中国经济和信息化2012年第19期 China's economy and informationization 2012 period of 19

　　现在或许是最差的光景，但却可能是中国企业变革最为刻骨铭心的时刻。

Now is perhaps the worst was,But it may be China's enterprise changes the most unforgettable moment.

　　◎本刊记者 李俊 | 文

33 this reporter money | wen

　　世界需要听到一些好消息，才能打起精神面对全球经济的萎靡。遗憾的是，一度被视为全球经济主要亮点的中国，现在的处境也变得不太乐观了。

The world needs to hear some good news,To brace up in the face of the global economic sag.It is a pity that,Once considered the global economy of China's main window,Now the situation has become not too optimistic.

　　最新的数据显示，国内深沪两市2477家上市公司今年上半年实现归属于上市公司股东净利润同比下滑1.51%，远低于往年。净利润大幅下滑的上市公司中，周期性行业占了大头。有色金属、钢铁、化工、机械制造等七个行业的净利润下滑幅度超过了20%，其中，三个行业的利润下滑幅度甚至超过四成。

The latest figures show,Domestic deep Shanghai two city 2477 listed companies in the first half of this year to realize attributable to shareholders of a listed company net profit fell 1.51% year-on-year,Is far lower than in previous years.Net profit fell sharply in the listed company,Cyclical industries accounted for a big head.Non-ferrous metal/Iron and steel/chemical/Machinery manufacturing, and other seven industry net profit decline amplitude exceeded 20%,the,Three industry profits decline amplitude and even more than forty percent.

　　这样的数据也浇灭了许多人的热情。最直观的是股市的表现，9月26日上证指数跌至1999点。这是三年半以来国内A股市场的最低点。还有一个不太乐观的数据，8月，国内制造业PMI（采购经理指数）自2011年11月以来首次降至50这一荣枯分水岭以下。

This data also poured out many people's enthusiasm.The most intuitionistic is the performance of the stock market,On September 26, the Shanghai index fell 1999 points.This is three and A half years domestic a-share market nadir.There is a not too optimistic data,August,Domestic manufacturing PMI(Purchasing managers index)Since 2011 for the first time since November down to 50 this vicissitude divide the following.

　　贪婪的秃鹫正在一些偶像级企业头顶盘旋。由于欧债危机不断发酵，全球经济持续低迷，再加之美国和欧盟对中国光伏企业的反倾销调查，导致了诸如尚德、赛维这样的国内光伏明星企业，正在遭受裁员、停产的折磨，甚至有传言它们已站到破产的悬崖边缘。

The greedy the vultures are some idol level enterprise hovering.Due to the debt crisis continuous fermentation,The global economy sustained downturn,Does the United States and the European Union on China pv enterprises anti-dumping investigation,Lead to such as suntech/"D this kind of domestic photovoltaic star enterprise,Is suffering from layoffs/Idling torture,There is even rumours that they have standing to bankrupt the edge of the cliff.

　　传统行业也好不到哪里去。曾经炙手可热的工程机械行业如今正置身凛冽的寒冬中。公开数据显示，今年上半年，工程机械行业整体销售收入下降近20%，市场需求迅速萎缩，几乎所有品类都呈现负增长。

Traditional industry are not good.Once coveted engineering machinery industry is now in brisk in winter.Public data display,In the first half of this year,Construction machinery industry overall sales revenue down nearly 20%,The market demand rapidly shrinking,Almost all category has negative growth.

　　此外，在净利润亏损排行榜中位居前十位的，有五家属钢铁行业。其中，中国远洋(601919,股吧)以净利润亏损48.72亿元位居亏损榜第一位，中国铝业(601600,股吧)、鞍钢股份(000898,股吧)、马钢股份(600808,股吧)和安阳钢铁(600569,股吧)紧随其后。

In addition,In the net profit losses in the list of the top 10,There are five families iron and steel industry.the,China ocean(601919,guba)To net profit loss 4.872 billion yuan in the first list of losses,China aluminum(601600,guba)/Angang shares(000898,guba)/Masteel shares(600808,guba)And anyang iron and steel(600569,guba)Followed by.

　　就没有令人惊喜的故事吗？当然不是，一些国内企业已开始热议：该换换下阶段产业发展的主角了。

There is no surprise story?Of course not,Some domestic enterprises have started to hot debate:This change in the next stage the leading role of the industrial development.

