CFP供图 CFP for map 羊城晚报记者 张璐瑶 实习生 王文歆 陈莹 The yangcheng evening news reporter ZhangLuYao intern wang wen ChenYing advancements

　　9月入末，熙熙攘攘的“开学季”也已接近尾声，新生们的开学装备也成了每年众人关注的例牌。如今，随着经济水平的提高，iphone、ipad、单反相机等在大学生中间越来越普遍，更几乎成了家庭经济条件好的学生的“入学必备”、“开学三大件”。而倒数至几十年前，钢笔、手表等现在的寻常物品也成了那些年的特殊记忆。

And at the end of the moon,bustling"Opening season"Has near the end,The new school year equipment has become the focus on cases of brand.now,With the elevation of the economic level,iPhone/IPAD/SLRS in more and more general among college students,Almost became more family economic condition good students"Entrance necessary"/"Opening three big".And reciprocal to several decades ago,pen/Watch the unusual items now also became those years of special memory.

　　开学三大件，你带了什么？羊城晚报记者分别采访了不同年代的大学生，回忆那些年，他们的开学“三大件”。

Opening three big,Have you brought anything?The yangcheng evening news reporter interviewed the different s of college students,Recall those years,Their school"3 big".

　　

上世纪五六十年代大件：钢笔、换洗衣服 The s big:pen/To wash clothes

　　大学生反而减轻家庭负担 College students' but reduce the burden of the family

　　上个世纪五六十年代，还处于计划经济时期，全国人民都还在追求温饱。那时候，对于很多家庭来说，考上大学是天大的喜事。

The last century s and 60 s,Is still in the planned economy period,The people of the whole country are still in the pursuit of food and clothing.At that time,For many families,Pass the college entrance examination is a big wedding.

　　今年77岁的陈爷爷跟记者分享了自己半个世纪前的大学生活。

This year 77 - year - old grandpa Chen with reporters to share his half a century ago college life.

　　由于当时的大学生算是凤毛麟角，国家包办了很多装备，入学时，学生们基本上都是轻装上阵，学习需要的一支钢笔，生活需要的换洗衣物几乎就是全部的行李。

Because at the time of college students is rare,National arranged a lot of equipment,When admission,The students were all basically lightly,Learning needs a pen,The life needs of clothes is almost all the baggage.

　　“读大学的几年中，学杂费、伙食费、住宿费等等，全由国家包了，家里出了一个大学生，就等于家里少一个人吃饭，反而减轻了负担。”陈爷爷笑眯眯地说着，“新生报到时，很多学生都只带一件行李，因为学校不收学杂费、不收讲义费、不收伙食住宿费，连洗澡费也不收，有的大学生在校时甚至还享受公费医疗。”

"At the university of reading a few years,Tuition and fees/Board expenses/Accommodation, etc,The whole bag by the state,Home out of a college student,Home is less a person have a meal,Instead, reduced the burden."Chen grandfather smiling said,"Wichita state,A lot of students take only a piece of luggage,Because school don't accept tuition and fees/Don't accept JiangYiFei/Don't accept food accommodation,Even XiZaoFei also don't accept,Some students in the school even enjoy free medical treatment."

　　“当时的大学录取是推荐制和考试结合，我1959年在部队成为干部，然后就被推荐去读大专，1960年到1963年在中国人民解放军空军学院读气象专业。当时上学跟现在是反过来的，读中学费用是要自己付，能上大学的，费用基本由国家全部承担，生活用的被褥、脸盆等，还有学习用的讲义、笔记本之类的都是由学校发，学生一般就需要自备一支学习用的钢笔，每月还会得到20多元津贴。因为我是部队干部身份，每月领工资，所以需要交12元/月的伙食费。”陈爷爷说。

"The university admission system and test combination is recommended,I am 1959 years in the army cadres become,Then are recommended to read the college,From 1960 to 1963 in China's people's liberation army air force academy read meteorological professional.When to go to school and now is in turn the,Read the school expense is want to pay,To go to university,The basic cost by the state should take all,With the bedding of the life/Washbasin, etc,And learn to use notes/Notebook and so on are the school hair,Generally students will need to bring your own learning to use a pen,Monthly will also get 20 multivariate allowance.Because I am forces cadre identity,Monthly salary,So to need to pay 12 yuan/month of board expenses."Grandpa said Chen.

