总量超过35亿张的银行卡，到底有多大作用？

Total more than 3.5 billion copies of bank CARDS,How much effect?

　　根据中国银联测算，2012年我国银行卡的使用拉动全国居民消费增长1.15%，进而带动我国GDP增长了约0.44%。而银行卡仅是消费金融中的一个工具，在政府提出加快转变经济发展方式，建立扩大消费需求的背景下，消费金融的扩大也成了重中之重。

According to the China unionpay is calculated,In 2012 the use of bank CARDS in China driven by the residents' consumption growth of 1.15%,Leading to China's GDP growth of about 0.44%.The card is only a tool of consumer finance,The government proposed to speed up the transformation of the pattern of economic development,Under the background of expanding consumption demand is established,The expansion of consumer finance has become a top priority.

　　全国人大代表、中国银联总裁许罗德在接受《华夏时报》记者采访时认为，消费金融在促进消费、扩大内需方面具有积极的推动作用，特别是在产能过剩背景下消费水平的提高对经济增长具有显著正向效应。

The National People's Congress/China unionpay President xu rhode said in an interview[Chinese times]Reporter in an interview,Consumer finance in promoting consumption/Expanding domestic demand has a positive role,Especially under the background of excess production capacity to improve the level of consumption has a significant positive effect on economic growth.

　　“在目前消费金融服务体系中，降低准入门槛，才能支持市场参与主体多元化。例如消费金融公司，建议监管机构适当降低如注册资本、出资人总资产等市场准入门槛，引进更多的民间资本。在引导市场主体多元化发展之外，还需要完善针对消费金融的差别化监管，同时重点要引导商业银行发展消费金融，给予商业银行发展消费金融更大的自主性。”许罗德对记者指出。

"In the current consumer financial services system,Lower barriers to entry,To support the diversification of market participation.Such as consumer finance companies,Suggested regulators reduced such as registered capital/Investors to total assets, market access threshold,The introduction of more private capital.Outside the diversification of market development,Also need to improve in differentiation regulation of consumer finance,At the same time the key to guide commercial Banks to develop consumer finance,Consumer finance commercial bank development greater autonomy."Xu rhode said to the reporter.

降门槛引民资 Down barriers to lead what was

　　虽然消费金融公司得到了一定的发展，但是却也在国内的发展中遇到了一些问题。

Although consumer finance company got certain development,But they also have a few problems in the development of the domestic.

　　一位消费金融公司工作人员告诉记者，消费金融公司的业务区别于其他消费金融工具，目前公司还是在试点阶段，客户对于消费金融公司的产品以及对这个新增加的融资渠道的了解还不够多，接受这种消费金融产品的意识不强。

A consumer financial company official told reporters,Consumer finance company's business is different from other consumer financial instruments,At present, the company is still in pilot stage,Customers for consumer finance company's products and understanding of this new financing channel is not enough,To accept this kind of consumer financial products consciousness is not strong.

　　许罗德指出，目前国内仅有4家专业性消费金融公司试点开展相关业务，总体规模占比不足5%，远低于国外1/3的通常水平。

Xu said,The present domestic only four professional pilot consumer finance company to carry out the related business,The overall size of less than 5%,Is far less than a third of the usual abroad.

　　记者在街头随机采访的过程中，发现知道并且尝试过在消费金融公司办理过业务的消费者占到少数，一部分受访的消费者仅仅是听说过消费金融公司，对其业务没有具体了解过。而有一半的受访者表示对消费金融公司并不知情。

In the process of reporter interviewed randomly on the street,Found know and tried in consumer finance company for the business of consumers account for a minority,According to the study of consumer is just heard of consumer finance companies,Without specific knowledge to business.And half of the respondents said they had no knowledge of consumer finance company.

　　“除了消费者的认知以及愿意使用这种新型的消费金融工具之外，在设计产品的过程中与消费者的实际需求有一定的差距，同时消费金融公司还存在着融资成本的问题等。虽然有一定的问题，但是消费金融则是大趋势，能够摸索出符合国内消费者需求的模式，几年之后，消费金融公司的业务一定会快速发展起来。”上述工作人员认为。

"In addition to consumer's cognition, and is willing to use this new type of consumption of financial instruments,In the process of design and the actual needs of consumers has a certain gap,Consumer finance companies also exist problems such as the cost of financing.Although there is a certain problem,But consumer finance is a big trend,Can infer fits a pattern of domestic consumer demand,After a few years,Consumer finance company's business will be developed rapidly."Researchers believe the work.

　　许罗德认为，为了有利于消费金融的发展，应该降低门槛。在监管手段可行、安全风险可控的基础上，建议监管机构适当降低如设立消费金融公司的注册资本、出资人总资产等市场准入门槛。

Xu rhode think,In order to help the development of consumer finance,Should lower the threshold.In the regulatory approach is feasible/On the basis of security risk control,Suggested regulators reduced such as set up the consumer finance company's registered capital/Investors to total assets, market access threshold.

