仅仅“因为好玩”，浙江温岭幼儿教师颜艳红就把幼童的双耳当“把手”，将其拎至双脚悬空，并要求同事拍照留念；其QQ空间中还有多张儿童被胶带封嘴、倒插垃圾筒的照片；而仅仅是“因为心情不好”，广州市番禺区子惠康复服务中心老师许立欢将年仅4岁的女童瑶瑶凌空甩地摔至右半身偏瘫。接连发生的恶性虐童事件令公众愤怒，反思，我们到底需要怎样的幼儿教育。

only"For fun",Zhejiang wen YanYanGong preschool teachers the young children's ears when"handle",Will the carry to feet dangling,And ask colleagues photos as a souvenir;The QQ space how zhang children were tape FengZui/DaoCha photos of the garbage can;But only a"Because in a bad mood",Guangzhou panyu area child hui rehabilitation service center teacher XuLiHuan will only 4 years old girl YaoYao volley jilt to fall to right half hemiplegia.The ensuing malignant child abuse event make public anger,reflection,What do we need what kind of preschool education.

　　一名教育界人士在接受记者采访时表示，婴幼儿期是一个人接受教育的关键时期，对人生影响深远，因此更应选拔最优秀的教师从事学前教育。颜与许，一个没有取得教师资格证，另一个只有初中毕业。尤其在一些民办幼儿园，仅仅凭“爱心”就可以轻易跨过教师资格证这个门槛。而一些往往从高等学府对口毕业的幼师，其工作量与工作压力形成强烈的对比，造成优秀幼教人才的流失。

A educators when accepting a reporter to interview said,Baby period is a critical period of people to accept education,To the life influence,So we should select the best teachers engaged in preschool education.Yan and make,A teacher certificate have not obtained,Another only graduated from junior high school.Especially in some private kindergarten,Only by"love"Can easily across the threshold of qualification of teacher.And some often from universities graduation of the fine,The workload and work pressure form sharp contrast,Cause the loss of talents excellent preschool education.

　　事实上，幼教与其他任何一个阶段的教育一样，同样需要得到社会最大程度的重视，频频曝光的虐童事件，虽然只是个案，但却暴露了学前教育管理方面的滞后以及财政投入有限所造成的现实困境。虐童事件的发生，或许不仅仅是某个幼师的责任。

In fact,Preschool education and any other stage of the same education,Also need to get the maximum degree of attention,The frequent exposure child abuse event,Although just case,But exposed the preschool education management and the lag of financial investment co., LTD., caused by the real predicament.Child abuse event occurrence,Perhaps is not only a fine responsibility.

　　

幼教的度 Preschool education degree

　　今年10月19日，南方日报记者首次在顺德同江医院见到了在广州一康复中心被老师凌空甩瘫的女童瑶瑶，尽管离事发当天已经过去了将近三个多月，但在事件中受伤的瑶瑶仍然没从阴霾中走出来。记者见到瑶瑶的时候，她的脑袋左部已经手术取出了一部分的头骨，头皮塌陷，而右侧头部也已经做手术排出积血。转到顺德治疗，是因为广州几乎所有医院都让瑶瑶的父母做好孩子站不起来的心理准备，而同江医院的院长周强表示，会尽最大的努力实现他们的心愿。

October 19,,Southern daily reporter for the first time in shunde with jiang hospital met in guangzhou a rehabilitation center is the teacher volley left paralysis girl YaoYao,Although from the day has passed nearly three months,But in the event of injury YaoYao still didn't go out from the haze.Reporters saw YaoYao time,Her head left part has the operation takes out a part of skull,Scalp collapse,And on the right side of the head also have surgery discharge hemorrhage.Turn to shunde treatment,Because guangzhou almost all the hospital make YaoYao parents do children stand mental preparation,With the river and the head of the hospital, zhou qiang, said,Will try our best to realize their wishes.

　　热心的顺德人纷纷来到同江医院探望瑶瑶，给瑶瑶庆祝生日，有市民表示，如果不重视幼儿教育，瑶瑶的悲剧未必会终止。

Enthusiastic in shunde's people came to the hospital to visit YaoYao with river,YaoYao to celebrate a birthday,Have residents said,If you don't pay attention to preschool education,YaoYao tragedy is not necessarily will terminate.