　　全球第二大铝型材制造商中国忠旺控股有限公司（下称中国忠旺），今年上半年净利润同比飙升了1.5倍。需要注意的是，其在国内市场收入同比上升了五成，达63.3亿元，海外市场收入同比惊人地上升了5倍多，达5.51亿元。

The world's second largest aluminum manufacturers China chung prosperous holding co., LTD(The said China chung prosperous),In the first half of this year net profit year-on-year surged 1.5 times.Need to pay attention to is,In the domestic market income fifty percent year-on-year,Up to 6.33 billion yuan,The overseas market income up wonderfully increased 5 times more,Up to 551 million yuan.

　　不能不提的是格力电器(000651,股吧)。上半年其净利润为28.71亿元，同比增长30%以上。要知道，在国内家电行业整体景气度急剧下降的环境下，取得了这样的业绩实属不易。难怪有媒体称，下半年格力电器将正式跨过“千亿俱乐部”的门槛。

Not to mention was the gree electric appliances(000651,guba).The first half of its net income for 2.871 billion yuan,Year-on-year growth of 30%.Want to know,In the domestic home appliance industry boom of whole sharply declining environment,Made this performance is really not easy.No wonder have media said,The second half of gree electric appliances will be officially over"Escape the club"threshold.

　　类似的企业名单还有一串。值得关注的是，以信息产业为代表的科技领域，电子信息和生物制药两个行业表现得异常活跃。在今年上半年销售毛利率最高的十家上市公司中，有八家被电子信息和生物医药等新兴产业类上市公司包揽。

Similar enterprise list and a string of.There is concern,Based on the information industry, as a representative of the science and technology field,Electronic information and biological pharmaceutical two industries highly active performance.In the first half of this year sales gross profit margin of the highest ten listed companies,There are eight house was electronic information and biological medicine emerging industry companies scored.

　　这些企业有什么神奇魔力？答案并不超乎想象。中国忠旺紧扣“以铝代钢”的产业转型热点话题，当海外市场受到冲击后，立即主打高端铝型材市场，这让其迅速找到了一条保持高速增长的快行道。而格力电器的制胜法门也是老三样——产品品质的公众认可度、议价能力、稳定的营销模式。

These enterprises have what magic magic?The answer is not beyond imagination.China's faithful prosperous closely"To aluminum and steel"The industry transformation of hot topics,When the overseas market after impact,Immediately main high-end aluminum market,It makes its quickly found a keep high speed growth KuaiHangDao.The gree electric appliances and the practice is to LaoSanYang - product quality public approval/Bargaining power/Stable marketing model.

　　眼熟的名词恰恰折射出一些核心问题：一些企业仍缺乏在产业结构升级和企业运营中最朴素理念的认知。简而言之，增长方式能否实现转变至关重要。当然，这样做势必会带来巨大的阵痛，却不是不可承受的代价。

Familiar term just reflects some of the core problem:Some enterprise still lack in the upgrading of the industrial structure and enterprise in the operation of the most simple concept of cognitive.In short,Growth mode can realize transformation is very important.Of course,Doing so will bring huge pains,But not at the expense of the unbearable.

　　近邻韩国是可资参照的模板。1989年，受韩元对美元大幅升值（三年内升值近30%），以及劳动力成本大幅上升的影响（罢工潮使得薪资自1987年底上涨了约60%），长期以来支撑韩国经济奇迹的出口增长开始大规模放缓，朝野上下一片哀声，认为这会有损韩国的竞争力，并因此大幅减缓韩元升值步伐，控制工资上涨。

Neighboring South Korea is reference template.In 1989,,Against the dollar by won big revaluation(Three years rise nearly 30%),And the influence of labor costs have risen sharply(Strike make salary since the end of 1987 rose about 60%),For a long time support South Korea economic miracle export growth began slowing mass,Up and down the court and the commonalty a piece of cry,Think it will harm the competitiveness of South Korea,And therefore slowed substantially won appreciation,Control wages rise.

　　但正是这一年，韩国开始进入消费社会，国内需求取代出口成为经济增长的主要推动力。而在初期的不适之后，三星、现代这样的支柱企业由此痛下决心追求质量经营和技术经营，最终蜕变成为真正有国际竞争力的企业。

But it is this year,South Korea began to enter into a consumer society,Domestic demand to replace export become the main driving force of growth.And in the early after discomfort,samsung/Modern such pillar enterprise which cross the rubicon the pursuit of quality management and technical management,Eventually become truly international competitive enterprise.

　　现在，轮到我们了。

now,It's our turn to the.