本报记者 张朝晖 实习记者 陈琴

Our reporter ZhangChaoHui ChenQin practice reporter

　　随着我国金融机构跨行业、跨市场经营行为的增多，金融改革已迈向混业经营阶段。多位接受中国证券报记者采访的专家表示，综合监管作为深化金融体制改革的重要突破口，有望成为今年全国两会讨论的热点话题之一。有专家建议，在条件成熟时设立具有政府管理职能的金融监督管理委员会。

As China's financial institutions cross-industry/The increase of span market management behavior,Financial reform has to mixed operation stage.Many accept Chinese stock certificate report reporter the interview experts say,Comprehensive supervision as deepening the reform of the financial system of the important breakthrough,Is expected to become this year's two meetings to discuss one of the hot topics.Experts suggest,The conditions are ripe for the establishment has the functions of government financial supervision and management committee.

　混业经营或致监管僵局 Mixed operation or cause the supervision

　　与当初的“一行三会”改革一样，混业形势下的监管框架同样具有“完善金融监管体系，改进监管方式，提高监管质量”的性质。

And original"A line of three will"reform,Mixed situation also has regulatory framework"Perfect the financial supervision system,Improving the way of supervision and regulation,Improve quality supervision"Properties of.

　　2003年，中国人民银行的金融机构监管职能分离，形成了与银监会、证监会和保监会相互配合的分业监管体系。当时有专家对监管机构之间的协调问题表示忧虑。专家指出，分业监管确有必要，符合专业化需要，但可能导致监管效率低下。

In 2003,,The people's bank of China's financial institutions supervision function separation,The formation and China banking regulatory commission/Securities regulatory commission and the China insurance regulatory commission and cooperate with each other the dividing of the supervision system.When regulators experts to the coordination between the problems concerned.Experts say,Supervised respectively is definitely necessary,Conform to the specialized needs,But may lead to low efficiency of supervision.

　　交通银行(601328,股吧)首席经济学家连平表示，我国金融机构日益繁杂，呈现“你中有我，我中有你”的交叉重叠格局，需要统一的体制进行监管。在混业经营的状况下，多头监管的体制可能导致监管僵局。

Bank of communications(601328,guba)Chief economist even flat said,China's financial institutions increasingly multifarious,present"'m,I have your"The overlap of pattern,Need to unified regulation system.In the mixed operation situations,Bull supervision system may lead to the supervision.

　　首先，容易出现监管空白和监管重叠。连平说：“有的地方没人管，有的地方都想管。”如果要通过协商解决问题，在各自为政的条件下很难实现。多年前“德隆系”东窗事发，金融控股集团监管的缺位受到有关部门的高度重视。目前，平安集团、光大集团等金融控股集团涵盖保险、证券、银行等金融实体，已形成事实上的混业经营。在目前分业监管背景下，必然需要不同行业的监管机构进行协调监管。

First of all,Prone to regulatory blank and regulatory overlap.Even flat said:"In some places no one tube,In some places all want to tube."If you want to solve the problem through consultation,In each does things in his own way conditions it is difficult to achieve.Years ago"Deron is"Come to light,Financial holding group, the absence of supervision by the relevant departments attach great importance.At present,Peace group/Everbright group and so on financial holding group covers insurance/securities/Banks and other financial entities,Has formed in fact the mixed management.In the present background of supervised respectively,It need different industry regulators coordinate supervision.

　　其次，多个金融领域出现竞争性的监管或放松现象。在各自平行的监管体系中，按照管理层制定的总方针，各自为政的监管可能导致竞争性心理。“你加强了监管，我也要加强监管。”连平表示，在一定时期内，并非所有金融领域均需从紧从严监管，需要适时调整和应对。反之亦然，金融创新可能导致各监管机构竞相出台放松政策。

secondly,Multiple financial fields appear competitive regulatory or relax phenomenon.In their respective parallel regulatory system,According to the management for the general policy,Each does things in his own way of supervision may lead to competitive psychological."You strengthen the supervision,I also want to strengthen supervision."Even flat said,In a certain period of time,Not all the financial sector all needs to tight strict supervision,Need to timely adjust and deal with.And vice versa,Financial innovation can lead to the regulatory agencies issued to relax policy.

　建议设立金监会 The supervisor will propose the establishment of gold

　　近年来，金融混业经营步伐加快，客观上需要协调机制的出台。连平表示，从目前社会融资总量规模扩大的格局看，金融监督管理委员会这种统一的金融监管方式符合我国金融业发展的趋势。

In recent years,Financial mixed operation to speed up the pace,Requires a coordination mechanism come on stage.Even flat said,From the current total social financing scale pattern to see,Financial supervision and management committee this unified financial supervision way conform to the trend of the development of the financial industry in our country.

　　数据显示，我国信贷融资仍占主导地位，但从新增融资来看，间接融资方式已不具备主导地位。1月新增信贷融资总量仅约占社会融资总量的40%。银行不再一统天下，保险业、证券业、信托业均在迅速扩张。更重要的是，新兴金融业和传统银行业交叉重叠的业务板块将产生新的问题。

Data display,Our country credit financing is still dominant,But in the new financing to see,Indirect financing has does not have the dominant position.January new credit financing amount only accounts for about 40% of the total social financing.The bank no longer unify the whole country,insurance/securities/All trust industry in the rapid expansion.More important is,Emerging financial industry and the overlap of the traditional banking business plate will produce new problems.

　　中央财经大学中国银行(601988,股吧)业研究中心主任郭田勇说，金融监督管理委员会应统一金融市场各业务监管，实现证券、银行和保险业务的混业监管。

Bank of China, the central university of finance and economics(601988,guba)Industry research center director guo TianYong said,Financial supervision and management committee should be unified financial market from the business supervision,Achieve securities/Banks and insurance business mixed supervision.

