蔡恩泽

CaiEnZe

　　不用跑银行求贷，只需在网上实名注册一个IP地址并通过有关认证，达到一定信用级别，就可以申请到少则三五千、多则十万八万的贷款，以解燃眉之急。如果有多余的钱，也可在网上放债，年利息至少10%，坐在家里就能获利，比存银行合算得多。成就上述惊喜的，是眼下正风生水起的“P2P网贷”。

Don't have to run the bank and credit,Just in the online real name registered an IP address and through the relevant certification,To a certain credit ratings,Can apply to 35000 is less/The more 180 thousand loans,In solution are in urgent need.If you have extra money,Also available in the Internet,NianLiXi at least 10%,Sit at home can profit,With much more economical than the bank.Achievement of the surprise,Is at the moment is the flawed"P2P network credit".

　　P2P是英文peer to peer的缩写，意即“个人对个人”。所谓P2P网贷，是指个人通过网络平台相互借贷，贷款方在P2P网站上发布贷款需求，投资人则通过网站将资金借给贷款方。P2P网贷最大的优越性，是使传统银行难以覆盖的借款人在虚拟世界里能充分享受贷款的高效与便捷，不用看银行的脸色而获得所需的贷款。

P2P is the abbreviation of English peer to peer,means"Person to person".The so-called P2P network credit,Is refers to the individual through the network platform lending to each other,Lenders in the P2P website loan demand,Investors are through the website lending money lenders.The greatest advantage of P2P network credit,Is the traditional Banks are hard to be covered in the virtual world can fully enjoy the convenient and efficient loans,Don't look at Banks face and to obtain the loans.

　　P2P网贷模式，是英国人理查德·杜瓦、詹姆斯·亚历山大、萨拉·马休斯和大卫·尼克尔森4位年轻人共同创造的。2005年3月，他们创办的全球第一家人人贷公司Zopa在伦敦上线运营。如今Zopa的业务已扩至意大利、美国和日本，平均每天线上的投资额达200多万英镑。

P2P network credit model,Are British Richard dewar/James Alexander/Sarah mathews and David nickerson four young people work together to create the.In march of 2005,They founded the first a global credit company Zopa everyone in London on-line operation.Now Zopa business has spread to Italy/The United States and Japan,On an average day online investment more than 200 pounds.

　　Zopa是“可达成协议的空间（Zone of Possible Agreement）”的缩写。在 Zopa网站上，投资者可列出金额、利率和想要借出款项的时间，而借款者则根据用途、金额搜索适合的贷款产品，Zopa则向借贷双方收取一定的手续费，而非赚取利息。

Zopa is"Can reach an agreement of space(Zone of Possible Agreement)"The abbreviation of.In Zopa website,Investors can list the amount/Interest rates and want to lend money time,And, based on the use of the borrowers/Search for the amount of the loan products,Zopa is to charge a commission on the loan,Rather than earn interest.

　　在我国，成立于2007年的拍拍贷是最早的P2P网贷公司。在其后的几年间，国内的网贷平台还是凤毛麟角，鲜有创业人士涉足其中。直到2010年，网贷平台才被许多创业人士看中，开始陆续出现了一些试水者，比较知名的有人人贷、E速贷、易贷365、盛融在线等。2011年，网贷平台进入快速发展期，808信贷、微贷网、中宝投资、搜搜贷等一批网贷平台踊跃上线。2012年我国网贷平台进入了爆发期，网贷公司如雨后春笋，一下子冒出几百家。

In our country,Founded in 2007, clap your credit is the earliest P2P network credit company.In the next few years,Domestic net credit platform is rare,Few people in the business.Until 2010,Net credit platform are many business people pick,Began arriving there have been some test the water,Comparison of well-known someone people credit/E speed credit/Easy credit 365/ChengRong online, etc.In 2011,,Net credit platform to rapid development period,808 credit/Micro credit and/Zhongbao investment/Search as well as a number of credit and credit platform eagerly on-line.In 2012, net credit platform into the outbreak period,Net credit company have mushroomed,Suddenly emitted hundreds of.

　　P2P网贷在我国一下子走俏，应“归功于”当下的金融排斥现象，这为网贷平台提供了市场空间。对于传统商业银行来说，由于服务低端客户的收益与成本不匹配，且应变迟钝，无法高效应对这批人群风险多样化的业务特性，油水太小，实在提不起多少兴趣。而互联网企业在技术上解决了这个难题，基于互联网大数据与便捷信息流而产生的征信手段的创新，既去除了中小企业融资信息不对称的障碍，也提升了交易效率和降低成本，进而拓宽了金融业服务的目标人群。

P2P network credit in our country comes at a draught,should"Due to"The current financial rejection,The net credit platform provides market space.The traditional commercial bank for it,Due to the low end of the customer service revenue and cost does not match,And slow strain,Can't deal with this group of people high risk diversification business characteristics,Water is too small,I don't really how much interest.And the Internet enterprises in technology to solve the problem,Based on the Internet big data and convenient information flow as a result of the inquiry means of innovation,In addition to both small and medium-sized enterprise financing obstacles of information asymmetry,It also has promoted the transaction efficiency and reduce cost,And then broaden the finance service target population.

