主编： 熊曼琳 记者： 赵晟 摄像：樊金峰

editor: XiongManLin reporter: ZhaoSheng camera:FanJinFeng

　　一、投资遭遇壁垒，民营500强有喜有忧 a/Investment barriers to encounter,Private 500 strong mixed feelings

　　2012年8月30日，全国工商联发布了《2012中国民营企业500强调研分析报告》，报告指出，在过去的一段时间现代商业和物流领域，资源、能源等基础产业，金融服务领域成为民营企业500强进入最多的三大投资领域，分别有160家、156家和142家进入，而国防科技工业投资建设领域成为民营企业进入最少的行业，只有6家，政策性住房建设领域，文化、旅游和体育事业等其他领域也吸引了数十家民营企业进入。

On August 30, 2012,The national association of industry and commerce issued[2012 China top 500 private enterprise research analysis report],The report says,In the past period of time modern business and logistics field,resources/Energy and other basic industry,Financial services sector has become the top 500 private enterprises into the most three investment fields,There were 160/156 and 142 into,Defense science, technology and industry investment in the field of construction into a private enterprise into a minimum of industry,Only six,Policy housing construction field,culture/Tourism and sports undertakings and other areas also attracted dozens of private enterprise into.

　　报告显示，虽然“民间投资36条”扩大了民间资本的投资领域，但有高达51.8%的民营企业500强认为政府有关部门观念未扭转、对政策的执行不到位，38.8%的企业认为垄断行业的企业对新进入者有较大的抵触，33.4%的企业认为垄断行业门槛较高。

The report shows that,although"Article 36 folk investment"Expand the folk capital investment fields,But there is as high as 51.8% of the top 500 private enterprises believe that relevant government departments concept did not turn/To the implementation of policy does not reach the designated position,38.8% of the enterprise think monopoly industry enterprises to new entrants have larger conflict,33.4% of the enterprise think monopoly industries high threshold.

　　正泰集团股份有限公司董事长南存辉就表示，虽然自己盖了很多电站，但一直得不到销售权。7年前，南存辉决定从利润率越来越薄、市场竞争越来越激烈的电器制造领域转做能源，这样一方面可以延长企业的生产链条，拉动企业主产业的发展，另一方面也可以开拓一个新的盈利领域。经过多方考察，南存辉决定进军当时在国际上比较热门的太阳能发电产业。

Chengtai group co., LTD., chairman of the board NaCunHui said,Although oneself cover a lot of power station,But has been can not get power of sale.Seven years ago,NaCunHui decided from more and more thin profit margins/More and more intense market competition of electrical appliance manufacturing field turn do energy,On the one hand, can extend the enterprise production chain,Pull the business industry development,On the other hand can also develop a new field of profit.After many investigation,At that time NaCunHui decided to move into the international popular solar power industry.

　　南存辉投入了大量财力物力进行技术研发，并开始筹备在全国兴建太阳能电站，然而当时的中国清洁能源领域还是风电的天下，太阳能发电并没有得到相应的政策支持，尤其是在国际太阳能产业大肆扩张的时候，用于太阳能发电的多晶硅价格一路高歌猛进。2008年的时候用太阳能发一度电的价格竟然高达28块，远远高于上网电价。而南存辉根据国际经验兴建的位于楼台上的分步式电站又由于体制的原因无法直接卖给消费者。

NaCunHui put in a great deal of resources for technical research and development,And start planning for the construction of the solar power,But then China's clean energy field or wind power of the world,Solar power and didn't get the corresponding policy support,Especially in the international solar industry when aggressively expanding,Used for solar power polysilicon prices all the way rapid development.2008 use solar energy hair kilowatt-hour price was up to 28 block,The Internet is much higher than the price.And NaCunHui according to the international experience in the construction of the tower is located in the step by step power station and because the cause of the system cannot be sold directly to consumers.

　　南存辉透露，国家相关法规规定，只有国电公司，或者南网公司，可以合法售电，其他的公司不能买卖电，否则就是非法的，无法领到增值发票。南存辉现在已经做了很多的电站，但依旧不能卖电。

NaCunHui revealed,The relevant state regulations,Only guodian corp.,Or south network company,Can be lawful sale electricity,Other companies cannot sell electric,Otherwise it is illegal,Won't get value-added invoices.NaCunHui now have done a lot of power station,But still can't sell electric.