　　北京大学金融与证券研究中心主任曹凤岐建议，在银、证、保“三会”基础上建立一个新的金融监管协调机构，即金融监管协调委员会。该机构在国务院层次上建立，主席可由主管金融的国务院副总理或国务委员兼任，其他各监管部门主要负责人参加。在条件成熟时，在金融监管协调委员会的基础上，建立具有政府管理职能的金融监督管理委员会。

Beijing university of finance and securities research center director CaoFengQi Suggestions,In the silver/card/the"Three will"Established on the basis of a new financial supervision coordination mechanism,Namely the financial supervision coordination committee.The agency of the state council set up in the hierarchy,President can by the competent financial vice premier of the state council or state councilor concurrently,The other regulators in the principal.In the conditions are ripe,In the financial supervision coordination commission basis,To establish a team with the functions of government financial supervision and management committee.

　　他表示，金融监督管理委员会下面可设3个委员会，一是金融审慎监管委员会，进行宏观与微观的审慎监管，承担“一行三会”的职能；二是成立投资者保护委员会，主要负责业务运作和投资者保护；三是成立金融稳定委员会，负责金融体系的整体稳定性，制订金融监管的法规和政策。在三个专业委员会框架上，增设一个金融行业监管统筹的机构，进行金融控股公司并表监管、协调金融创新业务领域以及处理其他监管真空地带。

He said,Financial supervision and management committee set below three committee,One is the financial prudential supervision committee,In macro and micro prudential supervision,bear"A line of three will"function;The second is investor protection committee was established,Mainly responsible for business operation and investor protection;The third is established financial stability committee,Responsible for the overall stability of the financial system,Develop financial supervision regulations and policies.In three professional committee of the framework,Add a financial industry regulatory institution as a whole,Carry on the financial holding company consolidated supervision/Coordinate financial innovation business areas and dealing with other regulatory vacuum zone.

　　国务院参事、国务院发展研究中心金融所名誉所长夏斌曾表示，如果把我国金融机构目前“跨行投资、分业经营”的状况称之为混业经营，则需进一步研究对它的监管问题。监管内容主要有五方面：一是资本充足率问题，防止资本重复计算；二是高管人员的任职监管问题；三是面对复杂的法人结构、业务活动结构和管理结构而带来的监管问题；四是集团内不同子公司会计准则不同带来的问题；五是各国监管之间、国内不同监管部门之间因政策不同造成的监管“盲点”问题。

The state council attach/The state council development research center, the financial XiaBin emeritus has said,If the financial institutions in our country at present"Inter-bank investment/Separated operation"Condition called mixed operation,The further study on its regulatory problems.Supervision main content of five aspects:One is the capital adequacy ratio problem,Prevent capital repeated calculation;The second is the senior executives for regulatory problems;The third is the face of a complex legal structure/Business structure and management structure and bring regulatory problems;The fourth is group subsidiary in different accounting standards bring different problems;Five is the world between supervision/Domestic different between regulators for policy difference of supervision"Blind spot"problems.

　综合监管为国际趋势 Comprehensive supervision for the international trend

　　郭田勇表示，目前全世界金融监管呈现两大趋势，一是央行的职能和金融监管相分离，二是按照综合化、统一化的监管方式进行部门设置。

Guo TianYong said,At present the world financial supervision present two big trends,One is the central bank's functions and financial regulation phase separation,The second is according to integration/The supervision of the unification way department Settings.

　　国际金融危机之后，金融体制综合化监管渐成世界趋势。中国银行国际金融研究所副所长宗良表示，国外在上世纪70年代初已提出宏观审慎监管，但真正开始认真研究并被国际社会普遍重视是在这次金融危机后。

After the international financial crisis,Financial system integrated supervision gradually into the world trend.The bank of China international finance ZongLiang deputy director of the institute said,Abroad in the 1970 s have proposed macro prudential supervision,But the real began to seriously study and the international society in the universal attention is after the financial crisis.

　　随着经济全球化进程的加快，我国金融机构积极推进国际化发展，融入世界金融市场，鼓励部分金融机构开展混业经营是我国金融业提升国际竞争力、做大做强金融业的必然选择。如何提高混业经营时代监管的效率是深化金融改革的重大命题。

As the economic globalization is speeding up,China's financial institutions actively promote internationalization development,Into the world financial markets,Encourage financial institutions to carry out part of the mixed management is to promote international competitiveness of China's financial industry/And the inevitable choice of the financial industry.How to improve the mixed operation time supervision of efficiency is to deepen financial reform important proposition.

　　从国外的经验和我国大部制改革的经验教训来看，实施统一监管是大势所趋，但也可能存在诸多困难。连平表示，首先，金融监管问题涉及方方面面的利益关系，统一思想较困难，需要高层具备坚定的决心；其次，可能出现叠床架屋、换汤不换药的情况，反而增加监管成本，拉长流程。如果要真正实现监管职能的统一，需要非常清晰的组织机构和管理边界，也需要审慎地进行制度创新。

From foreign experience and our country the super-ministries reform experience to see,The unified supervision is the trend of The Times,But may also there are a lot of difficulties.Even flat said,First of all,Financial regulatory issue involves the interests of all aspects,Unified thought more difficult,Need to top have a firm determination;secondly,Possible ambiguity/Mutton dressed as lamb situation,But increases the cost of supervision,Spin process.If you want to truly achieve the unity of the regulatory functions,Need to be very clear organization and management boundary,Also need to deliberate on system innovation.