艺考，“捷径”还是“囧途”？ Art exam,"shortcut"or"Sorry way"?

　　艺考，要选拔什么样的人才？ Art exam,To select what kind of person?

　　艺术素养，又是否能靠速成“习”得？ Art literacy,And whether it can crash"xi"Have to?

　　面对不少专业高达98%的淘汰率—— Faced with many professional as much as 98% of elimination rate --

　　二月的北京乍暖还寒，却丝毫挡不住艺考的热度。画夹、乐器、背包、拖箱……年味儿还没散去，各大艺术院校里纷纷涌入的考生和家长便共同打响了一场“艺考攻坚战”。

The soil of Beijing in February,The heat of the but no stop art test.about/Musical Instruments/backpack/Drag boxes……NianWeiEr hasn't cleared,Flocked in major art institutions jointly launched a examinee and parent"Skill tests to be completed".

　　这一次，全国有接近百万人怀揣各自梦想加入了浩荡的“艺考大军”，占所有高考生的10%左右。北京某艺术院校招生老师赵楠(化名)告诉记者，参加艺考的固然有不少从小喜爱艺术、并经历过系统专业培训的考生，可更多的是那些本身对艺术兴趣不大，只是将其视作升学“捷径”的“速成生”，“不少人在高二或者高三‘见试不妙’才仓促文转艺、理转艺，甚至学段快板就敢上场，但结果也往往可想而知。”

This time,There are nearly one million people with their dream joined the thundering"Art force test",About 10% of all students.Beijing art academy of recruit students teacher Zhao Nan(Not his real name)Told reporters,To participate in art exam is many loved art since childhood/And through the examinee of professional training system,But more is those itself has no interest in art,Just as it enters a higher school"shortcut"the"Crash was born","Many people in the two or three‘Try see bad’Just hastily turned to art/Richard turned to art,Study section of the clapper talk even dare to play,But also tend to imagine the outcome."

　　艺考，要选拔什么样的人才？艺术素养，又是否能靠速成“习”得？在不断增加的时间、金钱成本和身心的双重付出背后，面对不少专业高达98%的淘汰率，它究竟是一条人人可及的“捷径”，还是一段劳民伤财的“囧途”？

Art exam,To select what kind of person?Art literacy,And whether it can crash"xi"Have to?Are on the increase of time/Double pay back money and body and mind,In the face of a lot of professional elimination rate as high as 98%,It is a reachable for everyone"shortcut",Or a waste of money and"Sorry way"?

　　艺考，不易！

Art exam,Not easy to!

　　这个春节，为了应对即将到来的艺考，山西姑娘王茜和父母是在北京东四环的一个出租屋里度过的。而此前，她已经在附近的一个艺术培训班里学习了三个多月。

The Spring Festival,In response to the upcoming art test,Shanxi girl wang is east 4th ring road in Beijing with my parents spent a rented house.after,She was in a nearby art training class in more than three months.

　　王茜来自晋北一个不足十万人的小县城。寒假一开学，班里34个学生“呼啦”走了一半——“都是在外面奔波赶考的”。

Wang from the Shanxi Province is a small county town of less than one hundred thousand people.A winter vacation begins,34 students in my class"shout"Go half --"Are travelling outside place".

　　这是一所被县里人戏称为“艺术家和运动员摇篮”的高中，每年二三十个考上大学的学生里，有一大半是艺术或体育特长生。“成绩不好就学个艺术”也成为不少家长口口相传的“升学法宝”，“不管怎么样，文化课成绩相对低一点，总还有些上大学的希望。”

This is a dubbed by the county people"Cradle artists and athletes"The high school,In several dozens of students admitted to the university each year,There are more than half is artistic or athletic performance."Bad grades in school art"Also become a lot of parents of word of mouth"Enters a magic weapon","No matter what,Academic achievement is relatively low,Always have hope to go to university."

　　几经筛选，文化课成绩一般的王茜将“看起来不大需要专业基础的影视编导”选作了自己的“特长”，也从此踏上了“专业培训——辗转赶考”的“特长速成轨迹”。“为了提高命中率，我一共报了6所学校的13个专业，贴点边儿的都先报着，多拿几个校级合格证也觉得高考能多点筹码。”

After screening,Academic achievement to wang will in general"Look very need professional film and television playwright-director"Chosen for his own"specialty",Also on"Professional training, and take exams"the"Special quick track"."In order to improve the hit rate,I reported a total of 6 13 professional schools,Stick together all at the first,Take a few more field certification can also feel the university entrance exam more chips."