　　这是顺德区大良一栋历史悠久的幼儿园，由旧祠堂改建而成。每天早上7点30分，来接送的家长车辆都会将这条单行道阻塞得水泄不通，张女士送女儿蕾蕾一早来到幼儿园上学，看着女儿越走越远的背影，在门口远远看着的她依然没有离去，她说总是要看着女儿消失在最后一层楼梯，才会匆匆赶去上班。“太宝贝了，就一个女儿，在家里都是她说了算，在幼儿园也不知道老师怎么对待她。”

This is great LiangYiDong shunde district has a long history of the kindergarten,Made from old ancestral temple rebuilt and become.Every day at 7 PM,To shuttle parents vehicles will be the one-way street block water trickled through,Ms. Zhang send daughter budding budding early in the morning to nursery school to go to school,Looking at her more walk more far of figure,In the doorway far look she still did not leave,She said always looking at her disappeared in the last layer stair,Will hurried to go to work."The baby is too,Is a daughter,At home she have the final say,In the kindergarten teacher also don't know what to do with her."

　　至于老师要怎么教育孩子，教育孩子的过程中又是否理解可能发生的危险呢？张女士表示，虽然自己带孩子也难免会有时发生一些意外，但还是不能接受孩子在幼儿园发生任何危险，对于户外活动，张女士的看法是，能不出去尽量不出去，“不指望老师教我的孩子有多优秀，只要孩子健康活泼就行了。”

As for the teacher how education child,Education in the process of children and to understand whether the possibility of danger??Ms. Zhang said,Although their children also hard to avoid can sometimes happen some accident,But I still can't accept children in kindergarten any danger,For outdoor activities,Ms. Zhang view is that,Can not go out as far as possible not to go out,"Don't expect the teacher teach my children have many good,As long as the children healthy and lively line."

　　张女士的看法也代表了一部分家长的看法。很多人送到幼儿园更希望的是孩子开心上学，平安归来，而到底幼教要把握哪个度？哪些幼师该做，哪些不该做，由于普遍缺乏幼教优秀专家，事实上很多家长心中也没底。

Ms. Zhang view also represents the views of parents.A lot of people to nursery schools more hope is happy children to go to school,Back safely,But exactly preschool education to grasp what degree?What fine this do,What not to do,Due to the lack of preschool education outstanding experts,In fact many parents heart also unavoidable.

　　

谁的压力更大 Who more pressure

　　一方面是家长的担心，另一方面承担家长重托的教师也是压力重重。

On the one hand is parents worry,On the other hand take parents great trust teacher is also great pressure.

　　早上10点多，秋日的太阳暖暖地洒在草坪上，大良另一家旧城区幼儿园的上百个孩子们在园内的小山坡上撒了野地跑，一个男孩一转身正好撞上另一个男孩的鼻尖上，被撞的男孩哇一声哭了，鼻子也流血了。带班的熊老师看到了这一幕，立即带着被撞的男孩到医务室进行简单处理，经过校医处理后，见男孩的伤势并无大碍，熊老师带着孩子回到操场，孩子玩性大，又开始与同学耍闹起来。

10 o 'clock in the morning more than,The autumn sun warm on the lawn,Big good another old town kindergarten hundreds of children in the park of small hillside and the run wild,A boy turned around just collided with another boy on the tip of,To be bump boy wow a loud cry,Nose bleeding.Shift bear the teacher saw this scene,Immediately took to be bump boy to the clinic for simple processing,After school doctor after treatment,See the boy's injury is not serious,Bear the teacher took the children to the playground,Children play sex big,Again beginning and classmate gambol up.

