这是一幅奇异的画面：国家有关部门接连出台有关民企“准入”的利好消息，各级政府大会小会都在不遗余力地推动发展实体经济、民营经济，形势似乎一片大好；然而，不少中小企业却深陷困境，四处求助却助者寥寥，继而接连倒闭，一片悲催的样子。

This is a picture of the singular picture：The relevant departments of the state issued on the corporation“access”The good news，The government at all levels in spare no effort to promote humanly possible entity economy development、Private economy，The situation seems to be excellent；however，Many small and medium-sized enterprise is in trouble，But a few who help turn around，And then collapse on，A sad reminders of the appearance。

　　有企业家因企业互保问题遭银行抽贷，撑胆写信给省长副省长求助。领导们很快指示有关人士打电话询问，并批转给省级金融办。金融办有关人士招呼这位企业家上门汇报。企业家兴冲冲去了，最后的结果是：让他找企业所在地政府，让当地政府找银行开协调会；金融办会帮助通知银行负责人参加。这样的结果不算让人失望，只是这样的协调会不知何时能开、有何效果？企业家心里依旧没底。

Have the problem because of the enterprise entrepreneurs each other by a bank loan，Hold bravery write to governor deputy governor for help。Leaders who call to ask about soon instructions，And batch to provincial financial do。Do concerned personage called the financial report entrepreneurs the door。Entrepreneurs excitedly，The final result is：Let him come to the enterprise is to be located，Let the local government looking for a bank to open a meeting；Financial do will help inform bank chief to attend。The result is not letting people down，Only that I do not know when the meeting will open、What is the effect？Entrepreneurs in the heart still lack。

　　同样是这家企业，在一银行抵押了3000多万元（包括自己的一处房产），然而银行以其与一家正处重组期的企业有担保关系为由，只肯出借1000万元，多余的抵押物企业可以拿回去。企业埋怨银行：有抵押物都不贷；可银行行长无奈说：政府不作为，没有人协调，也没有人通报那家重组企业情况究竟怎么样了，我们不放心啊。

The same is the enterprise，In a bank mortgage over 3000 yuan（Including one of its own properties），But the Banks with its and a restructuring of the badlands of enterprise guarantee on the relationship，Only willing to lend the 10 million yuan，Extra pawn enterprise can take away。Enterprise blame bank：The mortgaged property has not lend；But the bank President but said：The government not as，No one coordination，And no one report that restructuring enterprise situation how actually，We don't trust it。

　　银行原来也在等政府协调！注意，这里只是协调，不是出钱。据说，那家处在重组中的企业，负债30多亿元，资产也相当，只是缺乏现金流而已。也许只要一个权威、透明的信息，各方误会、顾虑就会消失了，直接间接涉及的几百家互保企业就可以过关了。

The bank also before such as coordination in the government！note，Here only coordinates，Money is not。It is said that，That in the enterprise restructuring，Debt more than 30 one hundred million yuan，Assets are also quite，Just lack of cash flow only。Maybe as long as a authority、Transparent information，Parties misunderstanding、Concerns will disappear，Direct indirect involves hundreds of mutual insurance enterprise can pass。

　　救急不救穷，在目前信用体系未完全建立、信息不透明的大环境下，地方政府无疑是唯一应该有作为也可以有作为的一方。于是，一个地方政府领导力的高下就立时体现出来：有的政府果断介入，有力协调的同时，成立政府应急基金，及时救助那些可救的企业；有的政府无所作为，听任不该倒的企业倒下。

Emergency don't save poor，In the current credit system not completely established、Information publication of the environment，The local government is undoubtedly the only should have as also can have as a party。so，A local government leadership towards got reflected：Some governments decisive step in，Strong coordination at the same time，The government established emergency fund，Timely assistance can save those of enterprise；Some government inaction，Allow shouldn't fall down of the enterprise。

　　有企业界人士断言，去年倒闭的都是赌钱和放高利贷的企业；今年上半年倒的都是“虚胖”的企业；预计下半年倒的是多元化的企业。出问题的企业，首先有内因。但毋庸讳言，在这波企业危机中，外因起了推波助澜甚至关键的作用。所以一些企业主自己也不知道，为什么企业突然倒了？而且不是一家二家，而是一批。

A business people say，Last year the collapse is gamble and the fangs of enterprise；But in the first half of this year“Was less puffed up”enterprise；The second half is expected to fall is diversified enterprises。The problem of the enterprise，First there is internal cause。But needless to say，In the wave of enterprise crisis，External cause contributed even key role。So some business owners themselves do not know，Why enterprise suddenly fall down？And it's not a second home，But a group of。

