广东省社会科学综合开发研究中心主任、研究员，北京交通大学经济管理学院教授 黎友焕

Guangdong province comprehensive development of social science research center director、researchers，Beijing jiaotong university professor of economic management institute LiYouHuan

　　1993年中国经济技术投资担保有限公司的成立，拉开了中国中小企业担保公司发展的序幕，之后中国中小企业担保行业得到快速的发展，本次金融危机发生之后担保行业迎来了发展的春天，国家对于中小企业担保公司的发展也更为重视，2008 年12 月3 日国务院常务会议研究通过了经济刺激方案“金融国九条”，其第二条便是要大力扶持和发展中小企业融资担保公司。随后，各地一批又一批相关政策陆续出台。

1993 Chinese economy technology investment guarantee Co., LTD. Was established，Open the Chinese small and medium-sized enterprise development guarantee company began，The Chinese small and medium-sized enterprise guarantee after the development of industry get fast，The financial crisis after the industry received guarantee of the development of spring，Country to small and medium enterprises, the development of the guarantee company seriously more，3 December 2008 the standing committee of state council research through the economic stimulus plan“Financial countries article nine”，The article 2 is to strongly support and development of small and medium enterprise financing guarantee company。then，All group after group related policy comes on stage in succession。

　　不过，中国担保行业的发展一直都存在着很多问题，最主要的问题就是担保公司的保费有一定比率的限制，如果按照规定的保费比率，担保公司将无利可图，如果不按照规定的保费比率经营，担保公司只能违规试法，采用其他多种变通的方式来盈利。

but，The development of the industry of China guarantees exist all with many problems，The main problem is the guarantee company have specific rate of premium restrictions，If the premium rate in accordance with the relevant provisions，Guarantee company will be unprofitable，If not according to the regulation of insurance business rates，Guarantee companies can only ShiFa violations，Using a variety of other flexible way to profit。

　　当前我国面临着经济下行的压力，多地都出现了担保公司陷入困境的现象：如广州有担保公司挪用客户资金；郑州多家公司以投资担保为名，行非法集资之实；温州民间借贷问题链断裂后，相关联的担保企业也受到了牵连等等。一时之间，我国担保业似乎面临全行业重新洗牌的风险。

The current our country faces economic downside of pressure，There are more security company in trouble phenomenon：Such as guangzhou guarantee company divert client money；Zhengzhou many companies to investment guarantee as，Do illegal reality of the funds；Wenzhou folk lending problems after chain rupture，The guarantee of the associated enterprise have also been affected, and so on。Between a，Our country appear to have the industry assurance to shuffling of the risk。

　　广东省社会科学院《民间金融研究》课题组的跟踪研究表明，我国担保公司主要的问题体现在：担保行业虚假出资普遍；联合骗贷成为行业的大众化业务；融资骗贷后投资其他领域等等。

Guangdong academy of social sciences《Folk financial research》Our tracking study suggests，Our guarantee company mainly embodied in the problem：A false capital contribution common security industry；Joint cheat loans into the industry's popular business；Loan financing lie after other areas investment, etc。

　　出现这些问题的主要原因有：经营法规不完善；行政监管不力；市场竞争无序，同业竞争不公平；行业传染性强，关联企业出问题便导致大面积相关企业也引火烧身；绝大部分担保企业实力不强，依赖相互之间互保经营；经营人员素质低下，投机心理严重；过分依赖银行的信贷额度，但与银行博弈和合作中明显处于劣势地位等等。

The main cause of these problems arise：Management regulations not perfect；Administrative regulation is slack；Market competition，Competition is not fair；Industry infectivity is strong，An associated enterprise problems will lead to a large area related enterprise also get burned；Most of the guarantee enterprise strength is not strong，Depend on each other mutual insurance business；Management personnel quality is low，Speculative psychology serious；Relying too much on bank credit line，But with the bank and cooperation game obviously in disadvantage, and so on。

　　我们预计，如果没有担保行业新的重大规范政策措施的出台，我国担保行业的混乱局面还将继续恶化。

We expect，If there is no guarantee industry significant new standard policy measures introduced，Our guarantee industry mess will also continue to deteriorate。

　　（潘彧整理）

（Pan figurines finishing）