　　

上世纪七八十年代 The s and s of the last century

　　大件：钢笔、收音机、手表等 big:pen/The radio/watch

　　

走出农村是唯一理想 Out of the rural is the only ideal

　　上世纪七十年代末，经历十年“文革”，高考刚刚恢复，那个时期的大学生既十分渴望知识，也很吃苦耐劳，加上经济条件的制约，开学时，脸盆、水瓶、被褥，这些简单的日用品便成了大学生踏入校门的基本装备。

At the end of the 1970 s,Experience 10 years"Cultural revolution",University entrance exam just restore,The period of college students is very the hunger for knowledge,Is also very bear hardships and stand hard work,With the restriction of economic conditions,begins,washbasin/Aquarius/bedding,These simple commodity became college students went to school and basic equipment.

　　而到了八十年代末，随着生活水平的渐渐改善，收音机也流行了起来，爱时髦的同学手腕上基本上都会戴一块表。但由于当时通讯设备仍不发达，与家人朋友的联系只能靠书信往来，所以钢笔几乎是每个大学生入学的必备。

By the early eighty s,As standard of living improve gradually,The radio can pop up,Love fashion students wrist basically will wear a watch.But because at that time communication equipment is still not well developed,Family and friends can only rely on letters,So pen is almost every college entrance the necessary.

　　这时候，钢笔、收音机、手表成了新三大件。但对于一些好不容易跳出“农门”的大学生来说，这些仍然遥不可及。

At this time,pen/The radio/Watch has become a new three big.But for some good is not easy to jump out"NongMen"Of university students,These are still remote may not and.

　　阿华是广东工业大学机械系82届的学生，幸运地赶在恢复高考后不久走进大学校门。回忆自己的大学生活，他说，恢复高考，对于他们这一代的人来讲，是一件很让人兴奋的事情。

China guangdong industry, is the national cheng kung university students of the class of 82,Lucky to catch in the recovery soon after the college entrance examination into the university.Remember his university life,He said,Restore the university entrance exam,For them this generation of people speaking,Is a very exciting thing.

　　“那时候没有想过读什么大学，甚至没想过读不读大学，参加高考的时候理想就一个：走出农村。”他感叹说，“农村户口与城市户口的人是有很大差别的，农村户口的人吃谷，城市户口的人吃米，我们农村户口的人穷怕了。”为了摆脱贫困的生活，阿华努力学习，希望成为一名大学生。得知自己被广东工业大学录取时，他一个晚上都握着录取通知书，兴奋得睡不着。

"At that time, did not think of what to read university,Didn't even wanted to read not going to college,Attend the university entrance exam when ideals are a:Out of rural."He sighed said,"Rural registered permanent residence and registered city man is a great difference,Rural registered permanent residence people eat valley,Registered city people eat rice,We rural registered permanent residence of the poor are scared."In order to get rid of the poor life,"China to study hard,Hope to be a college student.Learned that he was accepted by the guangdong university of technology,He is the one who holds a night admission notice,Was so excited that he couldn't.

　　入学时，他挑着一桶行李来到学校，其中所有的生活用品都是自己从乡下带来的。“以前农村人用的是那种很大、很高的铁桶。一到广州，别人一看对方提的是什么桶，就知道他是城里人还是农村人。那时候，想买个塑胶桶都很难。”

When admission,He is carrying a bucket of baggage to arrive at the school,All the articles for daily use is brought in from the country."Before the rural people is that big/High iron drum.A to guangzhou,Others ask a look at each other what barrel,I know he is city or rural people.At that time,Want to buy a plastic barrels are difficult to."

　　所幸，当时读大学是不用交学费的。到学校之后，家庭贫困的同学还可以跟学校申请助学金。一等奖学金是每个月24.5元。“当时24.5元已经够一个月的伙食了，一份排骨才两毛五。”阿华说。当然，城里大学生和农民大学生还是有区别的，“宿舍唯一一个城里人有点看不起我们，他从家里带饼干过来，要我们用纸巾夹着饼干来吃。”

fortunately,When reading university is to need not pay the tuition fees.To school after,The family impoverished students can still follow the school application grants.The first scholarship is 24.5 yuan each month."When 24.5 yuan is a month of the food,A chop just two hair five."China said, o.Of course,The city college students and farmers college students still have difference,"Dormitory only a person in the city a bit looked down on us,He went to the house come cookies,Will we use paper towel clip the cookies to eat."

