CUBN 记者 温艺晗 北京报道

CUBN reporter WenYiHan reports from Beijing

　　飞机、远洋船舶也能租赁？是的，这不是天方夜谭。近日，记者从上海综合保税区融资租赁产业发展推进会上获悉，目前，综保区运作的租赁资产包括35架民航客机、6架直升机、4艘远洋船舶以及飞机发动机等大型设备，资产价值总额达25亿美元。仅今年上半年，综保区就新引进了8家境内外融资租赁母公司和50家SPV项目公司，新增累计注册资本总额已逾32亿元人民币，形成了一个项目入驻的小高潮。

The plane/Ocean vessel can lease?yes,This is not fiction.recently,Reporter from the Shanghai composite bonded area financial leasing industry development promote that meeting,At present,Harness the area the operation of the leased assets including 35 frame civil aviation passenger plane/6 helicopter/4 ship ocean ships and aircraft engine and other large equipment,The total asset value of $2.5 billion.Only in the first half of this year,Harness the area will introduce new 8 family circumstances inside and outside financing lease parent company and 50 home SPV the project company,New accumulative total registered capital has more than 3.2 billion yuan RMB,Formed a project in small high tide.

　　打造全国租赁产业特别功能区

Make the national leasing industry special functional areas

　　《中国联合商报》记者了解到，上海融资租赁产业作为仅次于银行信贷的金融支柱产业，已占据了全球投融资市场近三分之一的份额。它以资金为纽带，将金融、贸易、航运等要素市场紧密结合，对中国经济的转型、创新和发展极具战略意义。

[China joint commercial daily]The reporter understands,Shanghai financial leasing industry as second only to bank credit financial pillar industry,Has dominated the global investment and financing market nearly a third of share.It with capital as the link,Will financial/trade/Shipping and factor market closely,Of China's economic transformation/Innovation consciousness and have strategic significance.

　　9月初，国内首单融资租赁保税船舶登记业务在上海综合保税区内获得相关证书，国内第一个融资租赁“外汇信贷资金池”在上海综保区正式启动贷款业务。同时，上海综保区新一批引进的境内外融资租赁公司和SPV项目公司也获得营业执照——这意味着，上海全力打造的全国租赁产业特别功能区获得重要推进。

In early September,Domestic first single financing lease bonded ship registration business in Shanghai comprehensive bonded area, access to relevant certificate,The first national finance lease"Foreign exchange capital credit pool"In Shanghai harness the area official start loan business.At the same time,Shanghai harness the area a new batch of imported financing at home and abroad leasing company and SPV project company also obtain business license - this means,Shanghai makes with all one's strength the lease industry special functional area obtain important propulsion.

　　记者了解到，上海综合保税区的融资租赁业务自2010年启动以来，上海综合保税区融资租赁产业先后创造了多个“全国第一”。

The reporter understands,Shanghai comprehensive free trade zone the financing lease business since the 2010 years since the launch,Shanghai comprehensive free trade zone finance lease industry has created more"The first".

　　在业务模式方面，2010年7月交银租赁与春秋航空的首架“空客A320”民航客机，在浦东机场综合保税区完成交付，成为全国第一单以租赁方式报关进口的单机融资租赁业务。

In the business model,In July 2010 pay silver lease and in the spring and autumn airlines of the first frame"Airbus A320"Civil aviation passenger,Comprehensive free trade zone in pudong airport complete delivery,Become the first single means of tenancy with customs import of single financing lease business.

　　在项目引进方面，上海综合保税区率先成为国内第一批规范化设立外资融资租赁SPV项目的试点地区，先后引进了国内保税地区第一家境外专业融资租赁公司--美国威利斯项目和国内注册资金最大的融资租赁公司——华夏租赁（注册资金为100亿元人民币）。

The project introduce aspects,Shanghai comprehensive free trade zone take the lead in becoming the first batch of standardization of foreign-funded lease financing SPV project pilot areas,Has introduced the domestic bonded area the first a foreign professional lease finance company -- the United States Willis project and domestic registered capital of the largest financial leasing company, the Chinese leasing(The registered capital is 10 billion yuan RMB).

　　在产业配套方面，上海市发改委等6家单位共同发布的《关于推进上海综合保税区开展融资租赁业务试点的复函》，成为国内第一个融资租赁实务操作地方性法律文件。

In the industrial supporting aspects,The development and reform commission, and other six units issued jointly[On promoting the comprehensive free trade zone in Shanghai to carry out financing lease business pilot reply],Become the first financing lease practical operation local legal documents.

