我国青春期性健康教育缺失不容忽视，造成教育缺失的原因是大众对于性教育的认识存在着很多误区：一方面，担心性教育会导致性泛滥，虽然这一点已经被国内外的科学研究证伪；另一方面，认为性是人的本能，可以无师自通。近20年来，国家关于青春期性教育的政策日益完善，但政策的实施一直处于滞后状态。除了没有合格的师资和适合青少年发展特点的教材外，在应试教育体制下，升学率至上，青春期性教育至今未被列入课程大纲，性教育在正规教育体制中形同虚设。然而，成人主导的学校性教育是世界公认的、最为有效和最便于开展的性教育模式，基于这一理念，从2010年9月始， 北京师范大学社会发展与公共政策学院与北京、兰州两地中学合作，开展青春期性教育课题，为高中生开设性教育校本课程。

Our country puberty sexual health education lack nots allow to ignore,Cause the lack of education is the common for sex education understanding exists a lot of errors:On the one hand,Worry about sex education will lead to sexploitation,Although it has been domestic and foreign scientific research falsification;On the other hand,Think sex is the instinct of a man,Can self taught.Nearly 20 years,Countries about adolescent sex education policy is increasingly perfect,But the implementation of the policy has been in a state of lag.In addition to no qualified teachers and suitable for youth development characteristics of the teaching material,In the examination-oriented education system,Graduation rates first,Adolescent sex education has not been listed in the syllabus,Sex education in the normal education system exist in name only.however,Adult education is the leading school sex well recognized in the world/The most effective and the most convenient to carry out sexual education mode,Based on this idea,From September 2010 the beginning, Beijing normal university social development and public policy institute and Beijing/Lanzhou both middle school cooperation,Carry out adolescence sex education subject,For high school students to open sex education school-based curriculum.

　　2011年9月，兰州二中正式引进了北师大青少年性教育干预项目。今年3月，另一所试点学校兰铁一中也开始了青春期性教育课程。这两所中学开创了西北推广全面的、强调性别平等的青春期性教育的先河。这项实践如何得以开展？课程内容和效果到底如何？本报记者日前走进兰州二中、兰铁一中校园，采访了学校相关负责人及师生。

In September of 2011,Lanzhou 2 officially introduced Beijing normal university teenage sex education intervention project.In march this year,Another pilot school LanTie one also started the adolescent sex education curriculum.The two middle school started the northwest extensively/That the gender equality of the adolescent sex education precedent.The practice how to open the exhibition?Course content and effect how?Our correspondent has walked into the lanzhou second/LanTie one campus,Interviews with the relevant person in charge of the school and the teachers and students.

“堵”与“疏”之间的选择 "plugging"and"hydrophobic"Choice between

　　开课之前，学校对开展青春期性教育也不无忧虑。兰州二中政教处主任高攀峰介绍，“性教育，很多人感觉就是洪水猛兽。大多数人对此避讳、恐惧，事实上，学生需要青春期的一个全面的教育。”兰州二中党总支书记刘学芳也曾有顾虑，“这个课题刚引进学校的时候，我们也有点担心，家长不接受怎么办？家长们会不会担心起到教唆作用？但开课后我们打消了顾虑。”高攀峰看来，“青少年性相关问题近年来凸显，社会上大多数人依然是采取掩耳盗铃的方式，开展青春期性教育已经迫在眉睫。”

Before classes,Schools to carry out adolescence sex education was not without anxiety.Lanzhou second director ZhengJiaoChu plus peak is introduced,"Sex education,A lot of people feel is a great disaster.Most people are taboo/fear,In fact,Students need to adolescent a comprehensive education."Lanzhou second general party branch secretary LiuXueFang had scruples,"This task just introduce school,We have a little worried,Parents do not accept?Parents will worry about a instigation effect?But after class we gave up concerns."Plus peak seems,"Adolescent sex related problems highlighted in recent years,The society most people still is to take the way,Carry out adolescence sex education is imminent."

