身为泉州市政府金融办主任的陈爱国，这段时间最头痛的事就是如何应付记者们的采访——记者都希望从他嘴里捕捉“金融改革”哪怕丁点儿消息。

As quanzhou government financial services office director Chen ai-guo,This paragraph of time is the most headache thing is how to deal with the reporters interview - journalists from his mouth hope to capture"Financial reform"Even a tiny bit news.

　　继温州和珠江三角洲后，泉州有望成为第三个国家级的金融综改试验区。

The pearl river delta wenzhou and after,Quanzhou is expected to become the third national financial heddle change test site.

　　陈爱国接受本报记者采访时，他反复强调：“我们怎么面对媒体，领导也有一些具体的要求。”

Chen ai-guo accepting our newspaper reporter to interview,He repeatedly:"How do we face the media,Leadership also has some specific requirements."

　　这基本是当地所有官员的口径。泉州市发改局经济体制改革科的负责人陈爱国给本报记者的回应是：“金融改革是市政府发起的，由市政府下属的金融办在执行，不是发改局在操作。”所以不愿透露其他消息。

The basic is all local officials caliber.Quanzhou hair change bureau economic system reform in charge of the department to our reporter Chen ai-guo response is:"Financial reform is initiated by the municipal government,By the municipal government subordinate financial do in the execution,Not the change bureau in the operation."So does not wish to disclose other news.

　　这给外界的感受是；在金改这个议题上，似乎每个泉州政府官员都畏惧触碰某根神秘的“底线”——或许这种谨慎态度来自于泉州此刻正站在“金改”关键的十字路口，前景未卜。

This feeling is to the outside world;In gold change on this topic,Seems to each quanzhou government officials are afraid of touching a root mysterious"Bottom line"- perhaps the cautious attitude from quanzhou is now standing in"Gold change"Key crossroads,Prospect is uncertain.

　　今年8月初，泉州金改方案上报国务院一事浮出水面。据《华夏时报》报道，实际上该方案今年3月就已由泉州上报福建省，并很快转报国务院。

Early August this year,Quanzhou gold change plan submitted to the state council's surface.According to[The Chinese times]reports,In fact the scheme in March this year has been reported by quanzhou of fujian province,And soon message switching the state council.

　　5月，也即泉州上报方案之后，福建省出台《关于金融服务实体经济发展十一条措施的通知》明确提出，推动泉州国家金融服务实体经济综合改革试验区建设。

may,Namely quanzhou report after scheme,Introduced in fujian province[About financial service entity economic development article 11 measures notice]Clearly put forward,Promote quanzhou national financial service entity economic comprehensive reform pilot area construction.

　　让泉州对金改方案低调的一个原因是，2012年3月28日，国务院常务会议批准实施《浙江省温州市金融综合改革试验区总体方案》，此举诱发了很多地方政府的申请冲动，例如内蒙古鄂尔多斯(600295,股吧)、湖南长沙等地都准备申请国家的金改试验区，并且纷纷向国家递交了金改方案，热情很高。为此国家相关部委很审慎，不希望对此进行炒作。

Let the quanzhou to gold to plan low-key one reason is,On March 28, 2012,The state council executive meeting for approval[Zhejiang wenzhou financial comprehensive reform pilot area overall scheme],This induced a lot of local government application impulse,Such as Inner Mongolia erdos(600295,guba)/Hunan changsha, etc are going to apply for national gold to test site,And have submitted to the national gold change scheme,Enthusiasm high.Therefore the relevant state ministries and commissions is very prudent,Don't want to hype.

　　虽然陈爱国再三表示目前不便于对外透露金改方案申请过程，但他认为：“泉州实体经济需要金融支持，有本身改革的内生动力和现实需求。”

Although Chen ai-guo repeatedly said that at present not facilitate foreign revealed gold change plan application process,But he thinks:"Quanzhou entity economy needs financial support,Have itself reform of endogenous power and realistic demand."

　　主动变，还是被动改？

Active variable,Or passive change?

　　作为福建省三大中心城市之一，泉州经济总量已连续11年名列全省首位，民营企业数量众多，以中小企业为主，总数达6万余家。同时，民间借贷十分活跃，被国家列入民间融资十大重点监测地区。

As one of the three major cities in fujian province center,Quanzhou total economic output has for 11 consecutive years ranked the first,Numerous private enterprises,Mainly to small and medium-sized enterprises,Total more than 60000.At the same time,Folk lending is very active,By the national folk financing listed in the top ten key monitoring area.

