看到江西省新余市将用财政为当地最大民营企业抹平还贷缺口的消息，曹志龙感觉有些“荒唐”。作为上海市律师协会国资国企业务研究委员会副主任的他，对记者一再强调，“从财政的公共属性看，即使是为国企兜底，也是不可以的。”

See the jiangxi province xinyu will use for the area's largest private enterprise financial whisked off the news of payments gap，CaoZhiLong feel some“absurd”。As the Shanghai lawyers association inspected business research, deputy director of the state-owned enterprises of him，Repeatedly stressed that the reporters，“From a financial public attribute look，Even if is out for state-owned enterprises，Also is not possible。”

　　公开信息显示，这家身背巨债、又得政府援手的企业正是江西赛维LDK光伏界曾经最闪耀的明星。就在它摇摇欲坠之际，命运似乎对它抛出了最后的橄榄枝：即将到期的5亿元信托贷款会被纳入地方财政预算。

Public information display，With the huge debt、And the government help enterprise is LDK LDK photovoltaic industry had the most glittering star。In it the ramshackle，Fate seems to it out the final offer：500 million expiring yuan trust loan will be included in the local financial budget。

　　摆在昔日新能源首富、公司掌门人彭小峰面前的，是一道对等的算术题。仅去年1-5月，赛维就缴纳地税近2个亿。但市场显然没有做好充分的接受准备，财政救企业被广泛认为等于“公器私用”。新余市副市长贺为华昨晚回应称，新余对于赛维的资金支持需要赛维资产做抵押。

In former new energy's richest man、Company chief executive PengXiaoFeng of before，Is a equivalence in arithmetic。Last year only 1-5 month，"D is pay nearly 2 land tax to。But the market apparently didn't make enough to accept，Financial rescue enterprise widely considered equal to“And implement their”。Xinyu deputy mayor for China responded that royal last night，For the resulting financial support to the d d assets do mortgage。

　　律师建议

The lawyer recommended

　　纳税人可以提出举报申诉

Taxpayers can put forward to report appeal

　　“地方政府这么做，不仅不合规，从法理上也说不通，企业债务是经济行为，债务主体是必须有针对性的，不可变更，现在等于是将企业的债务主体变成了地方政府。 ”大成律师事务所资深律师郑志对记者表示。

“The local government to do so，Not only not compliance，From the legal also said couldn't get through，Enterprise debt is economic behavior，Debt is subject to targeted，Do not change，Now and then the debts of the venture will become the subject of local government。 ”Dacheng law firm senior lawyer ZhengZhi told reporters。

　　曹志龙也从市场角度为记者解读：“民营企业依据《公司法》，如果无法偿还债务，应该进行破产清算，根据法律认定承担有限责任，以出资额为限，向债权人分配现有资产。 ”

CaoZhiLong also from the market point of interpretation for journalists：“Private enterprise based on《Company law》，If unable to repay its debts，Should the bankruptcy liquidation，According to law for that limited liability，With capital contribution in the limit of，Existing assets to the obligee distribution。 ”

　　“如果地方支柱企业实在还不上债务，政府可以协调提供融资，直接纳入财政预算没有法律依据。 ”郑志告诉记者，类似的事尚无先例，“在经济下滑周期，这个口子一开，大家都靠地方政府救，不就等于回到了政企不分的状态？ ”

“If the place where it is not on the backbone enterprises debts，The government can coordinate to provide financing，Directly into the budget without legal basis。 ”ZhengZhi told reporters，Similar things thirties，“In the economic downturn cycle，The cut a open，Everyone by local governments save，Don't equal to return to the state of indistinction between？ ”

　　据悉，7月12日，新余市人大常委会召开第七次会议，已经审议通过了市人民政府关于将江西赛维LDK公司向华融国际信托有限责任公司偿还信托贷款的缺口资金纳入同期年度财政预算的议案。

It is reported，July 12,，Xinyu its seventh National People's Congress standing committee meeting，Has adopted the municipal people's government about will LDK LDK company leading international trust to a limited liability company to repay the loan funds into the gap in the trust from the annual financial budget bill。

　　曹志龙和郑志都对记者强调，即使财政使用方案已经通过了地方人大，也并不代表就是合法的。 “当地监督部门有权提出异议，市委或上一级人大完全可以实行监督权。如裁定地方决议违法，上级大人是可以撤销的。 ”

CaoZhiLong and ZhengZhi are emphasized to reporters，Even if the financial use plan has been through the place National People's Congress，Also not representative is legal。 “Local supervision department has the right to protest，The municipal party committee or the higher level people's congress can implement supervision。Such as local ruling resolution illegal，Superior adult was may be revoked。 ”

　　此事也在民间草根激起热议。如果监管不到位，作为纳税人的他们又有哪些权利？对此，曹志龙认为，以目前已经公开的信息看，新余市政府的做法确实不伦不类，任何有质疑的纳税人都可以依法举报申诉到政法委，“财政收入只能用于公共事业、国计民生，纳税的公民都享有质疑的权利。 ”

