■CUBN记者 郭安丽 北京报道

S CUBN reporter Guo Anli reports from Beijing

　　金融改革成为今年全国两会的又一热点，很多委员、代表就此提出了提案和建议。2012年3月，国务院设立温州市金融综合改革试验区，批准实施《浙江省温州市金融综合改革试验区总体方案》，成为中国“金改”的样本。其中，温州“金改”方案确定了规范发展民间融资、加快发展新型金融组织等12项主要任务。至今，温州“金改”满一年，全国人大代表、华峰集团董事局主席尤小平，全国人大代表、温州市长陈金彪等在全国“两会”上呼吁，完善金融改革的配套措施，加快利率市场化，沿海各省份积极行动起来开拓创新，倒逼“金改”。

Financial reform became another hot spot of the national two sessions this year,A lot of members/On behalf of the proposals and Suggestions are put forward.In March 2012,Set up wenzhou financial comprehensive reform experimental zone of the state council,Approval of the implementation[Zhejiang wenzhou financial comprehensive reform pilot area overall plan],As China's"Gold to change"Of the sample.Among them,wenzhou"Gold to change"Scheme determines the specification development folk financing/Speed up the development of new financial organizations such as 12 major tasks.So far,wenzhou"Gold to change"For a full year,The National People's Congress/Huafeng group YouXiaoPing, chairman of the board,The National People's Congress/Mayor of wenzhou Chen Jinbiao etc in the country"The two sessions"The call for,Perfect the supporting measures of financial reform,Speed up the marketization of interest rates,Coastal provinces into action development innovation,Reversed transmission"Gold to change".

　　“金改”路上遇多重障碍 "Gold to change"Encounter roadblocks on the road

　　在今年3月7日全国人大浙江团开放日上，全国人大代表、温州市长陈金彪在谈到“金改”时坦言，过去一年里，温州“金改”取得了阶段性成果，但在在“金改”道路上碰到一些障碍，与民众期望之间还存在一些落差。他呼吁国家给予更多的政策扶持。

This year on March 7, the National People's Congress ZheJiangTuan Open Day,The National People's Congress/Mayor of wenzhou Chen Jinbiao referring to"Gold to change"When admitted,Over the past year,wenzhou"Gold to change"Achievements have been achieved,But in the"Gold to change"Encounter some obstacles in the roads,And there are some gap between public expectations.He called on countries to give more policy support.

　　陈金彪表示，具体的障碍如法律体系上还有空缺。“怎样的民间融资才算合法，这些都需要法律体系保证。”他表示，“金改”的过程中需要一大批法律、会计、征信等中介机构支撑，而中介机构培育发展需要一个过程。

Chen Jinbiao said,Are there still any vacancies on specific obstacles such as legal system."What kind of folk financing is legal,This requires legal system guarantee."He said,"Gold to change"In the process of need a large number of laws/accounting/Credit reporting agencies such as support,And intermediary institutions to foster development requires a process.

　　华峰集团是温州“金改”的一个样本。华峰小贷公司一度是温州小贷公司转村镇银行的首选，但直到如今，也没有进一步上报转制申请。作为温州“金改”的实践者之一，尤小平对“金改”目前遇到的瓶颈有着切身体会。

Huafeng group is in wenzhou"Gold to change"One of the sample.Huafeng once small loans company is wenzhou small loan companies turn to the first selection of village Banks,But until now,No further report to apply for the conversion of the.As the wenzhou"Gold to change"One of the practitioners,YouXiaoPing to"Gold to change"Now encountered bottlenecks have experience.

　　尤小平告诉《中国联合商报》记者，当初成立小贷公司，其中一个原因也是冲着能够转村镇银行，但目前遇到了不少瓶颈。他呼吁国家、政府应该完善这个体制。

YouXiaoPing tell[Chinese joint business]reporter,Set up small loan companies,One of the reasons is blunt to rural Banks,But have encountered a lot of bottlenecks.He called on countries/The government should perfect the system.

　　“从理性角度出发，既然是金融机构，接受银监会监管是必要的，但是按照银行的经营模式来发展村镇银行，能否发展成功，还需要观察。”尤小平表示，温州金改的核心其实还是利率市场化，但这点又很难，比如，转制为村镇银行，在利率没有市场化的背景下，老百姓可能更愿意选择更为安全的国有商业银行。

"From a rational perspective,Since it is financial institutions,Accept the CBRC regulation is necessary,But according to the bank's business model to develop the village Banks,Development can be successful,Also need to see."YouXiaoPing said,The core of the financial reform in wenzhou in fact or interest rate marketization,But it is hard,Such as the,Into the village Banks,Under the background of interest rate marketization of no,People may be more willing to choose safer state-owned commercial Banks.