　　“放学的时候，男孩家长要是看到他鼻子弄伤了，怎么办呢？”记者问熊老师。他认真地说，你要知道所有小朋友在一起玩耍，偶尔发生碰撞的事件肯定是有的，这个孩子受伤是被另一个同学撞伤的，等到家长来接，同学和老师都会向家长解释这些事情，“一般的家长都会理解。”

"When school,The boy if parents to see his nose hurt,How to do?"The reporter asked bear the teacher.He said it seriously,You have to know all the children played together,Occasionally a collision events must be some,The child is injured by another classmate of contusion,Wait for parents to meet,Students and teachers will interpret these things,"General parents will understand."

　　“会不会家长误会是老师的责任，比如说怀疑是老师打的？”记者问。熊老师表示，孩子发生了擦伤或者受伤等一些问题，老师首先会调查清楚到底是怎么造成的，如果是同学之间互相追逐导致的，会让同学向孩子及家长道歉。如果是孩子自身的问题，也会让孩子自己解释清楚。“我们幼儿园不可能会发生（老师打孩子）这种情况。”

"Will the parents misunderstanding is the teacher's responsibility,For example doubt is playing the teacher?"The reporter asked.Bear the teacher said,The child occurred some problems such as scratch or injury,The teacher first will investigate exactly is how cause,If it is between the classmate to chase each other,Will let students to children and parents apology.If a child of its own problems,Also can let the child to explain clearly."We kindergarten may not happen(The teacher to beat the boy)This kind of situation."

　　正是因为希望避免孩子碰撞受伤的情况发生，以免与家长解释不清，在大良东区的向一家幼儿园极少组织孩子户外活动，“早几年还会在老师的带领下带着孩子上街去游玩，让孩子认识红绿灯、斑马线，过马路等常识，现在都不了，只能在教室里模拟训练，”一名幼师告诉记者，外出的风险太大，一旦发生任何情况谁都承受不起。

It is because children want to avoid collision injury happened,In order to avoid and parents can't explain,In the big good east to a kindergarten children rarely organization outdoor activities,"Early a few years will be under the guidance of teachers took the children took to the streets to play,Let the child know traffic lights/Zebra crossing,Cross the road and common sense,Now is not the,Only in the classroom simulation training,"A fine told reporters,Out of the risk is too big,Once any situation who all could not afford.

　　除了园内安全，在园外也要随时防止一些陌生人士出入。在旧城区一家幼儿园，孩子上下学高峰期总是密密麻麻站着几个保安，拿着警棍守在门口，以应对随时可能发生的危险。

In addition to the security,The vineyard will always prevent some strange people access.In the old city a kindergarten,Children ShangXiaXue peak always thickly dotted stood a few security,Armed with batons keep in the doorway,In response to the possibility of danger at any time.

　　

人才流失 Loss of talented people

　　这所在顺德受到家长普遍信任的机关幼儿园，一共招收600个左右的幼儿，最小的年级是小小班，招收2岁半的孩子，每个班一般有两个带班老师以及一个保育老师组成。除了教师配备齐全，幼师的师资也普遍高于同行业的其他幼儿园。

This place by parents shunde general trust authority kindergarten,For a total of 600 or so children,The smallest grade is small class,Recruit 2 years old of half child,Each class usually have two shift teachers and a conservation of the teacher.In addition to the teacher equipped,Fine teachers are generally higher than other industry kindergarten.

　　记者从该园宣传栏上看到，该园共有51名教师，其中本科以上学历22人，硕士生学历2人，大专以上学历为92%以上。记者采访时看到已经毕业的邱同学来看望带班的张老师，虽然已经从这家幼儿园毕业2年，但仍然时不时要在妈妈的带领下回来探望张老师。而从湖南师范大学音乐系毕业的张老师，业余时间也教很多孩子弹钢琴。仅在去年，这家幼儿园2014年的学位就已经全部爆满，但园长陆月崧还是难免对幼儿园未来的发展有些担忧。

Reporters from the zoo publicity column to see,Zoo there are 51 teacher,Bachelor degree or above, including 22 people,Master's degree 2 people,College degree or above for more than 92%.A reporter to interview see have graduated high students to visit the teacher zhang survey,Although has from the kindergarten graduation 2 years,But now still in mother led back to visit teacher zhang.And from hunan normal university graduated from the department of music teacher zhang,Amateur time also teaches many children playing the piano.Only in the last year,The kindergarten in 2014 degree is already all full,But the principal 陆月崧 or hard to avoid a kindergarten for the development of future is worrying.