　　那时候，上学的路途也很艰辛。“从家乡到广州，是‘两头黑’：早上五六点坐车从家出发，天还没亮；晚上八九点才到广州，天已经黑了，途中还要吃两顿饭。当时也没什么娱乐，学生没有收音机，学校有时候有广播听一下，电视没有几台。”阿华说。

At that time,School way is also very hard."From home to guangzhou,is‘Two head black’:WuLiuDian morning ride home from the start,The day did not have brightly;At o 'clock to guangzhou,It was already dark,On the way to eat two meal.At that time, no entertainment,Students have no radio,School sometimes listen to radio,TV few table."China said, o.

　

　上世纪九十年代 In the 1990 s

　　大件：录音机、手表、小风扇等 big:recorder/watch/Small fan, etc

　　电子产品在校园里最拉风 Electronic products the most pull breeze in the campus

　　上世纪90年代，广东作为改革开放的先行地，不少学生的家庭已经先富起来。大学生必备物品中开始出现了录音机等电子产品。

In the 1990 s,Guangdong as the reform and open policy the first land,Quite a few students of families have to get rich.College students' essential items began to appear in the recorder and other electronic products.

　　“用磁带听流行音乐、学习是当时年轻人的潮流，录音机可谓是大学生追捧的潮流单品。当时的大学校园里，电子产品并不多见。”上世纪90年代的大学生张小姐说。

"Tape listening to pop music/Learning is the trend of the young people at that time,The tape recorder which is the trend of the college students' pursuit of single product.The university campus,Electronic products does not see more."In the 1990 s of college students miss zhang said.

　　她告诉记者，自己当时在韶关读大学，“我开学的时候爸爸妈妈都有送到学校，因为都在广东省内，所以也比较方便。我读的是外语系，经常要听磁带练习听力，还要录音训练口语，所以我们系的学生基本上是人手一部录音机，有的同学还会买一部打字机，在同学圈中很是时髦。”

She told reporters,He was read in shaoguan university,"I start when mom and dad are sent to school,Because in guangdong province,So also more convenient.I read is the department of foreign languages,Often listen to the tape to practice listening,Also recording oral training,So the students of our department is basically hands a tape recorder,Some classmates will also buy a typewriter,The students in the circle is very fashionable."

　　生活用品中，小风扇、电暖壶等家用电器已经开始出现在大学生们的行李中。“当时学校的食宿条件比较简陋，同学们都有很多小玩意对付。南方的夏天闷热，开学时每人一把小风扇是必不可少的；食堂的饭菜实在很一般，所以我们都会备一个小的电暖壶，下课后自己煮面吃。这些电子产品跟现在的大学生时兴的相比确实不怎么样，但也确实是我们大学生活的小亮点。”张小姐开心地回忆着。

In things of life,Small fan/Electrical kettle of household electric appliances, such as college students are already starting to appear in the luggage."When the school board condition is simple,Students have many gadgets to deal with.The southern summer hot and stuffy,At the beginning of each a small fan is indispensable;Canteen food is very general,So we will prepare a small electrical kettle,After class cook meal.These electronic products with today's college students are compared in fashion really don't,But it is really our university life of small window."Miss zhang happily remembering.

　　她还告诉记者，当时除了这些小电器，有条件的同学还购置了BP机和胶卷相机，在校园里是相当拉风。

She also told reporters,At that time in addition to these small electrical appliances,Conditional students have bought BP machine and film camera,On the campus is quite pull breeze.