　　2012年8月，尤小平又牵头成立了民间资本管理公司。然而，一段时间实践下来，尤小平觉得，资金管理公司就是“四不像”——不像银行、不像信托、不像投行、不像基金。如今，资金管理公司已经募集了1个亿的民间资金，但到底怎么去投放，尤小平仍然有诸多顾虑。

In August 2012,YouXiaoPing established and led by the folk capital management.however,A period of time to practice,YouXiaoPing think,Is the fund management company"You can"- don't like a bank/Unlike the trust/Unlike Banks/Unlike fund.now,Fund management company has raised $1 private funds,But how to delivery,YouXiaoPing there are still many concerns.

　　陈金彪表示，温州“金改”在不到一年时间里，要完全满足小微企业融资需求是不可能的，目前中小微企业的融资主要还是靠国有、商业银行，民间资本作为辅助渠道，但我们的目标是希望让民间资本成为小微企业的主要融资渠道。

Chen Jinbiao said,wenzhou"Gold to change"In less than a year,To fully meet the demand of small micro enterprise financing is impossible,The small micro enterprise financing mainly rely on the state/Commercial Banks,Private capital as the auxiliary channel,But the goal is wants to let private capital become the main financing channels of small micro enterprises.

　　温家宝总理的政府报告里一直在谈改革和创新，其中提到，要大力支持金融服务于“三农”和中小企业，服务于实体经济，尽可能降低实体企业的融资成本。

Premier wen jiabao's government has been talking about reform and innovation in his report,The mentioned,To support in financial service"Agriculture, rural areas and farmers"And small and medium-sized enterprises,Serve the real economy,As far as possible reduce entity enterprise's financing cost.

　　尤小平认为，金融要改革就是要满足实体经济对这些需求，否则“三农”、中小企业融资永远是拿不到的。因为中小企业和创新性的企业没有资金，没有财产拿什么跟你抵押。

YouXiaoPing think,Financial reform is to meet the demand for the real economy,otherwise"Agriculture, rural areas and farmers"/Small and medium-sized enterprise financing is always can't get.Because there is no money and innovative small and medium-sized enterprises,What has no property mortgage with you.

　　“能够让‘三农’、中小企业、创新性企业得到服务首先金融要改革。需要多层次的金融服务体系去对接。金融改革的核心是什么呢？利率市场化，利率不市场化改革就会是一句空话。”尤小平表示，所以金融改革的步子需要再大一点，呼吁中央政府要切实做好金融改革步伐的推进。

"To be able to make‘Agriculture, rural areas and farmers’/Small and medium-sized enterprises/Innovative enterprises to get service first financial reform.Need to multi-level system of financial services to docking.What is the core of financial reform?Interest rate marketization,Marketization of interest rates do not reform would be meaningless."YouXiaoPing said,So the pace of financial reform needs to be bigger,Called for the central government to keep the pace of financial reform.

　呼吁“上下互动”松绑“金改” Called for"Interaction between"loosen"Gold to change"

　　尤小平在接受和讯网访谈时表示，去年温州“金改”红红火火，现在有平静的趋势？“‘金改’推不进了，要怎么推？动不动银监会要批，金融办要批，现在谁来负这个责任？今年很多代表提出来了，国家也意识到这点就是顶层设计。”尤小平表示，政府的职能转变、机构的设计和我们今后的体制运行，包括金融改革在内都是息息相关的，不是单一的，而是个系统问题。

YouXiaoPing said when accepting HeXunWang interviews,Wenzhou last year"Gold to change"thriving,There is currently a trend to calm?"‘Gold to change’Don't push in the,How to push?The China banking regulatory commission to batch,Finance office to batch,Now who will bear the responsibility?Many representatives proposed this year,Countries also realize this is the top-level design."YouXiaoPing said,The government's function transformation/System operation of the mechanism's design and our future,Including financial reform is closely linked,Not a single,But a system problem.