　　一家受互保牵连的企业老总告诉说：原以为银行收回的钱总会放下来，待到6月底发现银行贷款下不来时，为时已晚。消息传开，原来的互保企业也不愿互保，一夜之间，企业信誉全失，他自己也不知所以，毫无招架之力，只得停产倒闭！他想不通：几十年创业，就一下子全没了？

A mutual involvement by the enterprise old total tell said：Thought the bank repossessed money always down，By the end of June to find that the bank loan doesn't go down，Too late。News spread，The original mutual insurance enterprise to protect each other，overnight，The enterprise credit all lost，He also don't know so，No use force，Had to stop production collapse！He think impassability：Decades venture，Right away we all gone？

　　同样，前述那家重组企业，前年花8亿元收购一家企业，当时银行答应贷款4亿元，但最后只给了2亿多。这成了压跨这家企业的最后一根稻草。笔者与这家重组企业的老总较熟，他当年说起自己的创业何等自豪、自信，而现在他告诉笔者：“如果地上有条缝，恨不得钻下去。人家跑路，我不能跑，否则更对不起大家啊，尤其连累了互保企业，都是朋友啊。”

The same，The reorganization of the enterprise，The year before last year spend 800 million yuan in the purchase of a enterprise，When the bank agreed to loan 400 million yuan，But in the end only gave more than 200 million。This became a across the enterprise pressure the last straw。The author and the reorganization of the enterprise is ripe old，He spoke about her business in how proud、confidence，And now he tells the author：“If the earth have to sew，Drill down to。Somebody else run road，I can't run，Or more sorry everyone ah，Especially the troubler of each other enterprise，Are friend。”

　　记得以前有人说过，现在一些民营企业，将来自己怎么“死”的可能也不知道。不幸言中！货币政策的激烈变动，银行忽松忽紧的信贷，冲昏了缺乏冷静头脑的民营企业家，最后才发现自己在沙滩上“裸泳”—几十年辛辛苦苦创下的基业，一夜之间灰飞烟灭！（见本期特别策划《互保害死了多少企业》）

Remember the past, someone said，Now some private enterprises，Myself how“death”The may also don't know。Unfortunately did！Monetary policy changes of the fierce，The bank of credit and loose and tight，The lack of a cool head all the private entrepreneurs，At last they found themselves on the beach“Swimming naked”--decades of hard hit possession，Overnight the dust！（See this special planning《Mutual insurance kill many enterprise》）

　　有人抨击银行的互保制度是“恶”的制度，许多好的企业因为互保被意外拖入困境。不可否认，银行的信贷互保制度设计是有中国特色的，不少民营企业靠互保做大，但互保无疑成倍放大了企业风险，而且一出问题，倒的远不是一家！有实力的企业早已杜绝互保。

Someone attacked mutual insurance system is a bank“evil”system，Many good enterprise for mutual insurance be accidentally into trouble。undeniable，Bank credit mutual insurance system design is has the Chinese characteristic，Many private enterprise depends on the mutual insurance do big，But the other is amplified the multiple enterprise risk，And a problem，Fall is far from a！Have the strength of the enterprise had put an end to the other。

　　银行的问题远不止此。有基层银行负责人认为，还有一种应该检讨的制度，即不能以贷还贷。贷款到期了，必须先还给银行，第二天再贷出来。于是，滋生了许多从事资金短期调头的高利贷者，企业也增加了成本。据说，多年前企业还可以以贷还贷，后为了控制风险而出此对策。但经过多年运作，其负面作用已不可小视。

The Banks' problems much more than this。Have basic bank officials think，Still have a kind of should review of the system，That is not to loan payments。Loans expire，Must return a bank，The second day loans out again。so，Be engaged in short-term capital of many turns usurer，Enterprise also increases the cost。It is said that，Years before the enterprise can also to loan payments，In order to control risk and after the countermeasures。But after years of operation，Its negative role has not negligible。

　　金融改革，任重道远！目前中小企业完全靠抵押贷款尚不现实。如何完善互保制度，各方建立风险防范机制，把负面影响降到最低？有没有让中小企业远离互保的更合理的信贷制度？最近民生银行(600016,股吧)推出的小额互助贷款，以风险金代替互保，无疑是一种创新！

Financial reform，Still has a！Now, middle and small enterprise entirely on mortgage is not reality。How to perfect the system of each other，Parties to build the risk control mechanism，The negative influence to the least？Small and medium-sized enterprises have let each of the more reasonable away from the credit system？Recent minsheng bank(600016,Shares it)The launch of the mutual small loans，To FengXianJin instead of mutual insurance，It is a kind of innovation！