　　据保守估计，泉州民间沉淀的资金有4000亿元。2008年10月，当福建省首家小额贷款公司试点经营至今，泉州已发展出了14家小额贷款公司，目前还有4家公司获批筹建。泉州市总共4万多家工业企业中，90%以上为中小企业，但其中与银行有信用关系的企业仅占1/4。这就是说还有近3万家中小企业未能从银行获得贷款——只能通过民间渠道解决融资需求。

According to conservative estimates,Quanzhou folk precipitation capital 400 billion yuan.In October 2008,When the first micro-credit company in fujian province pilot operation so far,Quanzhou has developed out of the 14 home small loan companies,At present, there are also four companies approved preparation.Quanzhou city a total of more than 40000 home in industrial enterprises,More than 90% of small and medium-sized enterprises,But some of them and the bank credit relations enterprise accounts for only a quarter.This means that there are nearly 3 of small and medium-sized enterprise fails to obtain loan from the bank, can only be through the folk channel solution financing needs.

　　华侨大学工商管理学院陈金龙教授也呼应了政府的说法，他认为在中国三个民营经济和制造业最发达地区中，温州和东莞经济都已经出现了很大问题，泉州的情况相比前者，境况略微“好一些”。“温州资本从制造业抽出来比较早，投入到各种资本运作和房地产方面，刚好最近资本运作出了问题，房地产也出了问题。很多资本被抽到虚拟经济中去了，所以就比较早出问题。其次，东莞是"两头"在外，即它的原材料在外，市场也在外，受外界制约较大，金融危机时受到了很大影响。”

Overseas Chinese university college of business administration to ChenJinLong professor also echo the government's statement,He think in China, the three private economy and the manufacturing industry in the developed areas,Wenzhou and dongguan economy have appeared very big problem,Quanzhou situation compared to the former,Situation slightly"better"."Wenzhou capital from manufacturing to take early,Into all kinds of capital operation and real estate,Just recently capital operation out of the question,Real estate is out of the question.A lot of capital is then pumped to the virtual economies,So the problem earlier.secondly,The dongguan is"Two head"out,Is it out of raw materials,Market also out,Restricted by the outside world larger,The financial crisis is affected significantly."

　　泉州市政府金融办主任陈爱国认为跟温州高利贷危机倒逼出来的金改不同，泉州是“主动寻求”——它不想继续上演温州的故事。“2004年以后，泉州受到了人民币升值、国家出口退税方面的影响，完全出口、低附加值产业在那时就开始慢慢调整了。到现在为止，泉州重要特色就是产业链比较完整，有人说是十大产业集群，例如水暖、运动品牌、纺织……这些已形成集群效应的产品，大部分都是内销的，不全以外销为主，这使得受国际经济气候影响稍微小一点。”陈金龙说。

Quanzhou government financial do director Chen ai-guo think with wenzhou usury crisis DaoBi out different gold change,Quanzhou is"Active seek"-- it don't want to continue on the story of wenzhou."2004 years later,Quanzhou is the appreciation of the renminbi/National export tax rebate effects,Completely export/Low value-added industry then began to slowly adjusted.So far,Quanzhou important characteristics is relatively complete industrial chain,Some say ten big industry cluster,Such as water/Sports brand/Textile...These has formed cluster effect products,Most of them are of sale in domestic market,Not all give priority to with export,This makes by international economic climate affect a little bit a little bit small."ChenJinLong said.

　　即便如此，泉州中小企业依然要面对接踵而至的问题；银行和民间资本同时拧紧水龙头，人工、原材料价格上涨、人民币汇率、欧债危机、海外市场竞争等。更可怕的是，2012年开始出现罕见的“订单荒”。

Even so,Quanzhou small and medium-sized enterprises still have to face more problems;Banks and private capital and tighten the faucet,artificial/Raw material prices/RMB exchange rate/The debt crisis/Overseas market competition, etc.Is more terrible,In 2012 began to appear rare"Order drought".

　　危机催生了改革，严峻的形势让泉州政府和工商界形成共识——泉州民营企业须“二次创业”。近年来，福建省政府和泉州市政府一直想着如何用资本和金融手段，包括陆续出台了配套政策，有效地推动“二次创业”。

Crisis led to the reform,Severe situation for quanzhou government and the business community consensus - quanzhou private enterprise must"Start a new undertaking".In recent years,Quanzhou city in fujian province, the government and the government has been thinking about how to use capital and financial means,Including has promulgated a supporting policies,Effectively promote"Start a new undertaking".