　　就在南存辉还在为太阳能产业的发展绞尽脑汁的时候，新华联(000620,股吧)集团的董事局主席傅军正在发愁如何使金融领域的投资有所突破。

In NaCunHui also for solar energy industry in the development of the rack one's brains,New hualian(000620,guba)The group's chairman of the board FuJun are worry about how to make a breakthrough in the field of finance investment.

　　新华联集团董事局主席傅军说，这些年来，他们始终想在经营领域有所突破。现在新华联集团已经投资有几个银行，基本上都是参股的形式。民营企业的经营理念需要突破，民营企业能不能做一个大股东，这是傅军和他的公司最近一直在考虑的问题。

New hualian group chairman of the board FuJun said,Over the years,They always want to in the business field a breakthrough.Now new hualian group has several investment bank,Basically all is in the form of equity participation.The private enterprise business philosophy need to break through,The private enterprise can do a big shareholders,This is FuJun and his company has recently been considering problems.

　　中国的金融领域一直对民间资本的控股问题有所限制，2012年5月26日，中国银监会《关于鼓励和引导民间资本进入银行业的实施意见》。将村镇银行主发起行的最低持股比例由前期的20%降低到15%，并允许民间资本全资控股农村金融机构。与此同时，另外一个消息也接踵而至，黑龙江省大兴安岭市将成立第一家农村商业银行，这个消息让傅军眼前一亮，他意识到，这将是一个参与银行控股的好机会。

China's financial sector on private capital has been the controlling problem is limited,On May 26, 2012,The China banking regulatory commission[About encouraging and guiding the folk capital into the banking of the implementation opinions].Will the Lord do village bank launched from the lowest shareholding ratio of 20% to 15%,And allow the folk capital wholly-owned holding rural financial institutions.meanwhile,Another news also follow,Da hinggan mountains in heilongjiang province city will establish the first a rural commercial bank,The news that FuJun shine at the moment,He realized that,This will be a good chance to participate in bank holding.

　　傅军知道这个信息以后，就马上找到了大兴安岭这家农村商业银行的董事长，想通过与董事长这个关键人物的接触，判断他有没有能力搞好农商行，以及思想是否足够解放到愿意让民营企业去做股东。而大兴安岭方面也同时在考察着新华联集团的持续增资能力和业务整合能力。傅军和董事长在北京进行了深入的交谈之后，告诉记者，农商行董事长对自己公司的投资项目表示兴趣，并认可民营企业投资对银行发展的作用。最终在傅军的努力之下，双方达成一致，傅军离自己的银行控股梦越来越近了。傅军也表示，现在来看，民营企业投资做股东政府还是比较支持，推进很快，跟大兴安岭的合作非常有希望，他也表示了重组大兴安岭农村商业银行以后，会全力以赴搞好民营企业的金融领域。

FuJun know this information later,Immediately found the greater hinggan mountains the rural commercial bank chairman of the board,Want to pass with the President the key figure of the contact,Judge his ability do a good job in agricultural businesses,As well as the thought liberation enough to want to let the private enterprise to do shareholders.Da hinggan mountains and also at the same time in examining the new hualian group for capital increase ability and business integration ability.FuJun and chairman of the board of directors in Beijing after further conversation,Told reporters,Agriculture firm to the chairman of his own company interested in investment projects,And approved private enterprises investment on bank development role.Finally, in FuJun effort,Both sides agreed,FuJun from his bank holding dream more and more close.FuJun also said,Now let's have a look at,The private enterprise investment do shareholders or compare the government support,Propulsion soon,With the cooperation of da hinggan mountains is hope,He also says the da hinggan mountains restructuring after the rural commercial bank,Will go all out private enterprises do a good job in financial field.

　　傅军的好运气似乎也传递给了正泰集团的南存辉，金融危机使得欧美国家光伏产业急剧萎缩，多晶硅产能出现严重过剩，价格暴跌80%，这一下子使得光伏发电的成本大大降低。国家也开始陆续推出政策，对太阳能上网电价实行补贴，并以合同能源管理的方式，鼓励企业兴建太阳能电站。

FuJun good luck also seems to be transferred to the chengtai group NaCunHui,Financial crisis makes the European and American countries photovoltaic industry shrink dramatically,Polysilicon production capacity severe excess,Price has plummeted 80%,This suddenly makes photovoltaic power generation cost greatly reduced.Countries also began releasing policy,The power of solar energy subsidies,And with the contract energy management way,Encourage enterprises to build solar power station.