　　就为了吃到这颗所谓的“定心丸”，绝大多数的“速成”艺考生和王茜一样选择了参加培训班，也为此付出了不菲的代价。记者从多家培训机构的广告中了解到，艺考生三个月的培训费用至少要上万元，而一些打着“零基础入学，24小时入门”的“名师培训班”收费更是高达几百元甚至每小时上千元。再加上报名费、住宿费、路费等，每个艺考生考试季的花费得四五万元。

In order to eat the so-called"certainty",The vast majority of"A crash"Art examinee like wang chose to attend training classes,Also paid a high price.Reporters learned from training institutions and a number of the advertisement,Art examinee three months of training cost should be at least tens of thousands of yuan,And some of the name"Zero basis of admission,Introduction to 24 hours"the"Teacher training course"Charge up to hundreds of yuan or even thousands of yuan per hour.Coupled with the application fee/accommodation/The trip, etc.,Each art examinee exam season spend four or five of ten thousand yuan.

　　可即便是投入不小，面对日益激烈的竞争，不少“速成生”还是因为专业基础不牢而“打了酱油”。“有的学生一张嘴就是一口的培训班腔调，一味模仿却丧失了表演的本真。还有的学生为了参加所谓的专业培训，荒废了本就不太好的文化知识学习，艺考、高考成绩都不理想。”赵楠的话仿佛告诉我们，艺考这条“捷径”，还真不那么好走。

But even in,In the face of increasingly fierce competition,A lot of"Crash was born"Or because not firm and professional basis"To play the soy sauce"."Some students a mouth is a training class,But blindly imitate the authenticity of the loss of performance.And students to participate in the so-called professional training,Waste this is not a very good learning culture knowledge,Art exam/The university entrance exam is not ideal."Zhao Nan seems to tell us,Art on this article"shortcut",Don't so easy.

　　考的不是技巧，是素养！

Take an examination of is not skill,Is the quality!

　　“艺考的目的是选拔那些具有艺术天分、艺术潜质的优秀人才，而不是你已经具备这种专业技能了，我们老师通过考核过程中能够把学生这种专业潜质挖掘出来。真正的专业学习是需要在大学里而不是在培训班里完成的。甚至有时候我们会发现这样的情况，不少好的胚子在培训班里被教拧了，还需要在大学里花很大的气力扳回来。”在中国传媒大学招生办主任夏丹眼里，不少人的误区就在于很多孩子可能不具有专业潜质或能力，却非要送去培训班，而这种没有艺术热爱的速成恰恰是不可取的。

"Art test purpose is to select those who have artistic talents/Art potential talents,Rather than you already have the professional skills,Our teacher through examination to the students in the process of the professional potential.The real professional learning is need rather than in the training course in college.Sometimes we may find the situation,Some good guy in the training classes are taught in the twist,Also need to spend a lot of strength in college come back."The dean of admissions at the communication university of China, chardin's eyes,Many people mistake is that many children may not have professional potential or ability,But don't want to sent to training classes,And this is not love art crash is not desirable.

　　即便是凭着短期的“速成”闯过了艺考关，值得担忧的还有入校后的学艺过程。山西师范大学音乐系的一位教师告诉记者，如果“半路出家”的考生仅凭临阵磨枪的机械记忆和模仿侥幸通过艺考，也同样面对着在大学里从文化生向艺术生的彻底转化，没有兴趣或者是好的心态，很容易因为专业课吃不消而耽误学习。

Even with short term"A crash"Through the art test,Worry and enrolled after the training process.Shanxi normal university music department of a teacher tells a reporter,if"Halfway decent"Candidates with only need mechanical memory and imitation made it through art,Is also facing the born in universities from the cultural to the thorough transformation of art students,Not interested in or is a good state of mind,Because is too much for specialized courses and delaying study easily.

　　一面是难以“速成”的专业基础，另一方面，逐渐增大的文化分数权重也让不少想走艺考“捷径”的考生压力不小。

One side is difficult to"A crash"Professional basis,On the other hand,Gradually increasing weight fraction of culture, arts exam let many wants to go to"shortcut"The examinee of pressure.

