随着我国城镇化快速推进，越来越多的农民工随迁子女来到城市。党的十八大报告指出，要积极推动农民工子女平等接受教育，让每个孩子都能成为有用之才。

With the rapid development of urbanization in China,More and more migrant workers SuiQian children came to the city.The party's eighteen pointed out in the report,To actively promote the children of peasant workers equal accept education,Let every child can become good.

　　记者近日走访北京、内蒙古、陕西、湖北、广东等地发现，农民工子弟在城市入学面临“公办校”难进、“民办校”两极分化等问题。未经审批的“非法校”和远近闻名的“明星校”同时存在，是什么让民办农民工子弟校“冰火两重天”？

Recently, reporters to visit Beijing/Inner Mongolia/shaanxi/hubei/Guangdong found,Migrant workers in the city entrance faces"Public school"reacted/"Private school"Problems such as polarization.Without the approval"Illegal school"And famous far and near"Star school"At the same time there,What makes ZiDiJiao private migrant workers"Ice hot flame"?

　　“屋顶小学”12载为何仍有市场？ "Roof primary school"12 years why still have the market?

　　农民工子弟校——武汉市江汉区凌智小学曾经“名噪一时”，因为活动空间有限，只能在屋顶上升旗，凌智小学被媒体称为“屋顶小学”。办学12年后，由于存在安全隐患，教学质量不符合要求等，2011年底凌智小学被停办。

Migrant workers ZiDiJiao - LingZhi ruling by jianghan district of wuhan city primary school once"Make a noise in the world",Because of limited space activities,Only on the roof hoist a flag,LingZhi elementary school by the media called"Roof primary school".School 12 years,In the presence of potential safety problems,The teaching quality is not in conformity with the requirements, etc,By the end of 2011 LingZhi primary school was close down.

　　今年2月，武汉市江汉区教育局将凌智小学423名学生分流到辖区内的两所公办小学，并耗资百万元，安排十几辆校车每天免费接送学生往来于住地和学校。

February,Ruling by jianghan district in wuhan education bureau will LingZhi primary school 423 students shunt to within the jurisdiction of two public elementary school,And cost one million yuan,Arrange more than ten school bus every courtesy student travels the take and school.

　　随后，几十名学生“回流”到9月份恢复招生但无“合法身份”的凌智小学。校长孙红枫告诉记者，两所分流的公办学校距学生住地较远，家长觉得不方便；很多随迁子女家长因为工作时间限制，希望孩子放学后在学校吃晚饭、写作业，分流的公办学校无法实现。

then,Dozens of students"return"In September, but not restore recruit students"Legal status"LingZhi of primary school.The principal SunGongFeng told reporters,Two shunt of public school students far from they,Parents don't feel convenient;A lot of SuiQian children parents because working time limit,Hope the children after school in the school for dinner/homework,Shunt of public school can not be achieved.

　　一方面，死而复生的“屋顶小学”生源不断。另一方面，这所学校位于武汉市拆迁规划范围内，政府无法安排新校址。

On the one hand,phoenix"Roof primary school"Students constantly.On the other hand,The school is located in wuhan city within the scope of the planning,The government could not arrange the new school.

　　记者走访北京、内蒙古、陕西、湖北、广东多地发现，在大城市的流动人口聚居地，民办农民工子弟学校并不少。但多数位于偏远地区或者城市拆迁区，不少学校也因为缺乏固定办学地点等原因得不到审批，有的学校沦为四处搬迁的“非法流动校”。

Reporters visited Beijing/Inner Mongolia/shaanxi/hubei/Guangdong to find,In the big cities of the settlement of the floating population,Private school and a lot of migrant workers.But most is located in remote areas or the city area,Many schools also because of the lack of fixed school site and other reasons can not get approval,Some schools to move around"Illegal flow school".

　　北京市农民工子弟学校——行知实验学校虽然获得了审批，但随着北京市城中村改造拆迁速度加快，学校十多年来不断搬迁。每一次找新校址都考验着校长易本耀的“能力”，他甚至将搬迁历程绘成了一张“十年漂泊图”。

Beijing school of migrant workers, the relevant experimental school although won the approval,But as Beijing city village reconstruction the speed,School ten years continuously move.Every time looking for a new school is easy to test a principal this ""ability",He even will removal process was a draw"Ten years drift diagram".

　　农民工子弟校也能办成“明星校” Migrant workers ZiDiJiao can also be"Star school"

　　与四处漂泊的流动学校不同，记者在各地也看到一些民办农民工子弟学校办成“明星校”的例子。这些学校多数享受政府的政策支持、资金投入，同时得到社会的帮扶、关注，并拥有一位强有力的校长和一套个性化的办学思路。

And the flow of the drift around school is different,Reporter also saw some run by the local people around in migrant workers finished school"Star school"example.Most of these schools to enjoy the policy of the government support/funds,At the same time get social supporting/attention,And have a strong President and a set of personalized managerial train of thought.

　　北京市星河双语学校是一所打工子弟小学。创建6年来，坚持“双语教学”“习惯养成教育”两大办学特色，从最初的298名学生发展到1500余名学生，成为北京市农民工随迁子女的“明星校”。

The Milky Way is a bilingual school for children of primary school.Create six years,Adhere to the"Bilingual teaching""Habits education"Two teaching characteristics,From the first 298 student development to more than 1500 students,For the children of migrant workers SuiQian"Star school".