　　带动制造业升级转型

Drive the industry upgrading transformation

　　伴随着融资租赁项目的加速入驻，上海打造融资租赁特别功能区的目标也越来越明晰。《中国联合商报》记者获悉，上海市常务副市长杨雄在上海综合保税区融资租赁产业发展推进会上表示，上海综合保税区将力争发展成为在全球范围内具有一定影响力的融资租赁特别功能区。

With the acceleration of project financing lease in,Shanghai build financing lease special functional areas of the target is becoming more and more clear.[China joint commercial daily]The reporter learns,The standing deputy mayor of Shanghai YangXiong comprehensive free trade zone in Shanghai financial leasing industry development promote said at the meeting,Shanghai comprehensive free trade zone will strive to become in the global scope has certain influence the financing lease special functional areas.

　　为推动融资租赁业务的发展，上海综合保税区会同国家开发银行等共同设立了国内第一个融资租赁“外汇信贷资金池”，首期资金20亿美元，专为上海综合保税区内的融资租赁业务提供贷款以及第三方专业配套服务。

In order to promote the development of financing lease business,Shanghai comprehensive free trade zone in conjunction with the state development bank jointly set up the domestic first financing lease"Foreign exchange capital credit pool",Initial capital 2 billion us dollars,Designed for the Shanghai composite bonded area, the financing lease business to provide loans and the third party professional supporting services.

　　杨雄表示，上海综合保税区要以创建国内最便捷的租赁业务平台为抓手，以打造国内最完善的租赁配套环境为载体，以推动国内外租赁龙头企业集聚为目标。

YangXiong said,Shanghai comprehensive free trade zone to to create the most convenient leasing business platform for the gripper,To create the most perfect leasing supporting environment as the carrier,At home and abroad in order to promote the lease leading enterprise cluster as the goal.

　　杨雄表示，下一步要进一步加大金融改革和功能创新的力度，特别是积极搭建融资租赁业务与大飞机、船舶制造等优势产业的对接，以租赁业带动制造业的进一步发展，大力促进产业优势互补、升级转型。

YangXiong said,The next step will further increase the financial reform and functional innovation efforts,Especially actively build a financing lease business with large aircraft/Ship manufacturing, and other competitive industries docking,Leasing industry to promote the further development of the manufacturing industry,Vigorously promote industrial advantage complementary/Transform and upgrade.

　　面临发展困境

In a dilemma

　　建立租赁交易所市场，打造制造业中心和贸易金融中心的重要载体。上海具备成熟发达的金融市场和广阔的经济腹地，是实现租赁行业资本利差业务和实业贸易要素整合业务的最佳市场，但同时上海融资租赁业还面临着诸多发展困境。

Establish lease exchange market,Create manufacturing center and an important carrier of trade and financial center.Shanghai have mature developed financial market and broad economic hinterland,Is to realize the lease industry capital interest margin business and industrial trade elements integrated business the best market,But at the same time, Shanghai financing leasing industry development is also facing many difficulties.

　　《中国联合商报》记者从《中国行业研究网》中得知，该行业还存在着定位及战略不清晰、发展资金面临瓶颈、人才知识结构不合理、金融同业挑战等问题。

[China joint commercial daily]Reporters from[China industry research network]that,The industry still exist positioning and strategic not clear/Facing the development of capital bottlenecks/Talents knowledge structure is not reasonable/Problems such as financial trade challenges.

　　据悉，目前由于多头监管，我国的融资租赁业呈现“三足鼎立”的监管格局。由于多头监管,政出多门,政府相关各部门导致了只顾各自利益,相互推诿,对中国融资租赁业所遇到的问题缺乏统一协调的力度,使融资租赁企业在法律地位、准入门槛、业务范围、税收待遇,尤其是市场竞争等方面处于不平等竞争状态，存在“对外开放、对内限制”倾向。

It is reported,At present due to the multiple supervision,Our country present financing leasing industry"of"Regulatory pattern.Due to the multiple supervision,Administration out many,Relevant government departments led to their respective interests only,Mutual shuffle,China's finance leasing industry to the problems of lack of unified coordination efforts,Make a financing lease enterprise in legal status/Admittance threshold/Business scope/Tax treatment,Especially in the market competition, etc in the not equal competition state,exist"Opening to the/Internal limit"tendency.

　　在资金方面，目前融资租赁公司资金来源80%以上来源于银行，资金来源范围十分狭窄，除注册资本金和股东借款外，仅能吸收少量信托、委托存款和保证金等且数额有限，并且以短期资金居多。而融资租赁业务主要用于设备购置、技术改造、高新科技开发转化等项目的资金需要,一般短的需要二三年,长的要四五年,属中长期性质的融资，这一结构性矛盾严重束缚了融资租赁业的发展。

In the capital,At present lease finance company source of fund more than 80% from the bank,Capital source range is very narrow,Other than the registered capital and shareholder loan outside,Can only absorb a trust/Entrusted deposits and deposit, etc and the amount limited,And in short term capital is in the majority.And financing lease business is mainly used for equipment acquisition/Technical renovation/High and new technology development and transformation project funds need,General short need two or three years,Long to four or five years,Belong to medium and long-term nature of the financing,The structural contradictions seriously constrained the development of financing leasing industry.