　　正泰太阳能科技有限公司副总裁仇展炜说，公司自己发出来的电，可以自己消化了，每度电可以卖到一块零二，这样实际上拿到了国家50%的补助，这个电站的模式，实际上就是盈利的，大概十年左右就能收回投资。

Chengtai solar energy technology co., LTD. Vice President scores show Hui said,The company make an to electricity,Can the digestion,Per KWH can sell to a piece of -,Actually got the country's 50% subsidy,The power station mode,In fact is profitable,About ten years to recover the investment.

　　根据全国工商联的报告，截至2011年，民营企业500强中已有163家企业捷足先登，在国家发改委积极推动的七大战略性新兴产业开展实质性投资，销售净利率、资产净利率分别达到5.04%、5.63%，均高于未进入战略性新兴产业的企业0.42个百分点、0.05个百分点。这些民营企业投资战略性新兴产业的积极性与政府鼓励支持不无关系。《报告》显示，高达40.6%的企业表示，选择进入新兴产业是政府鼓励支持。

According to the national association of industry and commerce of the report,By the end of 2011,In the top 500 private enterprises more than 163 enterprises the early bird catches the worm,In the national development and reform commission (NDRC) actively promote the seven major strategic emerging industry to carry out substantial investment,Net interest rate of the sale and/Assets net interest rate reached 5.04%/5.63%,Are higher than did not enter the strategic emerging industry enterprise 0.42%/0.05%.These private enterprise investment strategic emerging industry's enthusiasm and the government is to encourage and support relationship.[The report]display,Up to 40.6% of the enterprise said,Choosing to enter emerging industry is to encourage and support the government.

　　二、主业行业低迷，投资实现民营企业转型 two/Main industry downturn,To realize the transformation investment private enterprises

　　在我们的记者调查中也发现，在一些目前低迷的行业，一些民企通过转变投资方向实现企业转型升级。新华联集团董事局主席傅军告诉记者，近两年国家宏观调控使得房地产市场的热情迅速冷却下来，而房地产是新华联集团的主要产业之一，现在他们不得不考虑投资方向的转变。

In our reporter investigation also found,In some of the industry downturn at present,Some of the corporation through the transformation investment direction to realize the transformation and upgrading of enterprises.New hualian group chairman of the board FuJun told reporters,Nearly two years of national macro adjustment and control makes the real estate market enthusiasm rapid cooling down,And the real estate is the new hualian group is one of the major industry,Now they have to consider the change of investment direction.

　　目前新华联正在安徽、湖南投资(000548,股吧)一百多亿兴建旅游、文化地产项目，希望能通过发展方向的转型给企业带来新的成长空间。公司准备从过去90%做住宅，10%是做商业，调整突破到未来一半搞住宅，50%搞商业、文化地产。

The present new hualian is anhui/Hunan investment(000548,guba)One hundred more than build tourism/Culture real estate projects,Hope can through the transformation of the development direction for enterprise to bring the new growth space.The company is ready to 90% from the past do house,10% is to do business,Adjust breakthrough to future half make residential,50% make business/Cultural property.

　　除了新华联，正在进行投资转型的还有新奥集团，其实早在2004年，新奥集团就已经从城市燃气运营商向煤气生产商进行过一次转型升级，并计划在全国多个省份投巨资建造生产基地，然而，2008年金融危机的爆发让新奥集团股份有限公司董事局主席王玉锁看到了如此大规模进军能源领域的危险，从那时开始他便在考虑投资方向的转型。

In addition to the new hualian,In the transformation of the investment and the new Austrian group,In fact as early as in 2004,The new Austrian group had from city gas operators to gas producers to a transformation and upgrade,And plan in the national provinces invested a huge sum of money to build production base,however,The outbreak of the financial crisis in 2008 for the new Austrian group co., LTD., chairman of the board WangYuSuo saw such a large-scale energy field to the danger,From then on he was considering investment direction transformation.