　　“我总是想不明白，政府花这么多钱培养老师，怎么不花多点钱留住老师呢？”陆园长告诉记者，近年来已经有多名非常优秀的幼教人才因为待遇及发展平台问题离开了幼教事业。就连佛山市首名男幼师赵国柱，也在去年离开了机关幼儿园转到一家公司就业，离开了17年的幼教事业。

"I always don't understand,The government spend so much money training teacher,Why not spend more money to keep the teacher?"Moreover lu told reporters,In recent years have been a number of very good preschool education talents for treatment and development platform problem left the preschool education career.Even the foshan first name male fine ZhaoGuoZhu,Also in last year left the authority kindergarten turned to a company employment,Left 17 years of preschool education career.

　　“你看我们幼儿园的老师学历是不是都很高，本科以上学历就22人，”该园常务副园长梁园长透露，而这么高学历的老师，全部都没有编制。“他们没有归属感，一个老师就跟我说，在这里打工和在企业打工，都是一样，反正都是为了挣钱。”

"You see we kindergarten teacher education is are very high,Bachelor degree or above is 22 people,"Zoo executive vice calls it long revealed,And so highly educated teachers,All no establishment."They have no sense of belonging,A teacher said to me,Here in the enterprise work and work,Are the same,It is to earn money."

　　记者调查发现，幼师尤其是民办幼师的收入较低，其工作量与工作压力形成强烈对比。早上7点30分，当了11年幼教的梁老师开始参加幼儿园的早会，7点35分开始带小朋友做早操，一直忙到12点10分。这几天天气凉，她又利用园内的电脑系统为孩子家长发温馨短信，此后3点一直上到6点，等到最后一个孩子离开幼儿园，她才带着自己刚上小班的孩子匆匆回家。而在这样强度的工作压力下，她的工资每个月只有4000元左右。而由于她是带班老师，对比保育老师，她的工资已经比他们高出整整一倍。

Reporter survey found,Fine, especially the non-government fine income is relatively low,The workload and work pressure form sharp contrast.Morning 7:30,When the 11 years in preschool education beam the teacher began to attend kindergarten early will,7 35 points began to take children to do morning exercises,Have been busy to 12 PM.These days the weather is cool,She again use the computer system for living long hair SMS,Since then 3 point has been up to 6 points,Until the last of the children from kindergarten,She just took his just on small class children hurried home.In this intensity of work pressure,Her salary each month only 4000 yuan.And because she is shift the teacher,Contrast conservation teacher,Her wages have higher than them a whole times.

　　原在中学里当教师11年的一位老师近期也加入了幼儿园，她给陆园长留下的一句话让陆园印象深刻：“来幼儿园当老师，比中学、小学任何一个阶段都累，几时到周末？”

The original in high school when the teacher 11 years of a teacher recently joined the kindergarten,She calls to land left a deep impression to LiuYuan:"When the teacher to kindergarten,Than middle school/Primary school any one stage are tired,To weekend when?"

　　

发展瓶颈 Development bottleneck

　　提到幼师的累，许多老师最多提及的是心累。在顺德幼师队伍的现状，依然是女教师占了大部分。近几年从外地花大力气引进的男老师，往往到了适婚年龄，都陆续离开了幼教队伍。“学前教育也是吃青春饭啊。”一名入行多年的学前教育人士对此感慨不已，她把25岁总结为这个行业的一个分水岭，“到了这个年纪，很多要结婚生子的干脆就直接辞职了。”

Mention fine tired,Many teachers most mentioned is the heart is tired.In the present situation of shunde fine team,Is still account for the majority of female teachers.In recent years great effort from the other parts of the introduction of male teacher,Often the best age to get married,All were left the preschool education team."Preschool education is also eat green rice ah."A entrants to the years of preschool education people at this feeling,She put the 25 summed up in the industry a watershed,"At this age,A lot to marry and have children simply direct resigned."