　　

2000年以后 2000 years later

　　大件：手机、MP3、笔记本电脑、单反相机等 big:Mobile phone/MP3/Notebook computer/SLRS, etc

　　也有人靠助学金和兼职买电脑 Also some in grants and part-time buy a computer

　　进入新世纪后，社会的经济水平迅速增长，尤其在广东，家庭富裕的学生不惜在贵价电子产品上“砸钱”。从早几年的黑白屏手机、MP3、电子词典、台式电脑等到智能手机、手提电脑、数码相机，再到这两年的iphone、ipad、单反相机等。大学生们在“三大件”上的花费越来越多，因此受到的关注和争议也越来越多，甚至有人批评现在的大学生有“炫富”迹象。

Enter the new century,Social economic level rapid growth,Especially in guangdong,The family rich students do in your valence electron products"Throw money".From the early years of black and white screen mobile phone/MP3/Electronic dictionary/Desktop computer until the intelligent mobile phone/Laptop computer/Digital camera,To these two years of iPhone/IPAD/SLRS, etc.College students in"3 big"Spending more and more,Therefore attention and disputes are more and more,Even now there are criticisms of the college students to have a"Dazzle rich"signs.

　　“考上大学了，当然要爸爸妈妈表示一下，当做奖励啊。”“升格为大学生，用的东西自然要比高中时的高级一点，算是转变身份的象征嘛。”很多学生这样说。在不少同学眼中，高考辛苦拼搏了一年，高考后作为准大学生，让家长奖励点时下潮流的电子产品也只权当身份的点缀。记者采访发现，这种现象在一些学费较高的“贵族学校”中体现得更为明显。

"Admitted to a college,Of course to mom and dad said it,As reward!.""Upgraded to college students,Use natural things than senior high school senior a little,To change the status is the symbol of the well."Many students say so.In many classmates eyes,The university entrance exam hard struggle for a year,After the college entrance examination as an associate college students,Let parents bonus point nowadays the trend of the electronic products is also only replace the ornament of identity.Reporters found that,This kind of phenomenon in some higher tuition fees"Exclusive school"Reflected in the more obvious.

　　小黄2003年考入珠海某2B院校，入学时，爱好音乐的她花1200元钱购置了一台MP3。妈妈奖励了一台很小的黑白屏手机，也花了一千多块。此外，台式电脑也成了她的入学必备。而她告诉记者，这在她的同学中间，只算是中等水平。

Yellow in 2003, and entered zhuhai a 2 b colleges and universities,When admission,Hobby music she spend 1200 yuan bought a MP3.Mother reward a small black and white screen mobile phone,Also spend more than one thousand pieces.In addition,Desktop computer has become her entrance necessary.And she told reporters,This in her classmates intermediate,Only a moderate level.

　　“有同学家里直接奖励一部汽车，开学的时候开过来，作为大学生活的代步工具。还有同学直接带着一台空调来学校，就自己装在宿舍。也有同学把单反相机带过来，那个时候比现在要贵得多，一台就要一万元左右。”小黄说。

"Some students home the direct bonus to a car,The new school year to open,As university life of transport.And students with a direct air conditioner to school,He put in the dormitory.Also has the classmate SLRS take over,That time would cost far more than it is now,One is ten thousand yuan."Yellow said.

　　有学生感慨，这几年，大学生们入学必备的行李似乎不再追求实用、朴实，反而一味追求尖端、高调，智能手机、手提电脑几乎人手必有，更有人追求新款、尖端，用的手机和电脑让上班族们都唏嘘不已。

Have students feeling,Over the past few years,College students admission necessary baggage seems to be no longer the pursuit of practical/guileless,Instead of blindly pursue advanced/high-profile,Intelligent mobile phone/Laptops will be almost hands,The more people the pursuit of new fund/tip,Use cell phones and computers let workers all her misery.

　　而对于另一些贫困生来说，却显示出巨大的反差。“爸妈凑齐学费已经很不容易了，那些高端的手机、单反的哪里敢想？买个能通讯的手机能跟同学、家里联系就好。不过电脑是以后学习、工作都可以一直用的，买个太便宜的麻烦反而更多，这笔钱不知道要怎么跟爸妈讲，可能要我自己去做点兼职补贴一下才能存到。”正在向学校申请助学金的大学生小周告诉记者。

And for some poor students speaking,But shows a great contrast."Parents gather together together the tuition is very not easy,Those high-end mobile phone/The SLR where dare to think?Buy a mobile phone can communication with students/Home contact is good.But the computer is after learning/Can work both have been used,Buy a too cheap but more trouble,The money with my parents don't know how to speak,May I go to do bit of part-time job subsidies to save it to."Is to the school for financial aid of college students xiao zhou told reporters.

　　张璐瑶、王文歆、陈莹

ZhangLuYao/Wang wen advancements/ChenYing