　　“除了消费金融公司之外，国内开展消费金融业务的机构还包括了商业银行、汽车金融公司、小额贷款公司等。除了降低门槛之外，还需要在这些提供消费金融的机构中引入更多的民间资本，支持不同类型的市场竞争机构，以满足不同消费者的信贷需求。”许罗德指出。

"In addition to consumer finance companies,Domestic institutions carrying out consumer finance business also includes the commercial Banks/An auto financing company/Small loan companies, etc.In addition to the lower threshold,You also need to provide consumption in these financial institutions to introduce more private capital,Support for different types of market competition mechanism,In order to meet different consumer demand for credit."Xu said.

放宽监管 deregulation

　　3月14日，中国银联北京分公司数据显示，北京市2月剔除房地产批发类交易的pos机跨行刷卡消费金额达421.38亿元，同比增长48.8%。1月份为597.3亿元。

On March 14,,Beijing branch China unionpay data show,Beijing February rejecting real estate, wholesale deals of pos machine an inter-bank brush calorie of consumption amount of 42.138 billion yuan,Up 48.8% from a year earlier.In January of 59.73 billion yuan.

　　在消费者使用银行卡消费金融快速增长的同时，银行卡的数量也出现大幅增长。中国银行(601988,股吧)个人金融副总胡浩中在接受记者采访时提出，去年下半年，中国银行在个人信用卡方面推出了信用虚拟卡，额度、有效期都能够随意调整，保证了客户网络安全。同时，申请虚拟卡的用户在短时间内出现了大幅增长。

The financial consumption growing rapidly in the consumer use of bank CARDS at the same time,The number of bank card also showed a sharp increase.The bank of China(601988,stocks)Personal financial vice President Hu Hao) is put forward in an interview,In the second half of last year,The bank of China in terms of personal credit card launched a virtual credit card,lines/The period of validity can be adjusted freely,Ensures that customer network security.At the same time,Apply for virtual card users a sharp growth in a short time.

　　在银行卡数量和消费金额高速增长的过程中，也受到了监管机构的严格监管。

In the bank card number and the amount of consumption in the process of rapid growth,Also strictly regulated by regulatory agencies.

　　许罗德认为，以目前最典型的消费金融工具信用卡为例，当前对其监管偏严。如在资本充足率的计算中，信用卡未使用授信额度主要执行高达50%的表外资产信用转换系数，一定程度上制约了信用卡业务的发展。

Xu rhode think,At present the most typical consumer finance tool to a credit card, for example,The current on the partial heavily regulated.Such as in the calculation of capital adequacy ratio,Credit card is not used credit mainly performed as much as 50% of off-balance-sheet assets credit conversion coefficient,To some extent, restricted the development of credit card business.

　　对于信用卡的严格监管，许罗德也提出了差异化、放松监管的建议。

For the regulation of credit card,Xu differentiation rod is put forward/Deregulation of the proposal.

　　“建议银行业监管机构适当放宽对消费金融创新业务的限制，一是降低对信用卡未使用授信额度耗用资本的监管要求；二是放开对信用卡小额贷款功能的限制，使之同时具备循环贷款和小额贷款的功能；三是逐步开展消费信贷资产的证券化试点；四是借鉴其他国家经验对信用卡项下的消费税收进行优惠。”许罗德认为。

"Suggested that banking regulators relaxed restrictions on consumer finance business innovation,One is to reduce the credit card is not used credit consumption capital regulatory requirements;2 it is to let go of the limitation on the credit card function of microfinance,Make it a revolving loan and microfinance function at the same time;3 it is to gradually develop consumer credit asset securitization pilot;Fourth, using the experience of other countries for under the credit card consumption tax breaks."Xu rhode think.

　　许罗德还建议，除了信用卡之外，建议监管层逐步给予商业银行等在消费金融的可消费限额、消费信贷利率水平以及资金使用方式等方面更大的自主性，提高商业银行等发展消费金融的意愿和能力，完善国内消费金融的产品种类和功能。

Xu rod also suggested,In addition to credit card,Suggest that regulators etc in consumer finance can give commercial Banks gradually consumption quota/Consumer lending interest rates and greater autonomy funds usage, etc,Improve the commercial Banks and other consumption willingness and ability of financial development,Perfecting the domestic consumer financial products and functions.

　　虽然消费金融能够拉动内需，促进经济增长和转型，但是应该避免鼓励过度消费的不当营销行为和低价竞争的恶性竞争行为，防止居民消费观念引导过度而引发消费金融危机。

Although consumer finance can boost domestic demand,Promote economic growth and transformation,But should avoid improper marketing encourage excessive consumption behavior and the malign competition of low price competition behavior,Prevent residents consumption idea guide the excessive consumption caused the financial crisis.