　　兰铁一中负责授课的杨丽老师介绍，“在开这门课之前，学生所接触到的性教育大多是通过非正规渠道获得的，有些通过媒体网络了解到的性知识可能是歪曲甚至错误的。” 兰铁一中另一授课老师刘华秀介绍，“孩子们在性方面有很多困惑，例如，男孩子会觉得遗精是十分可怕的事；有的男孩子自慰，会想是不是自己非常下流、无耻？甚至有的女同学会问，老师，我接吻了，会不会怀孕？”刘华秀强调，“我希望孩子们能够掌握正确的性知识，能够保护好自己，对性有一个正确的态度。进行这方面的教育是很有必要的，对孩子们的成长会有重要的引领作用。

LanTie one responsible for the teaching YangLi teacher introduction,"In the open before the class,Students have access to the sex education are mostly obtained through informal channels,Some through the media network to understand sexual knowledge may be distorted or even wrong." LanTie one another LiuHuaXiu the instructor is introduced,"The children have a lot of confusion in sex,For example,The boy will feel emission is very horrible thing;Some boys masturbate,Will want to is very dirty/shameless?Even some female students will ask,The teacher,I kissed,Will not pregnant?"LiuHuaXiu emphasize,"I hope children can master correct sexual knowledge,To protect yourself,To sex have a right attitude.The education in this aspect is very necessary,The children's growth will have important leading role.

　　对于是否给面临巨大升学压力的高中生开始青春期性教育课，兰州二中校长芦世平说，从教育实践来看，高考升学固然重要，但人的发展更为重要。高攀峰说，“在青春期性教育这个问题上，我们面对的是‘堵’与‘疏’之间的选择，我们选择了疏，以疏导为主。我们让学生了解，怎么正确地处理青春期情感与性问题，如果一味地去禁止，反倒让一些不良影响乘虚而入。”

For whether to give are faced with great pressures upon their schoolwork high school students began to adolescent sex educational curricula,Lanzhou second principal LuShiPing said,From education practice to see,The university entrance exam bound is important,But human development is more important.Climbed the peak says,"In the adolescent sex education this problem,We are faced with is‘plugging’and‘hydrophobic’Choice between,We choose the hydrophobic,Give priority to with ease.We let the students understand,How to correctly deal with adolescent emotional and sexual issues,If blindly to ban,But let some adverse effects to step in."

　　兰州二中和兰铁一中校领导们经过反复商议，决定应当主动占领性教育这个阵地，将青春期性教育课程引入校园，这在西北地区高中校园目前尚属少数。

Lanzhou 2 and LanTie one the school leader after repeated counsel,Decision shall take the initiative in the sex education the position,Adolescent sex education course will introduce campus,The high school campus in the northwest region is still belong to minority.

性别平等和尊重多元 Gender equality and respect for diversity

　　传统的、常见的中国式学校性教育常常包含以下内容：教师只教给学生生理器官的名称、位置和解剖功能，以怀孕和感染性病的危险来劝阻青少年不要参与性活动，以此压抑青少年的性冲动，其本质是禁欲教育。然而，北京师范大学与兰州中学推行的青春期性教育课程内容涉及性生理、性心理、性道德，注入了社会性别的观念，使学生认识传统的性别角色分工及其对亲密关系的影响，培养青少年学会用批判性的思维去打破传统的社会性别规范对于他们的禁锢和束缚，让学生们学会接纳自己，接纳他人，学会建设有尊严的、平等、健康、负责的亲密关系。两所学校的三位授课老师一致认为，尽管性知识部分比以往的生理卫生课更全面、系统、科学，对学生很有帮助，但涉及社会性别，性和交流技巧方面的内容对学生的触动最大。

The traditional/Common Chinese school sex education often include the following content:Teachers only teach students physiological organ name/The position and function of anatomy,In pregnancy and sexually transmitted disease risk to dissuade teenagers don't participatory activities,To suppress adolescent sex impulse,Its essence is abstinence education.however,Beijing normal university and lanzhou secondary schools of the adolescent sex education course content involves physiological/Sexual psychology/Sexual morality,Injected with gender concept,To make the students know the traditional gender role division of labor and the influence of the close relationship,Cultivating young teenagers learn to use critical thinking to break the traditional gender norms for their imprison and bound,Let the students to learn to accept ourselves,Accept others,Learn to construction have dignity/equality/health/Responsible for the close relationship.Two schools three teaching teachers agree that,Although the sexual knowledge part of physiological health class than ever more comprehensive/system/science,To the student to have the help very much,But in the social gender,Sex and communication skills contents to student's touches maximum.

