谭志娟

TanZhiJuan

　　在过去的五年中，国内国际环境发生了剧烈变化，国际金融危机之后全球经济进入结构重构的关键时期。复杂的局面下，如何看待中国的经济转型？如何把握转型期稳增长和调结构的关系？《中国经营报(博客,微博)》记者专访了社科院经济研究所研究员、清华大学中国与世界经济研究中心教授袁钢明。

In the past five years,The domestic and international environment happened violent change,The international financial crisis after the global economy into the structure of the key period of reconstruction.Complex situation,How to look at China's economic transformation?How to grasp the transition steady growth and adjustable structure of the relationship?[China business newspaper(blog,Micro bo)]Reporter interviews the researcher at the institute of economy academy/Tsinghua university of China and the world economic research center YuanGang professor Ming.

　　《中国经营报》：在“十一五”期间，我国经济转型获得了哪些成果？哪些产业在此期间获得了改变与提升？

[China business newspaper]:in"11th five-year plan"period,China's economic transformation which results obtained?What industry in this period won the change and ascension?

　　袁钢明：2006年～2010年这个“十一五”周期中，我国经济结构调整比较成功。此期间更注重民生保障，带动了经济高速增长，人民收入与消费都得到提高。

YuanGang Ming:In 2006 ~ 2010 years this"11th five-year plan"cycle,China's economic structural adjustment is successful.This time pay more attention to the people's livelihood security,Drive the high-speed economic growth,People's income and consumption are improved.

　　“十一五”期间，我国新兴产业获得较大发展。 尤其在2010年颁布的七大战略型新兴产业主要是为了加快经济转型。同时，民营企业开始在新兴产业中崭露头角，国家应该给予这些企业大量支撑，要让民营企业在公平的市场环境下自己拼杀，在市场中形成自主创新的能力。

"11th five-year plan"period,Our country emerging industry obtain larger development. Especially in 2010 promulgated the seven major strategic emerging industry is mainly in order to speed up the economic transformation.At the same time,Private enterprises begin to emerging industry come to the fore,Countries should give these enterprise a lot of support,Want to let the private enterprises in the fair market environment dressed himself,In the market to form the independent innovation ability.

　　另一方面，转型是由高耗能转向节能环保。“十一五”期间，单位工业增加值用水量下降36.7%，工业化学需氧量及二氧化硫排放总量分别下降17%和15%。我们在支持民企企业发展的同时，也对他们进行节能减排的约束与改进。

On the other hand,Transformation is high by to energy conservation and environmental protection."11th five-year plan"period,Unit industrial added value consumption dropped 36.7%,Industrial chemical oxygen demand (cod) and sulfur dioxide emission were down by 17% and 15%.We support enterprise development corporation at the same time,Also the energy-saving and emission reduction constraint and improvement.

　　《中国经营报》：2012年作为“十二五”的第二年，现在中国经济转型进展到哪个阶段？ 现阶段的转型有哪些需要突破的部分？

[China business newspaper]:2012 as"1025"The second year of the,Now China's transition economy progress to which stage? The transformation of present what need to break through part?

　　袁钢明：可以说中国经济转型已进入关键期，内需驱动行业逐渐成长为经济增长的重要支柱。

YuanGang Ming:It can be said that China's economic restructuring has entered the critical period,Domestic demand driven industries gradually grow into the economic growth of the important pillars.

　　下一步中国经济应该朝着有利于就业增长与老百姓收入提高道路上发展。调结构应该扩大内需，而扩大内需最重要的就是完善收入分配改革。通过提高劳动者收入来进一步提高消费需求，扩大国内市场消费空间是支持中国经济持续增长的主要力量。

The next step is conducive to China's economy should be employment growth and common people income increase road development.Adjustable structure should expand domestic demand,While expanding domestic demand is the most important is to perfect the income distribution reform.Through the raise workers income to further improve consumer demand,The expansion of domestic market consumption space is support China's sustained economic growth's main power.

　　现在，应该接受劳动力成本提高的变化，包括农民收入、农民工收入都应得到相应提高。只有人口占大多数的广大劳动者的收入得到提高，才能保持经济需求、经济扩展以及消费支持力量得到提升，中国经济的高速增长才能够继续推进。

now,Should accept the change of labor costs increase,Including the farmers' income/Migrant workers income should be improved.Only population accounts for the majority of the workers' income improved,To keep the economy needs/Economic expansion and consumption support get promoted,China's rapid economic growth can continue to advance.

