贷公司，而应该交贷款公司了。”中国小额信贷联盟理事长杜晓山接受《中国企业报》记者采访时指出，“按照国际上的主流说法，小额贷款单笔不高于本国或本地区人均GDP的2.5倍。在中国也就是10万元人民币，而我国的小贷公司目前单笔贷款平均100万元人民币，甚至很多都超过了500万元人民币。”

“Our little credit company should not let small credit company，And should make loan company。”China microfinance union chairman DuXiaoShan accept《Chinese enterprises to》An interview with reporters pointed out，“According to the international mainstream view，Microfinance single pen is not higher than national or regional GDP per capita 2.5 times。In China also is 100000 yuan RMB，And China's small loan companies currently single loan an average of 1 million yuan RMB，Many are even more than 5 million yuan RMB。”

　　身份尴尬再贷款无门 Identity embarrassment reloan locks

　　小额贷款公司从事的是金融服务业务，却被认定为一般工商企业，在法律诉讼、税收征缴、对外融资等方面难以享受和正规金融机构同等的待遇。既不能像农村信用社一样享受优惠政策，也不能像村镇银行、资金互助社、贷款公司等新型农村金融机构一样享受中央财政给予的定向费用补贴资金。同样，由于小贷公司没有金融机构的身份，无法获得央行的再贷款支持。

Small loan companies engaged in is financial services business，Has been identified as the general business enterprise，In legal proceedings、Tax collects pay、Foreign financing in difficult to enjoy and formal financial institutions equal treatment。Neither like as rural credit cooperatives enjoy preferential policy，Also can't like bank villages and towns、Mutual cooperative、Loan companies, such as the new type of rural financial institutions enjoy as the central finance given directional charge subsidy funds。The same，As a result of small loan companies did not the identity of the financial institutions，Unable to get the central bank's reloan support。

　　小贷公司的主要资金来源为股东缴纳的资本金、捐赠资金以及来自不超过两个银行业金融机构的融入资金。而根据相关规定，小贷公司从银行业金融机构获得的融入资金余额，不得超过资本净额的50%。

Small credit company's main source of funds to pay for shareholders of the capital、Donated funds and from no more than two of the banking financial institutions into the capital。According to relevant regulations，Small loan companies from financial institutions in the banking industry get into the fund balance，Shall not exceed 50% of net capital。

　　最紧迫的问题是，由于小贷公司“只能贷款不能存款”，资金来源有限，为数众多的小贷公司面临着“无米下锅”的窘境，后续资金匮乏。致使非法高息吸储、非法集资、老板跑路事件时有发生。

The most pressing issue is，As a result of small loan companies“Only loans can't deposit”，Capital source co., LTD.,，A large number of small loan companies face“No rice cooking”dilemma，Subsequent lack of money。The illegal tight XiChu、Illegal financing、The boss run road incidents。

　　今年以来，各地纷纷出台放松小额贷款公司融资比例的政策。7月，海南省出台的《关于深入推进小额贷款公司改革发展的若干意见》提出适度提高融资比例，即对于年度考评结果为优秀或良好的小贷公司，其融资比例最高放宽至资本净额的200%。此前，浙江省于2月出台的《浙江省小额贷款公司融资监管暂行办法》，将其融资比例上限由50%提至100%。

Since this year，Have all come to relax micro-credit company financing proportion of policy。July，Hainan province on the introduction of the《About advancing the small loan company's reform development certain opinions》Puts forward appropriate increase the financing scale，That is for the annual appraisal results for excellent or good little credit company，Its financing has the highest percentage of raised to 200% of the net capital。after，Zhejiang province issued on February《Zhejiang small loan company finance supervision interim measures》，Will its financing ratio from 50% to 100% limit mention。

　　国务院批准的温州金改总体方案中，明确提出加快发展新型金融组织，符合条件的小额贷款公司可依法改制为村镇银行。不过至今仍没有明确的政策细则对小贷公司的经营、管理和融资等作出全面的规定。

The approval of the state council of the wenzhou gold change in the overall scheme，Clearly put forward to speed up the development of new financial organizations，Meet the conditions of the petty loan company may, in accordance with law for restructuring village bank。But still no definite policy rules for small credit company's management、Management and financing to make comprehensive regulation。