　　说得形象点，P2P网贷其实就是“在陌生的熟人社会里借钱”，用户将现实中的人际网络搬到网贷平台上来，只要提供足够的个人信息和社交信息，便可以完成小额融资。而投资人通过网贷平台上大量的征信资料筛选出信得过的借钱人，把钱借出去，赚取可观的利息。而且借贷平台还提供保本承诺，投资人的钱有一定的安全保障。

Say image point,P2P network credit is actually"In the new acquaintances society to borrow money",Users will be the reality of interpersonal network moved to net credit platform up,As long as we provide enough personal information and social information,Can complete small financing.And investors through the net credit platform a lot of reference material selected trustworthy people to borrow money,Lend them money,Earn considerable interest.And lending platform also provide break-even commitment,Investors money have certain security.

　　同时，P2P网贷还因为有风投（VC）做后盾而资金实力雄厚。互联网企业是一个烧钱企业，资金是一大瓶颈。而如今的风投普遍看好网贷，认为借贷与互联网结合将形成一种极有前途的互联网金融模式。2012年，全国第一家网贷平台拍拍贷获得了著名VC红杉资本2500万美元的投资，用于风险控制体系的建设上。而一些大型VC也试图在网贷领域寻求投资机会。

At the same time,P2P network credit also because there is wind is cast(VC)To make the backing and capital strength.The Internet enterprise is a burn enterprise,Money is a big bottleneck.Now the wind for common to see HaoWang credit,Think that borrowing and combined with the Internet will form a very promising Internet financial model.In 2012,,The first a net credit platform clap credit won the famous VC sequoia capital $25 million investment,Used for risk control system construction.And some large VC also is trying to seek investment opportunities and credit field.

　　不过，任何事物总有两面性，网贷风生水起，各类莫测风险也紧随而至。

but,Any things have two sides,Net credit flawed,All kinds of unpredictable risks to follow.

　　由于网贷公司实质上只是一个中介机构，进入门槛低，审批手续比较简单，几万元就能注册。因此，从网贷公司从一开始就难免鱼龙混杂的格局，一些P2P网络借贷平台运营就始终存在着非法集资的影子，而裹挟着投资者数百万元资金跑路的网贷公司老板也大有人在。光2012年涉嫌跑路的网贷公司，粗粗算来，就有贝尔创投、天使计划、淘金贷、给力贷、蚂蚁贷、众贷邦、优易贷。这些网贷公司跑路的惯用伎俩是：网贷平台卷走沉淀资金或将网贷平台伪装成借款人借钱之后卷款开溜，而投资者对高回报的追逐，则让网贷诈骗变得有机可乘。

Due to the net credit company is essentially a intermediaries,Entry threshold low,The examination and approval procedure is simple,Tens of thousands of yuan can be registered.so,From the net credit company from the beginning is the pattern of good and evil people mixed up,Some of the P2P network lending platform operation is there are always the shadow of the illegal funds,And the investors raged for millions of dollars in funds run road net credit company boss also returned.Light 2012 suspected run road net credit company,Come thick,Has the bell venture/Angel plan/Gold credit/To force credit/The ant credit/The credit nations/Optimal easy credit.These nets credit company run road is an old trick:Net credit platform whirling precipitation funds or will net credit platform under the disguise of the borrower after borrowing money roll off the hook,And investors to chase a high return,Has given a net credit fraud becomes.

　　要使网贷平台健康发展，非得大大强化其透明性、自律性和担责性不可。除此之外，别无他途。笔者在此只提出三条：首先，操作透明化操作，在不涉及商业机密的情况下（比如保护投资人和借款人的隐私），有关财务数据要公开，对核心数据尤其是流动性指标和坏账率指标应如实告知客户；其次，主动接受独立意见机构的协同管理。资金交易结算通过第三方机构，不得使用网贷平台自身账户托管结算，定期审计坏账率、流动性指标以及公司法人状况；再次，承担风险责任，建立风险隔离墙，在借款人因特殊原因不能按期还贷时，网贷公司必须垫付归还本金，不得以任何借口将拖欠贷款的风险推给投资者。

To make the net credit platform healthy development,Have to greatly strengthen its transparency/Self-discipline and bear the responsibility not sex.In addition,There is no way to.The author in this article put forward only three:First of all,Its operations more transparent operation,Does not involve in commercial confidential circumstances(Such as protection of investors and the borrower's privacy),Relevant financial data to the public,The core data especially liquidity index and bad debt rate index should truthfully inform the customer;secondly,Active accept independent advice mechanism of coordination management.Transaction settlement funds through third parties,Shall not use net credit platform their hosting account settlement,Regular audit bad debt rate/Liquidity index and company legal person status;again,Risk responsibility,Establish the risk isolation wall,In the borrower for special reasons for not on time when the loan,Net credit company must be paid back to the principal,In any excuse will default on the loan risk investors.

　　（作者系晶苏传媒首席分析师，财经媒体专栏作家）

(The author is crystal Sue media chief analyst,The financial media columnist)