　　“‘金改’需要自下而上的创新，也需要自上而下的顶层设计。现在民间的创新热情很高，但有些领域是红线。”陈金彪举例表示，比如村镇银行的发起，这个需要顶层设计来制定门槛准入制；比如民间资本借贷服务中心，贷款人和借贷人一交易就会发生税收问题。这些能否优惠，或者在初创期间能够免税，这个需要国家税务部门制定政策。

"‘Gold to change’Need innovation from bottom to top,Also need to be at the top of top-down design.Now the folk innovation enthusiasm is very high,But some areas are the red line."For example Chen Jinbiao says,Such as rural Banks,The need to set the threshold access system top design;Such as private capital lending service center,Lenders and borrowers a transaction tax problem occurs.These can offer,Or during the startup can be duty-free,This need to national tax departments to formulate policies.

　　尤小平认为，中国的投资渠道非常少，股市要赔钱，房市现在不让你动，那钱存在银行，老百姓辛辛苦苦赚的钱存在银行，但获得的利率与CPI相比是亏的。“所以，国家每一步经济发展都是老百姓付出的代价，改革开放以来，老百姓和农民付出巨大的代价。”尤小平表示，金融改革也是这样的规律，居民存款存到银行是亏本，所以，这也是利率市场化的一个核心组成，而且它的利率和收入必须和通胀挂起钩来，这样老百姓才能保障自己的财产。

YouXiaoPing think,Very few investment channels in China,Stock market will lose money,The housing market now won't let you move,The money in the bank,People have worked so hard to earn money in the bank,But interest rates compared to the CPI is deficient."so,Every step of economic development is the ordinary price,Since the reform and opening,Common people and farmers pay a heavy price."YouXiaoPing said,So it is the laws of the financial reform,Residents savings deposit to the bank is at a loss,so,This is a core component of interest rate liberalization,And its interest rate and income must hang the hook to inflation,In this way can people protect their property.

　　另外，尤小平也在今年“两会”上呼吁沿海各省份积极行动起来开拓创新倒逼“金改”。他认为，温州是民营经济的发源地，是全国改革的排头兵。温州先行先试，整个浙江也是先行先试，全部沿海各个开放城市都动起来，采用倒逼机制促进“金改”。他表示改革开放有非常好的案例，就是把生产力解放出来。金融改革是生产力解放重要组成部分。

In addition,YouXiaoPing also in this year"The two sessions"Called for coastal provinces into action on innovation"Gold to change".He thinks that,As the cradle of private economy in wenzhou,Is the pioneer of the national reform.Wenzhou first try first,The whole of zhejiang is also leading to try first,Move all the open coastal cities,Using reversed transmission mechanism to promote"Gold to change".He said the reform and opening up has a very good case,Is liberating productive forces.Financial reform is an important part of the liberation of productive forces.

　　“金融改革一方面我们自身要大步伐前进，过去温州的民营经济发展都是自己先干出来的，现在到了深水区。”尤小平建议，温州的金融改革，一方面沿海地区当地政府要大力推进，先行先试，只要不违反“红线”都可以做，先把它做起来，做大做强了国家也会承认；另一方面国家也必须要看到科学的安排改革，如果按照新老“三十六条”执行，让“弹簧门”、“玻璃门”尽快消失。

"Larger financial reform on the one hand, our own pace,The past of wenzhou private economy development is do their own,Now to the deep waters."YouXiaoPing advice,Wenzhou's financial reform,On the one hand, the local government to promote the coastal area,First try,As long as it is in violation of the"The red line"Can be done,Let's do it,Do bigger and stronger countries will admit;On the other hand, countries must also see the arrangement of the scientific reform,If, in accordance with the new and old"Article 36."perform,let"Swing door"/"The glass door"Disappear as soon as possible.

　　当然，在温州“金改”政策运行一周年后，金彪对于今年民间资本的形势还是非常看好的。“现在温州民间借贷服务体系显示登记的数量在大幅度上升，相信今年民间投资将会越来越活跃。”他介绍说，许多问题的解决不可能一蹴而就，金融改革并非“包医百病”，但今年的金融改革依然存在较大的突破空间，许多领域将获得更多的松绑。

Of course,,In wenzhou"Gold to change"Policy to run after the one year anniversary,Jin Biao for folk capital situation is still very bullish on this year."Wenzhou folk lending service system now display the sharp rise in the number of registration,Believe that private investment this year will be more and more active."He said,Many problem will not happen overnight,Financial reform is not"BaoYi all diseases",But there is still a larger breakthrough space this year's financial reform,Many areas will get more relax.