日前，央行发放了第六批非金融机构“支付业务许可证”26张，至此已累计发放223张支付机构牌照，显示了非金融机构支付市场的巨大增长潜力。对于一国经济金融发展来说，支付清算体系是最为重要的金融基础设施，也是各类金融交易顺利进行的依托。通常来看，按照服务主体的不同，支付清算市场可以分为金融机构和非金融机构提供的服务。

a,The central bank issued the sixth group of non-financial institutions"Pay business license"And a,So far it has sent 223 a payment mechanism licence,Shows the non-financial institutions pay great growth potential of the market.For a country for economic and financial development,Payment and settlement system is the most important financial infrastructure,And all kinds of financial transactions based on the smooth.Often come to see,According to the different service main body,Payment and settlement market can be divided into financial institutions and non-financial institutions to provide services.

　　近两年非金融机构支付市场不断完善，但还存在某些突出问题，主要表现在：一是目前非金融机构只是以政府规章的形式予以描述，在法律层面上还缺乏准确定位，使得非金融机构发展缺乏制度基础。二是非金融机构支付市场存在结构性失衡。虽然市场集中度较高，但在区域、行业的布局与结构，在产品创新等方面，还有待进一步完善和优化。三是在消费者和客户权益保护方面，还存在不足之处，如能否更好地保障客户备付金权益，以及对于个人信息安全的保护等。四是支付平台也有被滥用的可能，如预付卡发行和受理中的违规。五是在宏观层面上，会产生影响金融稳定的因素，如反洗钱风险。六是在微观层面上，支付服务平台的技术安全，直接影响非金融机构支付服务的运作效率与公众认可程度。

Nearly two years non-financial institutions pay market constantly improve,But there are still some outstanding problems,Mainly displays in:One is the non-financial institutions is the form of government rules and regulations shall be described,In the legal level still lack of accurate positioning,Make the development of non-financial institutions lack of institutional basis.The second is financial institutions pay market exist structural imbalance.Although the market concentration is higher,But in the area/Industry layout and structure,In product innovation, etc,It remains to be further improvement and optimization.The third is in the consumer and customer rights and interests protection aspect,Still exist deficiencies,If can better protect customers' excess reserves rights,And the personal information security protection.The fourth is payment platform also have the possibility of abuse,Such as prepaid card issuance and acceptance of the illegal.Five is in the macroscopic level,Impact factors of financial stability,Such as the risk of money laundering.Six is in the micro level,Payment services platform technology security,Directly influence the non-financial payment services operation efficiency and public approval degree.

　　应该说，非金融机构支付服务市场具有良好前景，已经得到了各方公认。可以预见的变化包括：将来这一市场的交易规模会保持高速增长；支付服务企业会多元化发展；支付服务对象将涵盖与居民生活相关的诸多行业；支付服务渠道和平台不断创新，其中移动支付将成为主流支付行业；针对市场需求的变化，与信息技术进步相结合，新型的支付服务工具与产品将不断出现。

Should say,Non-financial institutions pay service market has good prospects,Has been recognized as the parties.The foreseeable change including:In the future this market transaction scale will maintain rapid growth;Payment services enterprise will be diversified development;Pay for the service object will cover to the residents' lives of many related industries;Payment services channel and constant innovation,The mobile payment will become mainstream payment industry;According to the change of market demand,Combining with information technology progress,The new payment services tools and products will appear constantly.

　　现实中，要促使非金融机构支付市场健康发展，进一步完善管理机制是必要的。现有管理办法只作出了原则性的监管规定，对诸如市场准入、监管模式、沉淀资金监管、消费者保护、反洗钱和跨境支付等方面的法律制度设计还不尽完善。

reality,Make non-financial institutions pay market's healthy development,To further perfect the management mechanism is necessary.The measures for the administration of the existing only made principle regulations,Such as market access/Supervision mode/Precipitation fund supervision/Consumer protection/Anti-money laundering and cross-border payment the legal system design is not perfect.

　　首先，我国的多层次监管机制尚未建立，未来需要借鉴欧美经验，构建立体化的监管机制，并明确中央不同部门之间、中央和地方政府之间、部门监管与行业协会自律之间的责权划分。

First of all,China's multi-level supervision mechanism is yet to be established,The future need to draw lessons from euramerican experience,Building three-dimensional supervision mechanism,And clearly the central between different sectors/Between the central and local governments/Department supervision and industry associations between self-discipline ZeQuan division.

　　其次，在监管模式方面，欧美国家通常实行较为宽松的市场准入政策，但有非常详细的准入要求。在此方面，我们需要根据国情，适应行业和地区现实，逐渐推出差别化的准入门槛，也可考虑在准入阶段就要求企业设立风险保证金，在技术安全方面推出规范化的、严格的申请技术标准与文件。同时，现有市场运行监管尚未建立起来，有许多具体业务细则还未落实，支付企业的运作管理水平普遍需要提高。

secondly,In the supervision pattern,The European and American countries usually a buoyant market access policy,But there are very detailed access requirements.In the,We need according to the national conditions,To adapt to the reality industries and regions,Gradually out of differentiation of the admittance threshold,Is also considered in the access stage requires enterprise to establish a risk margin,In the technical security out of standardization/The application of strict technical standards and file.At the same time,Current market operation supervision has not been established yet,There are many specific business rules are not implement,Pay enterprise operation management level generally need to improve.

　　还有，在沉淀资金监管方面，现有办法未对“备付金”及“备付金账户”做明确说明，在途资金的性质、备付金产生的收益归属等问题还不明确。并且，在保障客户备付金安全同时，还需考虑效率与安全之间的平衡，以及如何支撑支付机构开展产品创新。此外，我国的非金融机构支付服务是一个新兴的行业，正面临行业结构、模式和产品的迅速发展创新，未来必将涉及到越来越多的消费者，因此消费者保护也是管理的重点。

and,In the precipitation capital supervision,Existing way not to"Excess reserves"and"Excess reserves account"Do clearly,The nature of the funds in transit/Excess reserves produce earnings ownership is still not clear.and,In the protection of customer excess reserves safety at the same time,Still need to consider the balance between efficiency and safety,And how to support institutions pay product innovation.In addition,China's non-financial payment services is a new industry,Is facing industry structure/Mode and the rapid development of product innovation,The future will involves more and more consumers,Therefore consumer protection is the focus of management.

　　另外，非金融机构支付服务的出现，在推动金融服务模式创新的同时，也给洗钱犯罪活动带来了新的途径。对此需要充分吸收欧美的相关经验，要求支付机构对客户身份进行严格识别；同时，对交易记录的保存和可疑交易的识别与报告，作出详细的可操作性要求。

In addition,The emergence of non-financial institutions payment services,In promoting financial service mode innovation at the same time,Also give money laundering crime brings new way.This need to fully absorb the experience in Europe and America,Require payment mechanism to the customer as strict identification;At the same time,For transaction records preservation and suspicious transaction identification and report,A detailed operational requirements.

　　最后，非金融机构跨境支付监管方面还存在制度空白，但相关支付业务已经有种种变通的形式，如通过委托支付机构进行购汇、结汇等。在此方面完善管理的重点，在于明确跨境支付的机构和业务准入条件，建立跨境交易真实性审核机制，有效监控支付机构的违规操作等。

finally,Non-financial institutions cross-border payment supervision system, there are blank,But the payment business has a variety of alternative forms,Such as through the entrusted payment document mechanism/Settlement, etc.In the key management perfect,Is to define cross-border payment institutions and business access conditions,Establish cross-border trade authenticity review mechanism,Effective monitoring payment mechanism of illegal operation, etc.