　　陈金龙教授认为在“二次创业”的转型过程中，注定部分企业将退出制造业的历史舞台，这就意味着泉州地区民间闲置资金能“抽出来了”。

ChenJinLong professors think in"Start a new undertaking"In the process of transformation,Destined part of the enterprise will exit the historical stage of manufacturing industry,This means that the quanzhou area folk idle fund can"out".

　　根据一项统计数据显示，2012年1-7月，泉州小额贷款公司累计为中小企业发放贷款总额82.94亿元。

According to a statistics data show,2012 1 - July,Quanzhou small loans to small and medium-sized enterprise the company total loans of 8.294 billion yuan.

　　陈金龙说：“为什么需要改革？就是因为原来没这条通道，或者通道很窄。民间资本以前都是通过地下钱庄、私人借贷方式进入企业，这很不规范，风险很大，造成市场利率偏高。让正规想做产业的企业没法用这笔资金，年利率百分之二三十，现在企业利润率哪有这么高？”

ChenJinLong said:"Why there is a need to reform?Because the original is not this aisle,Or channel is very narrow.The folk capital before is through the underground/Private financing way into the enterprise,This is not standard,The risk is very big,Cause market interest rates on the high side.Make regular want to do industry enterprise can use the money,Of the annual rate of 30,Now the enterprise profit margin which have so high?"

　　泉州经贸委中小企业科科长曾源福在接受记者采访时说：“现在民间借贷的成本很高，有了金改后，虽然比银行高，但是比民间的相对会好一点。我们下去企业了解了一下，他们反映的还是融资比较难。特别是现在经济不景气，企业之间互相拖欠的现象也比较多。货款延迟两三个月再给你，流动资金的压力就很大了。我们很希望国务院能把金融改革试验区给批下来。”

Quanzhou economic and trade commission small and medium-sized enterprise superintendent of CengYuan blessing when accepting a reporter to interview:"Now the folk the cost of borrowing is very high,A gold after the change,Although high than Banks,But than folk relative would be a little bit better.Let us go down enterprises to know about,They reflect or financing difficult.Especially now economic downturn,Enterprise each other between the phenomenon of default is more also.Delay in payment for two or three months to give you,Liquidity pressure is very big.We want the state council can make financial reform pilot area for batch of down."

　　他对未来金融改革给予的希望是：“金融改革看能不能在村镇银行方面给我们有什么突破，放开一点。”

On his future financial reform give hope is:"Financial reform can see the bank villages and towns to we have a breakthrough,Let go a little."

　　“现在政策可能会倾斜一点，但是后面怎么样也要看大环境，这个不好说。”泉州市鲤城区汇鑫小额贷款公司负责人阮岑说。他所在的公司成立于2010年，由福建七匹狼集团有限公司等13个知名企业及个人出资组建而成，注册资本3亿元。

"Now policy may be tilted a little,But how about behind also should see environment,This is bad to say."Quanzhou carp city exchange xin micro-credit company chief nguyen cen said.His company was founded in 2010,By fujian septwolves group co., LTD. 13 famous enterprise and individual contributive establish and become,Registered capital of 300 million yuan.

　　如果此次金改通过，意味着像七匹狼这样泉州传统企业将成为资本权贵，现在拥有现金流的大公司纷纷瞄上了这块“蛋糕”。

If the gold changed through,Means like septwolves such quanzhou traditional enterprise will become capital dignitaries as their agents,Now have cash flow of big companies are on the aim"cake".

　　要政策，还是要改革？

To policy,Or to reform?

　　目前泉州金改方案的内容主要涵盖三个部分，分别是解决民间资本出路问题、引进港澳台金融资本和吸引银行等金融机构入驻。但因为泉州市政府相关部门的守口如瓶，所以迄今为止公众无从获知该方案更细致的内容。

At present quanzhou gold to plan the main content covers three parts,Respectively is to solve the folk capital outlet problem/Introduction of Hong Kong, Macao and financial capital and attract Banks and other financial institutions established.But because of the quanzhou city government related department mouth shut,So far the public don't learn this scheme more detailed content.

　　今年5月，福建省政府出台的《关于金融服务实体经济发展十一条措施的通知》，该《通知》从某种程度也为泉州金改提供了一个方向。

In may this year,The release of a government of fujian province[About financial service entity economic development article 11 measures notice],this[notice]From some kind of degree also for quanzhou gold to provide a direction.