It has aroused in folk grassroots hot debate。If regulation is not in place，As a taxpayer and they have what right？this，CaoZhiLong think，At the current public information has been watching，The resulting government practice is really neither fish nor fowl，Any question the taxpayer can appeal to the legal committee report according to law，“Financial income can only be used for public career、Relating to the，Tax the citizens enjoy the rights of the question。 ”

　　企业声音

Enterprise voice

　　半年贡献逾6亿税收焉能不救

Half a year more than 600 million tax contribution how could save

　　身处“风暴眼”的赛维LDK却也对记者喊起冤。 “我们去年前5个月就缴了6亿税，现在企业发展遇到一些困难，地方政府托一托只是共度难关。”记者查阅资料看到，2011年1月至5月，赛维LDK在高新区共纳国税40412万元，所纳地税19975万元，均呈几何式增长。其中，所纳国税占高新区光伏企业纳税总额93.6%，所纳地税更是占96%，当时确实是全市居首的纳税大户。再翻看2010年公开的资料，1月到11月，赛维也贡献国税14071万元，地税9181万元。换言之，现在政府想用来为贷款兜底的钱，几乎是将赛维近几年交的地税“吐了出来”。

in“Storm eye”But also the d LDK to reporters shouted on hand。 “Our first five months last year paid 600 million tax，Now enterprise development meet with some difficulties，The local government has a "just this together。”Reporter data access to see，In January 2011 to may，The high-tech zone, in total dimension LDK national tax 404.12 million yuan，The land tax 199.75 million yuan,，Both have geometrical type growth。Among them，The national hi-tech zone, accounting for 93.6% of the total tax photovoltaic enterprise，The land tax is on 96%，Had really is the city's number one large taxpayer。Looking through again in 2010 public material，From January to November，"D also contribute 140.71 million yuan duty，Land tax 91.81 million yuan。In other words，Now the government wanted to loan money to out，Will the d in recent years is almost in land tax“Spit it out”。

　　除此，赛维还为新余市解决了大量就业。至少赛维自己认为，如此企业，堪当救援。但尴尬的现实是，即使地方政府愿意救，也未必有能力全盘兜底因为，赛维欠下的债务已经“多得没谱”。目前赛维的负债高达300亿元左右。而新余市2011年的财政总收入只有111亿元，比2010年的80亿元左右上升约40%。而在这111亿元中，30%还需要上交中央，可以支配的金额也就在70亿-80亿元左右。即使倾新余市一市之力也无法解决赛维的财务问题。

In addition，"For xinyu solve the dimension of employment。At least that the d，So enterprise，Deserve rescue。But the reality is embarrassing，Even if the local government willing to save，Also don't necessarily have the ability to completely out for，"D debt has“Much MeiPu”。At present the dimensional liabilities as high as 30 billion yuan or so。And 2011 years of xinyu fiscal revenue of 11.1 billion yuan only，More than 2010 years of 8 billion yuan up by about 40%。And in the 11.1 billion yuan，30% also need to hand in the central，The amount of can dominate in 7 billion-8 billion yuan。Even if the strength of a city pour xinyu also can't solve the d's financial problems。

　　事实上，2011年 “一叶知秋”的赛维就曾多次下调季度收入预期，结果全年亏损54.48亿元。而到了今年一季度，公司继续巨亏2.752亿美元，毛利率更是连续两个季度达到了史无前例的负65.5%，近两个季度的运营总亏损逼近了7亿美元。

In fact，2011 years “YiYeZhiQiu”The "d had repeatedly cut quarterly earnings expectations，Results in loss 5.448 billion yuan。And by the first quarter of this year，The company continues to huge deficit of $275.2 million，Gross profit margin is two consecutive quarters of negative reached an unprecedented 65.5%，Nearly two quarter operating total losses approaching $700 million。

　　专家观点

Experts point

　　分歧关键在于如何定义“财政”

The key is how to define differences“financial”

　　对于这样一家曾经对地方财政和就业有过巨大贡献的民营企业，地方政府究竟该不该施以援手？虽然舆论几乎一片哗然，中国税务学会理事胡怡建却有另一番解读。

For such a once to local finance and employment had great contribution to the private enterprises，What the local government should not to help？Although almost a public opinion soured，China association HuYiJian tax has another sort of reading。

　　“从理论上说，公共财政主要提供公共服务，民营企业是市场化私人品，公民税收用于私人品之上就显得特别荒唐，但有一个实际问题是，中国的财政理念并不完全与现代财政理念贴合。 ”胡怡建对记者表示，对“财政”实际意涵可能存在的误解导致了分歧所在。

“In theory，Public finance mainly provide public services，The private enterprise is private product market，Citizens tax for private product above is especially absurd，But there is a practical problem is，China's financial concept is not completely and modern financial concept joint。 ”HuYiJian told reporters，to“financial”Practical implications may misconceptions led to disagree。

　　“我们的"财政"实际不完全是民生财政，政府也承担经济建设的职能，过去是给一些优质企业减免税，后来中央不允许了，地方就给一些财政补贴，这就是从预算专款中来，政府要履行经济建设的职能，吸引企业落地投产。 ”胡怡建告诉记者，这和西方现代意义上的“财政”存在一些区别。在这种背景下，适当支持企业过冬也能说得通。 “这里面牵扯到一个问题，企业亏损了是找市场还是找市长？从现实情况看，政府或多或少还是不能完全撇清。 ”