　　课程中有一节为“社会环境中的社会性别”，让学生们去探索性别不平等是怎样形成和体现出来的。刘华秀老师说，没想到学生做得这么棒，每个小组都非常认真地准备，挑选自己喜欢的主题，有的调查公共厕所中的社会性别，有的调查教科书中男女角色的呈现或家庭环境中男女地位的变化。在这个过程中，同学就这些现象展开了激烈的讨论，培养学生认识传统社会性别角色是如何形成的，挑战社会性别刻板印象的意识。杨丽老师说，男女生通过这些鲜活的调查，认识到男女两性在社会和家庭中还存在着不平等的现象，并有了从自身做起，改变性别不平等现象的意识。

In the course of a day for"Social environment of social gender",Let the students to explore gender inequality is how to form and manifest.LiuHuaXiu teacher said,Didn't expect students to do so great,Each team are very serious preparation,Choose their favorite subject,Some investigation public toilet of social gender,Some survey textbooks in the role of men and women present or family environment in the change of the position of men and women.In this process,Students will these phenomena, launched a heated discussion,Training students to understand the traditional gender role is how to form,Challenge gender stereotype consciousness.YangLi teacher said,Men and women living through these fresh investigation,To realize two sexes in social and family still exists unequal phenomenon,And a starts from oneself,Change gender inequality consciousness.

　　反对性骚扰也是课程中的重要内容，这一课对于学生的触动很大，因为以前从来没有人教过我们在遇到性骚扰时怎么保护自己。上课时，老师们通过一个游戏，告诉学生遇到性骚扰时的应对技巧， 如面对危险的情境时如何清晰地表达自己，如何向路人求救，向专业人士求助等方法。学生们反馈说，许多女生在公共汽车上都遭遇过性骚扰，但不知如何应对，这节课在应对方式，沟通方法上很有帮助。

Sexual harassment is against the important content in the course,This lesson for students' touches is very big,Because never taught us how to meet the sexual harassment to protect themselves.class,Teachers through a game,Tell the students meet when sexual harassment coping skills, Such as face dangerous situation how to clearly express yourself,How to ask a stranger for help,Methods to professionals for help.Students feedback said,Many girls in the bus has encountered sexual harassment,But don't know how to deal with,This lesson in coping styles,The communication method have the help very much.

　　同学们在上课时表现出很大的热情，课堂气氛前所未有的活跃，互动性比较强，学生一方面觉得压力缓解和精神放松，另一方面又觉得大有裨益。正在上青春期教育课的兰州二中一名女生说：“我们上课都挺高兴，课程比较轻松，又能增长很多见识，以后在这方面不再是一个盲点。”

The students in class showed great enthusiasm,The classroom atmosphere is more active than ever,Interactive stronger,Students on the one hand feel pressure relief and mental relaxation,On the other hand, feel greatly.Getting on the adolescent classes of lanzhou 2 a girl said:"We are very glad to class,Course more relaxed,And can increase a lot of knowledge,Later in this respect is no longer a blind spot."