　　71岁的校长李守义做了54年教育工作。在他看来，办好打工子弟学校的“突破点”是特色办学。“我们抓懂礼貌、勤洗手、冲厕所的行为习惯；更抓爱学习、勤思考的学习习惯，很快赢得了家长和社会的认可。”

The 71 - year - old President LiShouYi made 54 years education work.In his view,Have done well in the school for children"Breakthrough point"Is running characteristics."We catch polite/To wash their hands often/Flush the toilet behavior habits;More grasp love learning/Think much study habits,Soon won the parents and the society's acceptance."

　　李守义告诉记者，因为成长环境的限制，农民工随迁子女在见识、基本能力、心理素质等方面与城市孩子存在一定差距；一些随迁子女父母因为工作等原因，不能常常关照孩子的学习；此外，随迁子女的流动性也比较大。这些特点，使农民工子弟校和普通学校办学存在差异。

LiShouYi told reporters,Because of the limitation of the growth environment,Migrant workers SuiQian children in knowledge/Basic ability/Psychological quality and there is a disparity between the city children;Some SuiQian children parents for work and other reasons,Can't often care children's study;In addition,SuiQian children's liquidity is also great.These characteristics,Make migrant workers ZiDiJiao and ordinary school differences.

　　在大部分生源是随迁子女的陕西省榆林市榆林高专附中，该校副校长王圣祥发现，很多随迁子女初次来到城市，没见过电影院、网吧、KTV，对此充满了好奇。为了“疏而导之”，学校每年开学组织学生看电影、参观网吧等。对流动性大的随迁子女，学校实行学习成绩的“动态管理”，发现哪个学生成绩弱，就个别了解情况，区别制定教学方案。2012年毕业生中，考取二本以上学校的有600多人。

In most of the students is SuiQian children yulin yulin attached to college,The vice President WangShengXiang found,A lot of SuiQian children first came to the city,Haven't seen the cinema/Internet cafe/KTV,It is filled with curiosity.In order to"Drainage and guide the",The school every year, organizes the student to see a movie/Visit such as Internet cafes.Liquidity to the SuiQian children,The school grades"Dynamic management",Find out which students weak,Will individual information,The difference between the teaching scheme formulated.2012 graduates,Pass 2 above school more than 600 people.

　　两极分化 随迁子女如何“有学上”？ Polarization SuiQian children"A study on"?

　　记者采访发现，一些农民工子弟校可以办成“明星校”，而另一些却处于“非法校”或“漂泊校”的状态，两极分化严重。

Reporters found that,Some migrant workers ZiDiJiao can be"Star school",And others are in"Illegal school"or"Drift correction"state,Polarization serious.

　　对此，北京师范大学首都基础教育研究院执行副院长梁威认为，个别“明星校”的成就，与校长个人的“办学力”关系很大。中山大学社会学与人类学学院副教授贺立平则担心，政府由于财力、资源的限制，不能普遍支持民办农民工随迁子女学校；如果集中精力扶持几所，虽然可以很快看到成绩，但结果会导致“马太效应”，好的越好，差的越差，难以实现教育公平。

this,Beijing normal university's capital base education institute executive vice dean LiangWei think,individual"Star school"achievement,And the principal of the individual"Do professional qualification"Matter much.Sun yat-sen university sociology and anthropology professor HeLiPing is worry,The government due to financial/Resource constraints,Can't generally support private migrant workers SuiQian school children;If you focus on support several,Although can quickly see results,But the results can lead to"Matthew effect",Good better,Sent the difference,To realize the education fair.

　　梁威认为，仅靠个别校长的能力不足以解决农民工随迁子女义务教育阶段的入学问题，应该由政府主导，主要通过公办学校来安排。一些办学条件允许或者不能马上消失的民办学校可以作为补充，不能让农民工随迁子女因为“没学上”，错失教育的最佳时期。

LiangWei think,Only on individual the headmaster's ability to address the difficulties rural migrant workers SuiQian children compulsory education stage of the entrance problem,Should the government leading,Mainly through the public school to arrange.Some school running conditions allow or not immediately disappear of the non-government schools can be used as a supplement,Can't let children because SuiQian migrant workers"No studies",Miss the best period of education.

　　记者了解到，按照我国目前的政策，各地义务教育经费和投入主要依据户籍人口数量来确定，这就在人口流入地造成了“僧多粥少”的局面。如何用有限的城市教育资源，满足逐年增加的随迁子女入学需求，对各地教育部门都是挑战。

The reporter understands,According to China's current policy,All obligations education funds and investment main basis to determine the population census register,It is in the defined caused"Placements across"situation.How to use the limited education resources city,To meet rising demand SuiQian their children to school,For the different education departments is a challenge.

　　中国社会科学院社会发展战略研究院院长李汉林认为，将义务教育经费跟着流动人口、而不是按照户籍人口下拨，会有助于各地财政安排流动人口子女就学问题。(记者丁静、张丽娜、詹奕嘉、廖君)

The Chinese academy of social sciences institute of social development strategy of LiHanLin think,The obligation education funds follow floating population/Not according to census register population stir,Will help all financial arrangement floating population problem children's schooling.(Reporter DingJing/ZhangLiNa/ZhanYiJia/LiaoJun)