海宁

haining

　　国内成品油价“三连降”已是板上钉钉。7月9日，国家发改委价格司副司长周望军表示，油价下调的条件已经满足，7月11日调价时间窗口开启的同时油价将下调，下降幅度将超过4%。周望军称，将择机推进成品油价格改革方案，成品油价格新机制年内肯定会推出。（7月10日《上海证券报》）

Domestic product oil prices“Rising three”Already was do-or-die。July 9,，The national development and reform commission price department chief of weeks at army said，Oil prices drop condition is satisfied，July 11, time window opens there at the same time oil prices will fall，Decline of more than 4%。Weeks at army says，Will promote the product prices reform plan，Oil prices will certainly introduced new years。（July 10,《Shanghai stock certificate report》）

　　这是发改委官员首次提前明确公开成品油调价时间。此前，按照成品油价格机制，只要满足“国际原油连续22个工作日移动平均价格变化超过4%”这个条件就应该调价，但往往不仅不按时调价，还经常出现突然袭击式的调价，让车主们猝不及防。

This is the first time to the national development and reform commission officials ahead of public product oil refiners clear time。after，According to the oil price mechanism，As long as meet“International crude oil for 22 consecutive working day moving average price changes more than 4%”This condition should be there，But often not only there not on time，Also often appear suddenly attack type refiners，Let owners were unexpected。

　　袭击式的调价，直接造成车主深夜排队加油现象，不仅影响交通，而且折腾车主。

The type of attacks there，Directly cause the owner of a queue for late night phenomenon，Affect not only traffic，And toss the owner。

　　如果成品油价格机制合理，并严格按照规定执行，车主们很清楚什么时间涨价什么时间降价，就不会出现深夜排队加油等异常现象。而目前这种不合理的机制，实际上造成了信息不对称，车主们不知道调价的确切时间，而据笔者所知，中石油与中石化（即“两桶油”）早在调价几天前就从内部获得调价信息。

If the oil price mechanism is reasonable，And strictly according to the regulations，Owners were very clear what time what price rise time，There won't be a late night line up gas abnormal phenomenon。And at present the unreasonable mechanism，In fact caused the information asymmetry，The owners don't know the exact time of pricing，And according to the author knows，Petrochina and sinopec（namely“Two barrels of oil”）As early as in a few days before refiners from internal pricing for information。

　　于是，出现了这样一种怪象，即涨价前几天“两桶油”的批发和零售环节减少供应、囤积成品油等待涨价；而在降价前几天，则加大促销力度以赚取更多利润。也就是说，调价时间不透明给车主们造成了损害，却给垄断企业创造了利润。

so，Appeared a strange like this，That is a few days before the price“Two barrels of oil”The wholesale and retail link to reduce supply、Hoarding oil waiting for prices；And in a few days before the price，The increasing sales promotion efforts to make more profit。That is，Time is not transparent pricing to cause damage to the car，But to create a monopoly profits。

　　在笔者看来，本次“预告式调价”不能只是偶尔出现，应该制度化常态化，即在相关价格法律法规中明确，政府定价的商品应该在调价之前的一个合理时间进行预告，以提醒各个方面做好相关准备，严禁袭击式调价和偷偷调价。对水价、电价、气价、火车票价等公共品的价格，都应该提前一定时间进行预告。

In the author looks，the“Forecast type refiners”Can't just occasionally appear，Should the institutionalization of normality，That is in the related laws and regulations clearly in the price，The government of the price of goods should be in before a reasonable pricing of time warning，To remind all aspects related to do，It is strictly prohibited to attack type and secretly introduce refiners。Water price to、Electricity price、Gas price、Train fares are the price of the products, etc，Should notice in advance for some time。

　　尤其是《石油价格管理办法（试行）》，即年内新推出的成品油价格新机制，要把“预告式调价”明确纳入其中，比如，在调价两天前预告涨价或跌价，并明确幅度；即使考虑到国内经济和民生慎重调价或者说不按时调价，也应该提前说明原因，并在准确的调价时间前两天进行预告。

especially《Oil price management approach（trial）》，That year the launch of new product oil price mechanism，the“Forecast type refiners”Included in the clear，For example，There two days prior notice in price increases or depreciates，And clearly range；Even allowing for the domestic economy and people's livelihood there or not there on time carefully，Should also explain in advance reasons，And on the correct time to introduce two days before the forecast。

　　而且，笔者所说的“预告式调价”，不仅是对成品油而言，与成品油价格有关联的出租车附加费、航油附加费的调整，也应该在成品油价格新机制中进行明确，并提前预告。考虑到燃油附加费跟涨不跟跌，各地政府部门和某些行业调价不及时，各自为政，国家应该进行统一规定，统一管理，让价格联动真正联起来。

and，The author said“Forecast type refiners”，Not only for oil is concerned，And product prices have associated taxi fares、Neither the surcharge of adjustment，Should also in new product prices in the clear，And advance notice。Considering the fuel surcharge to rise to fall，Local governments and some industry not in time there，Each does things in his own way，Countries should undertake unity regulations，Unified management，Let the price linkage really united up。