　　《中国经营报》：在最近，有种种迹象显示，稳投资仍然是稳增长的首要选择。你如何看待当前稳增长与调结构的关系？

[China business newspaper]:In recent,Have a variety of signs,Steady investment is still the primary choice of steady growth.How do you think about the current stable growth and adjustable structure of the relationship?

　　袁钢明：本轮投资项目跟2008年相比有所改进，并不是集中在由中央财政主导的大项目投资，而是由各地方申请来解决本地的交通拥堵与城市化发展的瓶颈问题。这种投资虽然由中央审批，但总的来说是由地方主持与自己承担，比2008年4万亿元投资合理性更强，风险与压力更小。另外，本轮获批的投资注重了民生与改善人民生活，有利于带动城市化与消费的发展。

YuanGang Ming:This investment project in 2008 than with improved,And are not concentrated in the central finance dominant big project investment,But by the local application to solve local traffic jams and urbanization development bottleneck problem.Although this kind of investment by the examination and approval,But on the whole is presided over by the place with their bear,More than 2008 4 trillion yuan investment rationality stronger,Risk and pressure more small.In addition,This approved investment pay attention to the livelihood of the people and improve people's lives,To promote the development of urbanization and consumption.

　　我觉得本轮投资应该能让地方民企参与，以商业化运作为基础，通过老百姓购买公共投资消费来支撑，如跟老百姓生活密切相关或迫切急需的项目——如地铁，它具有市场的支持基础，能够获得合理周转与回报，为此，我觉得此轮投资应该考虑市场的合理性。

I think this investment should be able to make room in corporation,With commercialization as the foundation,Through the common people to buy public investment consumption to support,As to common people life close correlation or urgent need project, such as the subway,It has the support of the market foundation,To obtain reasonable turnover and return,therefore,I think this round of investment should consider the rationality of the market.

　　总之，此轮投资跟过去相比，在机制上与项目审批上更具合理性，但是应该防止靠投资拉动经济的老路。

In a word,This round of investment compared with/to the past,In the mechanism and the project examination and approval more rationality,But should prevent by investment stimulate economic approach.

　　保增长和调结构相辅相成，关键是如何处理两者间的关系。我觉得这种投资项目规模不应太大，负债不应过多。我们应该主张 “短平快”的投资项目，有时周期短一点会更好一点，尤其是通过地方融资的项目更应防止投资规模过大。现在中央放开一些地方自主发债，一定要考虑地方项目的资金周转性，这样地方债务才能运行起来。

The growth and adjustable structure supplement each other,The key is how to deal with the relationship between the two.I think this kind of investment project scale should not be too big,Liabilities should not be too much.We should advocate "Short term rapid"Investment project,Sometimes cycle short point will be better,Especially by local financing projects more should avoid excessive investment scale.The central committee has now let go some place FaZhai independently,Must consider the local project fund revolving,Such local debt to run up.

　　《中国经营报》：从“十一五”规划到“十二五”规划，经济转型的迫切性被进一步强调，未来经济转型的总体趋势有哪些？

[China business newspaper]:from"11th five-year plan"Planning to"1025"planning,Economic restructuring was further emphasizes the urgency of,Future economic transformation of the overall trend what?

　　袁钢明：调结构在“十二五”期间显得非常必要。

YuanGang Ming:Adjustable structure in"1025"Period is very necessary.

　　一方面，欧美外部环境的恶化导致我国出口明显放缓，要解决外贸增长乏力就一定要走上扩大内需的道路。

On the one hand,Europe and the United States led to the deterioration of the external environment of our country export slowed down obviously,In order to solve the lack of foreign trade growth must on the way of expanding domestic demand.

　　另一方面，仅靠传统投资拉动经济增长的模式是行不通的，这种模式很依赖银行贷款，有一定的坏账风险，并且此模式也没有市场支撑与消费需求，世界上至今没有任何一个国家是仅靠投资拉动经济的。

On the other hand,Only by the traditional investment stimulate economic growth model is impracticable,This pattern is very dependent on bank loans,Have certain bad debt risk,And the model also does not have the market support and consumer demand,The world has not been any country is only on investment of economy.