教育结果令人欣喜 Education result is joy

　　上完青春期性教育课后，同学们有哪些感受呢？一名男生说：“我们现在对于青春期情感与性有更加清醒的认识，会比较理性地处理一些问题。”另一名同学说：“涉及青春期情感与性的有些东西，原来自己有不理解的，经过老师讲解之后，就觉得能够看开了。以前对一些事情特别郁闷，心里总是纠结，经过老师这么一讲，大家再一讨论，都比较清楚了，心里也舒畅了许多。”开课本身创造了给同学们开口谈性的机会，打破了性的禁忌，同学们觉得通过交流，“更加了解自己和异性。对于处理一些同性或异性间的关系会有一个更深刻的理解和更多元化的处理方式”。

After the adolescent sex education after class,What are the students feel it?A boy said:"We now for adolescent emotional and sexual more sober understanding,Be more rational to deal with some problems."Another student said:"Involved in adolescent emotional and sexual some things,Originally you have don't understand,After the teacher explained later,Feel able to cheer up the.For some things before special depressed,Heart always ravel,After the teacher such a speak,Everybody to discuss,Are more clearly,The in the mind also relaxed many."Class itself created to give the students chance to open about sex,To break the sex taboos,The classmates think through the exchange,"Learn more about themselves, and members of the opposite sex.For processing some homosexual or heterosexual relationship will have a more profound understanding and the more diverse the processing mode".

　　谈到青春期性教育课程的实施情况，老师们也很欣喜。刘华秀介绍，在上过这门课的班级里，以前同学之间在谈论青春期、性知识等问题时，大家都会显得比较羞涩，很不自然。现在改变了，学生们都能够变得非常坦然并把它当做知识来学习。

When it comes to adolescent sex education curriculum implementation,Teachers also very happy.LiuHuaXiu introduced,In this course in the class,Between the classmate before talking about puberty/Sexual knowledge and other things,Everybody seems to be shy,Very not the nature.Now change the,The students can become very calm and put it as knowledge to learning.

　　高攀峰介绍，“据我观察，学生的一些不恰当的亲密行为比以前减少了，没有对校风造成影响，没有对社会造成不良影响，也没有影响孩子们的学业。” 刘学芳说，“以前确实害怕青春期性教育会适得其反，把握不好这个度。但是现在看来，很顺利，效果也不错，孩子们学会了正确处理青春期的问题。”兰州二中教师丁晓燕说：“上了课之后，学生显得更稳重，更落落大方，在谈论异性交往等话题时，也显得比以前坦然多了。”

Plus peak is introduced,"According to my observation,Students' some inappropriate intimacy to decrease before than,No impact on school spirit,No adverse impact to the society,Also have no effect on the children's school." LiuXueFang said,"Did fear of adolescent sex education will backfire,Grasp the bad this degree.But now it seems,Very well,The result is right also,The children learned to correctly handle the problem of puberty."Lanzhou second teacher DingXiaoYan said:"After the class,Students appear more sedate,More natural and graceful,Talking about heterosexual contacts etc topics,Also appears much more calm than before."

　　到目前为止，两所学校尚未听到反对的声音，最近的一次家长调查显示，有些家长明确表态支持学校开这门课程，希望学校能为孩子补上青春期性教育这门课。兰州二中和兰铁一中正在积极筹划扩大青春期性健康教育覆盖面。据了解，兰铁一中将把课程进一步拓展，从原来的六个班覆盖到高一整个年级。兰州二中规划把高一青春期性教育列入校本课程，高二高三有针对性地开展讲座。在兰州二中，青春期性教育课已经纳入学校的整体教育中，成为其中不可缺少的一部分。(本报记者 宋喜群 本报通讯员 李远广 令叶莹)

So far,Two schools haven't heard the voice of the opposition,A recent survey shows that parents,Some parents explicit bid to support the school open this course,Hoped the school can make up the child adolescent sex education this course.Lanzhou 2 and LanTie one are actively planning to expand puberty sexual health education coverage.It is understood,A LanTie will further expand the course,From the original six class covered the whole grade higher.Lanzhou second planning a adolescent sex education in school-based curriculum,Three high should be carried out in the lecture.Second in lanzhou,Adolescent sex educational curricula have been incorporated into the whole school of education,Become an indispensable part of the.(Our reporter SongXiQun our newspaper reporter LiYuanGuang make YeYing)