　　在仔细考量后，王玉锁觉得，凭借企业多年积累的技术经验和研发能力，让新奥再进行一次从能源的生产商向提供能源解决方案的综合服务商转型，不但可能会给企业带来新的市场和利润空间，还会为各大能源消费主体节约大量的资金和能源消耗。

After carefully in consideration,WangYuSuo think,With enterprise accumulated for many years of technical experience and research and development ability,Let the new Austrian for another from energy producers to provide energy solutions transformation of integrated service providers,Not only may give enterprise to bring the new market and profit space,Also for each big energy consumption subject to save a lot of money and energy consumption.

　　在新奥集团斥巨资打造的生态园，新奥集团泛能技术中心项目经理王成向我们介绍了新奥集团的能源解决方案的实际应用。在这样的一个泛能站中，有四种方式可以获得热能，分别是地热、太阳能、燃气、和周边的企业园区所产生的废热，王成告诉记者，通过公司自己研制的泛能台，对它的经济型，能效型和结构环保等指标进行分析和研究，然后决策在什么时段用什么样的供热方式更加经济和高效。将这些能源合理配置以达到节约成本的目的，是新奥集团能源解决方案中的关键一环。

In the new Olympic group to denounce is gigantic endowment ecology,The new Austrian group flood can technology center project manager wang cheng to introduce us the new Olympic group energy solutions to the practical application.In such a flood can stand in,There are four ways to get heat,Respectively is geothermal/solar/gas/And peripheral enterprises park generated waste heat,Wang cheng told reporters,Through the company developed flood can table,To its economy,Energy efficiency type and structure of the environmental protection index analysis and research,Then what time decision-making in what kind of heating way more economic and efficient.The rational allocation of energy in order to achieve the purpose of cost savings,Is the new Austrian group energy solutions of a key ring.

　　根据《2012中国民营企业调研分析报告》，立足主业发展的民营企业占被调研企业数量的占74%，其中表示坚持主业的为11%，向关联行业和其它行业适度投资发展的分别占29.2%和39.2%。资源、能源等基础产业成为未来3年民营企业500强首选的投资领域。

According to[2012 Chinese private enterprise research analysis report],Based on the main industry development of private enterprise of research enterprise number of 74%,The said adhere to advocate course of study is 11%,To the correlation industry and other industry the development of appropriate investment account for 29.2% and 39.2% respectively.resources/Energy and other basic industry become the future 3 years top 500 private enterprises preferred investment fields.

　　全国工商联主席黄孟复认为，这个数据反映出制造业的状况不太乐观，虽然现在制造业的利润的下降超过了其他行业利润的下降，利润处于相对比较低的水平，所以作为独立的民营企业会考虑撤出制造业。但是制造业是中国的根本，政府会给予大力支持。困难的时候企业得挺住，不能撤出来，将来后面就会有大的发展前景。黄孟复期望，在市场经济的大潮中，能有一大批民营企业有这样的眼光，不要过于短视。

The national association of industry and commerce chairman HuangMengFu think,The figures reflect manufacturing status not too optimistic,Although now manufacturing profit fell more than other industry profits decline,Profits in a relatively low level,So as an independent private enterprises will consider out of manufacturing.But manufacturing is China's fundamental,The government will give strong support.Difficulties enterprise have to hold on,Cannot withdraw to,Back in the future will have big development prospects.HuangMengFu expect,In the tide of market economy,Can have a large number of private enterprises have this in mind,Don't be myopia.

　　三、多方支持，助力民营企业腾飞 three/Polytropic support,Booster private enterprise boom

　　《新36条》鼓励民间企业走出去，记者也了解到，为了促进民间投资，许多部门与单位都在为民营企业提供便利。

[Article 36 new]Encourage private enterprises to go out,Reporters also learned,In order to promote private investment,Many departments and units for the private enterprises to provide convenient.

　　一位正在民生银行洽谈贷款事宜的贸易商马经理告诉记者，去年正是在民生银行的大力支持之下，他们企业才顺利完成了一个数亿美元的海外矿产资源（焦煤）并购大案。而像去年的这种项目，主焦煤市场在国际市场上都是比较稀缺的，竞标的公司很多。当时给收购留的时间也只有一个月。若不是民生银行的支持，公司完成并购会吃力很多。

A is the people's livelihood bank negotiation loan traders horse manager told reporters,Last year it is in the people's livelihood bank under the strong support,They enterprise just successfully completed a hundreds of millions of dollars of overseas mineral resources(Coking coal)M&a major.And like last year's this project,Main coking coal market in the international market are relatively scarce,Completing the company a lot.At that time he gave acquisition leave time only a month.If not minsheng bank support,The company completed mergers and acquisitions will be difficult many.

