看上去，风险控制手段和解决融资难存在着矛盾和对立。但是，高效的风控机制有利于银行进行更广阔的市场创新，让中小企业融资更加畅通。

looks,Risk control means and solve the difficulty in financing exist contradiction and opposition.but,Efficient wind control mechanism is helpful to bank a broader market innovation,Let small and medium-sized enterprise financing more clear.

　　中小企业融资难是较为普遍的现象，这与中小企业的先天因素也不无关系。和大型企业相比，中小企业的规模小，抗风险能力自然就会变弱，尤其在经济下行周期中，中小企业更加容易出现风险。此外，中小企业的贷款金额相对于大型企业要小很多，但是银行同样需要在人力、物力、时间成本上进行投入。

Small and medium-sized enterprise financing difficult is a common phenomenon,The small and medium-sized enterprise congenital factors was not without relationship.And large enterprise compared,Small and medium-sized enterprises of small scale,Risk resistance capacity will naturally become weak,Especially in economic descending cycle,Small and medium-sized enterprise more prone to risk.In addition,Small and medium-sized enterprise loan amount compared with large enterprises are much smaller,But the Banks also need in human/material/Time the input cost.

　　因此，要为中小企业解决融资难的问题，高效的风险控制机制必不可少。看上去，两者之间存在矛盾和对立。但事实上，有效的风险控制手段有利于缩短中小企业融资的流程，为中小企业融资带来便利；另外一方面，有效的风控机制也有利于银行进行更广阔的市场创新，让中小企业融资更加畅通。

therefore,For small and medium-sized enterprises to solve the problems of financing difficulties of the,Effective risk control mechanism essential.looks,The contradiction between the opposition and.But in fact,Effective risk control methods are favorable to shorten the small and medium-sized enterprise financing process,For small and medium-sized enterprise financing and bring convenience;On the other hand,Effective wind control mechanism is also conducive to bank a broader market innovation,Let small and medium-sized enterprise financing more clear.

　　在银行向中小企业融资倾斜的过程中，也不断出现了更加高效的风险控制手段与措施。

In the bank to the financing of small and medium enterprises in the process of tilt,Also unceasingly appeared more effective risk control methods and measures.

　　专业化识别风险 Professional risk identification

　　在为企业进行贷款时，贷前审查是非常重要的一步，通过对企业运营状况的了解，银行能够清晰地识别出贷款中可能存在的风险。不过，一个普遍的问题在于银行在进行贷前审查时需要投入人力、物力等成本，而中小企业和大型企业相比，贷款金额要小得多，这就产生了投入与产出比较低的问题，这也在一定程度上影响了银行向中小企业融资的意愿。

For enterprises in the loan,Before the credit examination is very important step,Through the enterprise operation status of understanding,The bank is able to clearly identify the potential risks of loans.but,A common problem is that Banks in the credit examination before the need when human investment/Material resources and other cost,And small and medium-sized enterprises and large enterprises compared,Loan amount are much smaller,This creates input and output low problem,This also is in a certain extent, affected the bank to the financing of small and medium enterprises intend to.

　　因此，不少银行在对中小企业进行贷款的过程中，采用了“集群”的概念，以批量化处理的方式向一批具有相同特点的企业，而不是一家企业来进行产品的开发、贷款的审查等。

therefore,A lot of bank loans to small and medium enterprises in the process,the"cluster"concept,To PiLiangHua the means of processing to a batch of has the same characteristic as the enterprise,Instead of a enterprise to carry out product development/Loan review, etc.

　　如中国民生银行(600016,股吧)中小企业金融事业部所使用的就是“前移式评审”的风险管理模式，了解某一个产业集群客户的经营特点，从源头上控制风险，变传统的抵押、担保风险控制手段为专业化风险识别，在产品设计和风险控制时，抓住企业的“第一还款来源”与“经营活动现金流”这两个核心，实现“区域特色、批量开发、名单制销售”。

Such as China minsheng bank(600016,guba)Small and medium-sized enterprise financial division is used"Reach type evaluation"Risk management model,Learn a particular industry cluster customer management characteristics,From the source control risk,Change the traditional mortgage/Guarantee risk control means for professional risk identification,In the product design and risk control,Seize the enterprise"The first income source"and"Business activities cash flow"The two core,realize"Regional characteristics/Batch development/List system sales".

　　如在民生银行为宁波印刷包装行业协会会员企业批量定制的融资方案中，创新使用了印刷机器设备作为抵押手段。原因在于，在印刷企业内，著名品牌的印刷设备二手流转非常普及，保值性也比较好。但是，为了保证风险控制的需要，银行也规定，仅接受徳、日所生产的五种品牌的印刷设备，此外要求客户具有较长的行业经验、资产销售需达到一定的规模。这些风险控制手段的设立，确保了以印刷设备抵押融资的可行性，也为印刷企业拓展了融资手段。

As in the minsheng bank for ningbo printing and packaging industry association member enterprise batch customization of financing scheme,Innovative use of the printing machinery and equipment as collateral means.Reason lies in,In the printing business enterprise inside,Famous brand of the printing equipment second-hand flow is very popular,Credit sex is good.but,In order to guarantee the need of risk control,The bank also provides,Accept only Howard/Day by the production of five kinds of brand of printing equipment,In addition require customers to have a long industry experience/Asset sales need to reach a certain scale.The establishment of the risk control methods,Ensure that the printing equipment the feasibility of mortgage financing,Also for printing enterprise expand the financing means.

　　“服务式”的贷后检查 "Service type"After the credit check

　　中小企业业务是高风险业务，贷后检查也是银行进行风险控制的主要方式之一。

Small and medium-sized enterprise business is high risk business,Credit check after the bank is one of the main ways for the risk control.

　　为避免贷后检查的随意性，民生银行中小企业业务要求将贷后管理事先嵌入到批量授信方案设计中。也就是说，在批量进行方案设计的环节，就根据不同客户群的经营特点、财务特点，结合贷款产品、担保方式以及客户信用等级的不同，事先确定出标准化的、流程化的售后服务方案。

To avoid credit check after the randomness,Minsheng bank small and medium-sized enterprise business requirements will credit management in advance after embedded in batch credit scheme design.That is,In the batch to design program links,According to different customer base is the operational characteristics/Financial characteristics,Combined with loan products/Assure means and customer credit rating is different,Prior to determine the standardized/Providing after-sales service plan.

　　“我们在授信方案中就明确出售后管理人员、检查频率、检查要求。”民生银行的工作人员介绍说，实施有效的差异化贷后管理策略，同样有利于提高风险的预警能力，加强风险控制的主动性和有效性。

"We in the credit scheme is clear after sale management personnel/Check the frequency/Check request."Minsheng bank staff said,Effective differentiation after credit management strategy,The same to improve risk early warning capability,To strengthen risk control initiative and effectiveness.