　　该《通知》要求，支持泉州市在国家批准设立国家金融服务实体经济综合改革试验区之前自行先试先行，推动在福建设立机构的金融机构全部在泉州设立分支机构，引导已在泉州设立机构的金融机构扩大在县域的网点覆盖面；推动外资银行在泉州设立营业性机构或代表处；支持泉州开展“区域集优债务融资模式”试点，扩大泉州债券融资规模，发展各类股权投资基金；试点开展民间融资登记管理制度，适时出台民间融资管理办法，服务泉州民营企业二次创业。

this[notice]requirements,Quanzhou support in the national approved by national financial service entity economic comprehensive reform pilot area before to try first,Push in fujian establishments of all financial institutions set up branches in quanzhou,Guide has set up a file in the quanzhou an organization's financial institutions to expand the county in the network coverage;Promote foreign bank in quanzhou to establish commercial institutions or representative office;Support in quanzhou"Regional set optimal debt financing mode"pilot,Expand the quanzhou bond financing scale,The development of all kinds of equity funds;To carry out pilot folk financing registration management system,Timely issued folk financing management measures,Service quanzhou private enterprise start a new undertaking.

　　这个《通知》，被认为是泉州金改方案的主框架。

this[notice],Considered quanzhou gold change plan's main frame.

　　福建金融系统一位要求匿名的官员见过这套金改方案，他向本报记者透露，这套方案一共从八大方面着手，即建立服务实体化经济多元化的组织体系；加大对中小微企业的金融支持力度；提升农村金融服务；加强泉台港澳侨金融合作；规划发展民间融资；扩大直接融资规模；强化保险的功能；风险防控。

Fujian unified finance condition of anonymity officials met the gold to plan,He revealed to our reporter,The total scheme from eight aspects,Namely, to establish service materialization economic diversified organization system;To increase the small and medium-sized micro enterprise financial support;Improve the rural financial service;Strengthen financial cooperation overseas QuanTai Hong Kong and Macao;Planning the development of folk financing;To expand the scale of direct financing;Strengthen the function of the insurance;Risk prevention and control.

　　“有点像大杂烩，少了一种味道。”这是上述官员看完此方案的感受。

"A bit like a mixed bag,Less of a sense of taste."This is the official finish see this plan feelings.

　　他判断这套方案可能是泉州当地各部门的合作成果，如人民银行、银监局、证监局、保监局等部门各写一块，拼凑出了这套金改方案。

He judge this scheme may be quanzhou local departments cooperation achievements,Such as people's bank of/Silver inspect bureau/Securities regulatory bureau/The bureau and other departments each writing a block,Piece together out of the gold to plan.

　　他认为，仅从金改方案的角度，泉州比起温州的方案而言，最大缺点是“目标不明确”，温州金改的目标很明确——解决民间借贷阳光化。

He thinks,Only from gold to the point of view of the scheme,Quanzhou than wenzhou's plan for,The greatest of faults is"Goal is not clear",Wenzhou gold change goal is very clear - solve folk lending sunshine change.

　　事实上，泉州已经开始效仿温州的改革模式，在民间借贷阳光化上有所作为，推动设立民间借贷登记服务中心。

In fact,Quanzhou have begun to follow the example of wenzhou's reform mode,In the folk lending sunshine change somewhat as,Promote the establishment of folk loan registration service center.

　　泉州市政府曾想通过金改建立三个体系，即组织体系、市场体系和创新体系，但在方案出来后，这三个体系也并没体现出来。

Quanzhou government wanted to through the gold to build three system,Namely organization system/Market system and innovation system,But in the plan out,These three systems have not reflected.

　　“组织体系怎么做，市场体系怎么做，创新体系怎么做？这些都没有明确的目标。”

"Organization system how to do,Market system to do,Innovation system to do?These all have no clear goals."

　　在福建金融系统这位官员看来，泉州目前最大困难不是金改本身的困难，而第一步是该方案是否能顺利通过审批。

In fujian financial system the official looks,Quanzhou the biggest difficulties is not gold to the difficulty of itself,And the first step is the scheme can smoothly through the examination and approval.

　　泉州金改推出后，也是众说纷纭，甚至有观点认为泉州此举更像是“这是政治家做的改革，而不是银行家做的改革”，意为在向国家要政策。

Quanzhou gold change after launch,Is opinions vary,Even with a view quanzhou more like this"This is a politician of reform,Rather than bankers do reform",Meaning to the country to policy.

　　对于泉州金改而言，未来的一切都充满了不确定，它只能安静等待最后审批。

For quanzhou gold for change,All of the future is full of uncertainties,It can only be quiet waiting for the final approval.