　　民生银行贸易金融事业部总裁林治洪说，如今中国企业走出去并购和收购的案子越来越多，国家在政策上也给进行跨国收购的企业提供越来越多的便利，民生银行和政府部门也开展了许多合作，为民营企业走出去提供更多的金融支持。

Minsheng bank trade finance division President LinZhiHong said,Now Chinese enterprises go out merger and acquisition case more and more,Countries in the policy also give for multinational acquisition of enterprises to provide more and more convenient,Minsheng bank and the government also has carried out many cooperation,For the private enterprise to go out to provide more financial support.

　　黄孟复告诉记者，全国工商联现在跟很多家的银行签订了战略合作意向，推荐大型的民营企业作为全国工商联和银行的战略合作伙伴，银行也非常欢迎这种合作。他还透露，今年我国海外收购、兼并和海外的投资市场等比较大的项目已经做了45个，金额达到了将近30个亿美金。

HuangMengFu told reporters,The national association of industry and commerce now with a lot of home bank signed a strategic cooperation intention,Recommend large private enterprise as the national association of industry and commerce and bank strategic cooperation partner,The bank is also very welcome this cooperation.He also revealed,This year our country overseas acquisitions/Merger and overseas investment market larger projects have done 45,Amount reached nearly 30 dollars.

　　根据全国工商联发布的《2012中国民营企业调研分析报告》，2011年民营企业500强中进行重大项目投产的有267家，占比为53.4%，其次为重大技术突破，有98家，占比19.6%，还有66家、43家、32家和26家企业发生了国内并购、重大资产重组、国际并购及上市等重大事件，民营企业的销售额增长达到33%，民营企业资产的增长达到了32%，民间投资在中国经济整体投资中的比重也在逐步加大。

According to the national association of industry and commerce issued[2012 Chinese private enterprise research analysis report],In 2011 in the top 500 private enterprises major project put into production with 267,Accounted for more than 53.4%,Next to a major breakthrough,There are 98 home,Accounted for more than 19.6%,There are 66/And home/32 home and 26 enterprises have the domestic m&a/Material assets reorganization/International merger and acquisition and listed major events,Private enterprise sales growth of 33%,The growth of the private enterprise assets reached 32%,Private investment in China's economy the proportion of the overall investment in step by step.

　　不过我们还要看到来自全国工商联的另一组统计数字， 2011年中国民营企业500强利润之和仅仅为工行、建行、中行、农行、交行等五大银行利润总额的七成。而由中国企业联合会、中国企业家协会发布的“2012中国企业500强榜单”上，前30名都是国有企业。几个数字对比，我们看到实际上民营企业所拥有的财富还是微乎其微。

But we also see from the national association of industry and commerce of another group of statistics, In 2011 China top 500 private enterprises of profit only for icbc/CCB/boc/Agriculture bank/Five in the seventy percent of the total amount of bank profits.And by the China enterprise confederation/Chinese entrepreneurs association released"2012 China top 500 enterprises list"on,First 30 names are state-owned enterprise.Several digital contrast,We see in fact private enterprises have wealth or very little.

　　所以，在未来一方面我们要鼓励民营企业进入能源、金融等垄断行业，用民间的力量来进行市场的自我调节，使民间资本更好地发挥其主动性和创造性，平衡中国经济的发展结构。

so,In the future, on the one hand, we want to encourage private enterprise into energy/Finance and other monopoly industry,With the power of folk to market the self-adjustment,Make the folk capital to better play to the initiative and creativity,Balance the development of China's economy structure.

　　另一方面需要各级政府部门积极配合中央的经济政策，让新36条细则能够真正落到实处，更重要的是相关部门是否愿意将利益拱手相让。只有扫清这个障碍，将准入门槛逐一细化、可操作，民营企业才有可能穿越弹簧门，谋求更大的发展。

On the other hand, need to government departments at all levels actively cooperate with the central economic policy,Let the new 36 rules can exemptions,More important is related departments would like to will benefit with both hands.and reaching.Only clear the this obstacle,One will access threshold refinement/operational,The private enterprise is possible through the swing door,Seek greater development.