“our"financial"The actual not completely is the people's livelihood finance，The government also bear the functions of the economic construction，The past is for some high quality enterprise of tax reductions or exemptions，Then the central not allowed，Place it is to some financial subsidies，This is from the budget to fund，The government to perform the functions of the economic construction，Attract enterprise ground put into production。 ”HuYiJian told reporters，This and modern western sense of“financial”There are some differences between。In this context，Appropriate support enterprise for the winter also can sense。 “It involved in a problem，The losses of the enterprise is to find the market or find a mayor？From the reality to see，The government more or less still can't completely abandoned to clear。 ”

　　但胡怡建也对记者强调，如果按照严格的立法程序，地方财政的去向要由公民决定，人大决策不妨更多听取公民意见，比方说召开听证。

But HuYiJian also emphasized to reporters，If strictly in accordance with the legislation，Where the local finance by citizen to decision，People's congress decision might as well listen to more citizens advice，For example a hearing。

　　翻阅赛维的迅速成长史，地方政府的身影一直若隐若现。新余本身是一个辖1县1区，人口110万，配套条件并不强的小城市,2005年进驻之前，新余曾要求地方政府支持2亿元借款。而当时，全年财政收入也不过18亿元的新余为了凑足数目，也曾采取动用财政等折中办法。

Paging through the dimension of acquiring quickly，The local government of the figure is always is like concealed。The xin is itself a over 1 county district 1，Population 1.1 million，Supporting conditions do not strong small city,In 2005 years before，The xin has asked local government support 200 million yuan to borrow money。At that time，Annual financial income also however 1.8 billion dollars resulting in order to fill the number，Also used to take use fiscal compromise。

　　2009年底，江西省国际信托投资有限公司还曾出资15亿人民币认购赛维1.5万吨硅料项目的15%的股权，第一次对赛维施以援手。按照地方政府当年勾画的蓝图，如果按6%的税收征收，到“赛维”年产值600亿元时，就可以贡献税收36亿元。

By the end of 2009，Jiangxi province international trust investment company had paid 1.5 billion yuan subscribe the 15000 tons silicon material project dimension of the equity of 15%，The first of the d to help。According to the local government that year the blueprint of outline，If the tax to 6%，to“"D”The annual production value amount to 60 billion yuan，Can contribute tax 3.6 billion yuan。

　　视野焦点

Vision focus

　　招商引资时是否签“托底”文

When the investment promotion and capital introduction is signed“TuoDe”wen

　　按照 《中华人民共和国担保法》第八条规定：国家机关不得为保证人，但经国务院批准为使用外国政府或者国际经济组织贷款进行转贷的除外。担保法禁止政府给商人和企业提供担保，正是为了防止在招商引资的驱动下，地方政府竞相攀比所引发的财政危机和金融危机。

According to 《The guarantee law of the People's Republic of China》The provisions of article 8：State organs may not act as a surety，But with the approval of the state council for the use of foreign governments or international economic organization of the ZhuanDai except the loan。Security law banned the government to businessmen and enterprise to provide security，It is in order to prevent the impulse of investment promotion and capital introduction，Local governments themselves to which caused by the financial crisis and the financial crisis。

　　记者获悉，当年另一大行业龙头无锡尚德在成立初期，曾获无锡市政府入股，最后在尚德上市前期退出，还获得了不错收益。而新余则否认了这样的盈利模式曾复制。澄清称，从赛维成立初期到现在，新余政府从来没有入股过赛维。

The reporter learns，When another big industry leading suntech in founding，The wuxi city government, who won a shareholder，Finally in the listed company to exit，Also received good returns。And the xin denies such profit model had copied。Clarify says，From the founding d to now，The xin the government never had the contribution of the d。

　　此前曾有报道称，江西省有关部门与赛维LDK达成协议，将采取银行贷款的方式，提供20亿元以支持后者渡过难关。还曾有媒体援引江西工信委一位负责人话语称，包括他们单位在内的江西省多个部门，联合为赛维担保，从银行获得授信20亿元，旨在帮助赛维熬过“最困难的时期”。

There hae been reported，Jiangxi province departments and the d LDK an agreement，Will take the way of bank loans，Provide $2 billion to support the latter over the difficulties。Also had media quoted JiangXiGong letter committee a controller discourse says，Including their unit, many departments of jiangxi province，Joint security for the d，Get $2 billion from the bank credit，To help the d survived“The most difficult period”。

　　另有消息显示，目前风雨飘摇的赛维LDK正在试验国有化思路。去年底今年初，曾有一家河南省平顶山的煤炭企业与赛维谈过股权转让的事宜，而此事的进展如何，目前新余市政府尚没有确切信息。

Another news shows，At present the stormy "d LDK are testing nationalisation ideas。Earlier this year at the end of，Once there is a coal enterprises in henan province of pingdingshan the d about equity transfer matters，And this progress，At present there is no exact information resulting municipal government。