　　人才方面，当前随着利率市场化的深入和发展，租赁行业必将转型和提升，作为租赁人才，不仅需要丰富的会计、税务、银行等金融和经济知识，还要有网络运用、机械设备、贸易经营等复合知识，而中国的教育专业分工很细，企业发展专业化的同时也带来了复合性人才的稀缺。

talent,The current with the development of interest rate marketization,The lease industry will transformation and ascension,As lease talents,Need not only rich in accounting/tax/Banks and other financial and economic knowledge,Have the network use/Mechanical equipment/Trade management composite knowledge,While China's education professional division of labor is very fine,Enterprise development professional also brings a compound talent scarcity.

　　面临金融同业的巨大挑战。随着新兴类金融业务的兴起和蓬勃发展，融资租赁公司业务部分将被取代并在某些领域会被信托、保理和资产管理等类金融公司挤出市场。再加上随着利率市场化的加剧，银行的存贷差日益缩小，银行日益严重的生存压力迫使银行把业务重点转向中小企业并加大对中小企业的支持力度，监管层也会进一步加大对银行的支持力度并逐步放松受托支付的限制，融资租赁公司的客户群会受到银行恶劣竞争而使融资租赁市场进一步萎缩。

Facing the great challenge of the financial trade.With the rise of emerging class financial business and vigorous development,Lease finance company business section will be replaced and in some areas will be trust/Factoring and asset management such as financial company extrusion market.Plus along with the aggravation of the interest rate liberalization,Bank savings dwindling difference,Bank increasingly serious survival pressure forced the bank business priorities to small and medium-sized enterprises and strengthen the small and medium-sized enterprise support,The supervisor will also further enhance the bank's support and gradually relax the limitation of the entrusted payment,Lease finance company customer base will be affected by the bank bad competition and make the financing leasing market further atrophy.

　　针对以上发展瓶颈，业内人士分析，上海融资租赁业健康发展，需要促进行业规范发展，优化行业管理平台，出台统一管理的租赁法势在必行。

According to the development bottleneck,Analysis of the personage inside course of,Shanghai financing leasing industry healthy development,Need to promote the development of industry standards,Optimization of industry management platform,Unified management on leasing method is imperative.

　　加强金融扶持，加大产品开发，加速资金流转。不断加强金融扶持，如允许在境内外债券市场发行质地优良的应收租赁资产私募债，在资本市场上市和进行资产证券化，在公开市场发行人民币理财产品等，其目的就是贯通直接融资和间接融资市场，不断拓宽租赁行业资金来源渠道。

Strengthen financial support,Increase product development,Accelerating funds flow.Continuously strengthen financial support,If allowed to issue the bond market both at home and abroad of the fine quality of the leased asset accounts receivable SiMuZhai,In the capital market and asset securitization,In the open market, such as the issuance of RMB financial products,Its purpose is through direct financing and indirect financing market,Expanding the lease industry capital source channel.

　　加强租赁人才培养，推进多层次教育培训。融资租赁业是制造业和金融业发展到一定程度后必然出现的复合行业，它对从业人员的要求较高，只有加强人才培养，以不断弥补现实困缺。

Strengthen the lease personnel training,Promote multi-level education training.Financing leasing industry is manufacturing and financial development to a certain extent will appear after the compound industry,It to employees of the demand is higher,Only strengthen personnel training,Continue to make up for lack of real trapped.

　　转变商业模式，推进产业升级，提升行业特色。打造以资本和贸易齐头并进的商业模式必将受到租赁行业的垂青，未来融资租赁行业的主流客户将是中小企业，这直接考验融资租赁公司的系统管理能力和抗风险能力。因此，在现有基础上“租赁＋保理＋第三方支付”等业务的完美融合将彻底贯通贸易和制造业的上下游，为融资租赁行业资产规模业务的超速发展提供广阔的市场空间。

Change business model,Promote industrial upgrading,Ascension industry characteristics.Make to capital and trade keep pace with the business model will lease industry by lamas,The future financial leasing industry mainstream customer will be small and medium-sized enterprise,This direct test lease finance company system management ability and ability to resist risks.therefore,Based on the existing"Lease + factoring + the third party payment"The perfect fusion of business such as will completely through trade and manufacturing and downstream,As a financing lease industry assets scale business development speeding provide broad market space.