　　早在年前，就有媒体报道，教育部拟从2014年起提高艺术类招生文化课的控制分数线。其中，美术类本科专业学生的文化课控制分数线，不能低于同批次普通文理科学生文化成绩的70%；音乐专业学生不能低于同批次普通文理科考生文化成绩的65%。而这一转变，在今年的艺考招生中也可见端倪。据了解，根据专业学习性质的不同，今年北京电影学院招生的25个专业方向中，按照文化成绩排序择优录取的专业和按专业成绩与文化课成绩综合排序录取的专业占80%；而中国传媒大学也表示，将逐步加大对考生文化知识的考核力度，同时，为了避免专业特别突出的考生被“死”的分数线卡住，该校还启动了拔尖创新人才计划，全方位地选拔优秀艺术人才。

In early years ago,There are media reports,Since 2014 the ministry of education plans to improve control fractional line of literacy class of recruit students of the arts.Among them,Fine arts class undergraduate course specialized students' academic scores control,Not less than 70% of the ordinary the admitted students culture with batch;Music professional students can't below batches with ordinary liberal arts examinee culture grade of 65%.While this shift,In this year's art exam admissions also anticipated.We have learned,In the light of the different nature of professional study,This year the Beijing film academy admissions 25 professional direction,Sorted by cultural performance merit of specialized and professional performance and academic achievements by the admissions professional accounted for 80%;And the communication university of China said,Will gradually increase the intensity of the appraisal of students cultural knowledge,At the same time,In order to avoid a major special outstanding candidates"die"The fractional line of stuck,The school also launched the top creative talent plan,Select outstanding talents in all aspects.

　　“有些艺术专业，甚至比普通考生更需要文化素养。”著名画家韩美林对于艺术人才的选拔、培养也有着自己的独到心得，“有了这个养料，他才能透过表象把握社会实质，也才能弄明白自己的精神根脉。”

"Some of the arts,Even more important than ordinary students cultural quality."Famous painter han meilin art to talent selection/Culture also has its own unique insight,"With this feed,He can grasp the social essence through representation,And to understand their own spiritual roots."

　　“艺术家不是逼出来的，艺术是涌动出来的”

"Artists aren't pushed out,Art is flowing out"

　　“踏上艺考这条路前，首先要看孩子有没有天分，其次要看孩子热不热爱这个行业。”夏丹认为，无论是家长、还是考生，在选择参加艺考时，要结合自己的天赋和潜力进行理性的思考和判断，如果仅仅是为了获取一纸名校敲门砖而被迫踏上艺考路，对于孩子的长远发展来说并不是一件好事，“更何况，这从本质上来说，并不是一条捷径。”

"Before his art on the road,First to see whether the children have talent,Second heat to see children love this industry."Chardin think,Both parents/Or the candidate,When choosing to attend art test,Want to combine their talents and potential to carry on the rational thinking and judgment,If only to get a paper ticket and schools were forced to set foot on art road test,For the long-term development of the child is not a good thing,"What's more,This in essence,Is not a shortcut."

　　有事例为证。早在去年，上海市教委就将艺术设计、表演、播音与主持艺术等多个本科专业列为“年度预警专业”，建议艺术类院校压缩10%的招生规模，原因是这些专业连续多年就业签约率低。

There are examples to prove it.As early as last year,The Shanghai education commission will art design/performance/Such undergraduate majors as a broadcasting and hosting art"Annual warning professional",Suggested that art college enrollment scale of compressed 10%,Because the professional employment contract rate is low for many consecutive years.

　　而中国音协分党组书记徐沛东也曾大声疾呼，艺考一方面给喜爱艺术、具有艺术特长和天赋的学生提供了一个良好的平台，另一方面也成为某些孩子的噩梦，这些孩子从小就被强求学习音乐、舞蹈、画画，家长一厢情愿的情况比较多。徐沛东呼吁，艺考的功能应该是给热爱艺术的孩子提供实现梦想的机会和平台，而那些志趣不在艺术的孩子，家长们该放手时就放手，不宜强求。

While China YinXie appointe secretary-general of Xu Peidong had loudly,Art on the one hand to love art/With art specialty and gifted students provides a good platform,On the other hand also become some child's nightmare,These children are striving to learn music at an early age/dance/Drawing a picture,Parents are more than wishful thinking.Xu Peidong called for,Art test function should be to give children love art providing opportunities and platforms to make my dream come true,Kids and the interest is not art,The parents have to let it go when it's letting go,Should not be forced.

　　“艺术家不是逼出来的，艺术是涌动出来的。把艺考当成是救命稻草是不可取的。”也许，著名雕塑家吴为山的这句话告诉我们的是，艺考本身，从来就无“捷径”和“囧途”之争，关键在于你为何而来。(本报记者 邓晖)

"Artists aren't pushed out,Art is flowing out.The art exam as lifeline is not desirable."maybe,Famous sculptor wu tells us is this sentence,Art on itself,Never without"shortcut"and"Sorry way"battle,Why is the key to you.(Our reporter Deng Hui)