　　现年40岁的熊老师是个例外，他当年从江西一搞“文艺创作”的文化机构辞职来到顺德当幼教老师，个中挫折他只概括了一句话：“说真的，都说现在的老师爱孩子很假，但是我还是要说，如果不是爱孩子，我不会坚持幼教14年。”正因为这份执着，如今他已是总务主任，即将到另一间新开的分园当副园长。

The 40-year-old bear the teacher is an exception,He that from jiangxi make"Literary and artistic creation"Cultural institutions to resign to shunde when preschool education teacher,The frustration he only summarized a word:"seriously,All say now teacher love children very false,But I still want to say,If not love children,I won't insist preschool education 14 years."Because of the persistent,Now he is chief of general affairs,Will to another new open points garden when the pair of the principal.

　　但不是所有男幼师都有熊老师这样的机会。事实上，更多的男老师无法面对舆论及养家的压力选择离开。“走了好几个男老师了，”机关幼儿园的常务副园长梁女士说，男幼师思维比较开阔，在策划活动方面，男老师更倾向于天马行空的想象，并把念头融入行动中，去感染孩子，而另一方面，男老师身上的阳光、勇敢和阳刚之气对孩子成长是很有帮助的。事实上，1997年在幼儿园训练出一支优秀的仪仗队、令人叹服不已的赵国柱的辞职，梁园长也感到非常无奈。

But not all male fine have bear the teacher such an opportunity.In fact,More male teacher unable to cope with the pressure of public opinion support and choose to leave."Go several male teacher,"Authorities kindergarten executive vice the principal ms leung said,Male fine thinking more open,In the planning activities,Male teachers tend to the imagination of a powerful and unconstrained style,And put the idea into action,To infection children,And on the other hand,Male teacher on the sunshine/Brave and masculinity impact on children's growth is very helpful.In fact,1997 in kindergarten training out a good guard of honour/A gasp in admiration at the ZhaoGuoZhu resignation,It long also feel very helpless.

　　梁园长呼吁，解决幼儿园教育问题的关键在于幼儿教师的体制保障、发展平台的问题。“我们都说待遇留人、事业留人，可是待遇又不突出，上升渠道又受到限制，怎么留得住人呢？”

It long called for,To solve the kindergarten education the crux of the problem lies in the teachers' system security/The problem of development platform."We all said to attract treatment/Career advancement opportunities,But treatment again not outstanding,Rising channel and is restricted,How to keep them?"

　　记者从顺德区教育局了解到，目前顺德幼儿教育和义务教育阶段的男老师流动性往往比女教师更大，而这一现象在乡镇更为突出。造成这一现象的原因很大程度是由于幼师这个行业的整体收入不高。而男老师往往承担的都是家庭经济支柱重任，而且园内清一色的“娘子军”也难免令男老师产生孤独感，造成优秀人才的流失。

Reporters from shunde district education bureau to know,Currently shunde preschool education and compulsory education stage of the male teacher liquidity than female teachers more big,And this phenomenon in the villages and towns is more outstanding.The reasons of this phenomenon by largely due to fine the industry overall income is not high.And male teacher often assume is family economic pillar burden,And all the"Detachment of women"Also unavoidable make male teacher produces loneliness,Cause the loss of talents.

　　一方面是教育压力在上涨，另一方面又是职业吸引力在下降，对此，有业内人士建议，顺德的民办教育如此发达，对学前教育的师资需求很大，完全加大对学前教育的投入：“政府对教育的投资是必要的，不断招收一些不合资质的幼师，与留住优秀的幼教人才，哪个更重要呢？”一园长反问。 本版撰文： 南方日报记者 陈芷伊 本版摄影： 南方日报记者 李细华

On the one hand is education pressure on the rise,On the other hand is professional attraction on the decline,this,The personage inside course of study suggest,Shunde's private education so developed,On pre-school education teachers demand,Completely increase on pre-school education input:"Government to education investment is necessary,Constantly recruit some qualitative fine joint venture,And keep excellent preschool education talents,Which is more important??"Moreover a rhetorical question. Writing this: Southern daily reporter ChenZhiYi benban photography: Southern daily reporter LiXiHua