晨报记者 陈征 本版现场图片

The morning paper reporter ChenZheng this scene picture

　　对“陪读老人”来说，不仅是接送上下学。

to"Or relatives can apply for the old man"for,Is not only ShangXiaXue pick-up.

　　晨报记者 朱晓芳 实习生 唐怡婷

The morning paper reporter ZhuXiaoFang interns TangYiTing

　　昨天是开学的第一天。早上7点半刚过，吉祥路上虹口区某小学的门口开始熙熙攘攘起来，送学的车辆、上学的孩子，将并不宽敞的小马路挤了个水泄不通。

Yesterday was the first day of classes.At half past seven in the morning just over,A primary way auspicious hongkou district of the door began to hustle and bustle up,Send learn vehicle/School children,Will not capacious small road crowded a jam.

　　66岁的陈奶奶一手牵着11岁的孙子程程，一手拎着10多斤重的书包，向小学的校门口径直走去。从家里到该小学这条20分钟的路，陈奶奶已经走了整整四年。开学后，陈奶奶需要奔忙的，绝不仅仅是这条从家到小学的路，她还要陪程程去上奥数、英语、钢琴、黑管、围棋、美术、书法等多个培训班。

The 66 - year - old grandmother Chen holding a 11-year-old grandson ChengCheng,Hand carry more than 10 jins heavy bag,To the primary school school walked straight.From home to the school this article 20 minutes' walk,Chen grandma had left for four years.After the start of,Chen grandma need the hustle,This article is not only the way from home to school,She accompany with ChengCheng go to mathematical olympiad/English/piano/clarinet/go/art/Calligraphy and so on many training class.

　　拎着10多斤重书包去学校

Carry more than 10 jins heavy schoolbag go to school

　　陪孙儿苦读的陈奶奶，会奥数、能下棋，练就十八般武艺，有的家长和老师索性直呼她为“万能奶奶”。

With the grandchild swot grandma Chen,Will aoshu/Can play chess,Practice legendary weapons of China,Some parents and teachers simply call for her"Universal grandma".

　　昨天是开学的第一天。早上6点30分闹钟响起，“万能奶奶”起床了。在爷爷烧粥做早饭的同时，奶奶也利落地做好了浓油酱赤的红烧肉和清炒鸡毛菜。

Yesterday was the first day of classes.At 6:30 in the morning the alarm clock rings,"Universal grandma"up.In grandpa's burning do breakfast porridge at the same time,Grandma also neatly done thick oil sauce of red braise in soy sauce meat and stir-fried Chinese little greens.

　　祖孙三人一起用过早饭，奶奶开始整理书包。新开学，书有点多，对照着课程表，奶奶将第一天的课本一一放入书包。单手拎了下书包，有点沉，“应该有10多斤重吧”，奶奶说，她一把拿过程程的书包，一手拉着程程的手，步行去学校。

Their three people with breakfast,Grandma started to pack my school bag.The new,The book is a bit more,Contrast to the timetable,Grandma will be the first day of the textbooks in one bag.Single hand carry the bag,A little heavy,"There should be more than 10 pounds it",Grandma said,She take process path bag,Hand took ChengCheng hand,Go to school on foot.

　　忙里偷闲先做奥数题

His first Olympic math problem

　　送好程程，陈奶奶跑到附近的一个小菜场买菜。告别暑假的奶奶不像假期那样四处奔忙着送程程去培训班。这个上午，对奶奶来说，有些闲。闲不住的奶奶，拿出五年级奥数习题集开始做题，两个小时一晃就过去了。

Send good ChengCheng,Chen grandma ran to a nearby diamondback field to buy food.Goodbye summer grandma don't like vacations that hustle around the send ChengCheng to training class.This morning,For to grandma,Some idle.'m restless grandma,Out of grade five Olympic math problem sets began to become a problem,Two hours zoomed.

　　午饭过后，奶奶上了网，“我最爱看新闻，特别是教育新闻”。

After lunch,Grandma on the net,"I like best the news,Especially education news".

　　下午3点，奶奶开始为孩子做点心。自己和面，做成面饼，“有的时候我会做馒头”，“这些东西外面有卖，但不一定卫生。”

3 PM,Grandma started for the children for dessert.Yourself and,Make bunches of,"Sometimes I do steamed bread","These things are sold out,But not health."

　　下午4点50分，奶奶刚走到校门口，就遇到了程程的同学，“奶奶，今天有什么好吃的？”程程的同学习惯这样一边问她，一边向奶奶讨要点心。一分钟后，程程也出了校门，奶奶用湿纸巾为他擦了擦手，随后才递上面饼。

At 4 PM 50 points,Grandma just walk to school,Met ChengCheng classmates,"grandma,A: what's good today?"ChengCheng classmates habit so asking her,Side to grandma for dessert.A minute later,ChengCheng also out of the school gate,Grandma use wet towel for he wiped her hands,Then pass bunches.

　　晚上奶奶陪练学习到深夜

Night grandma practice study until late at night

　　到家后孩子先做了一会学校作业，接着奶奶拿出上午她做过的奥数练习题。当看到程程蹙眉的时候，奶奶总是不失时机地在旁边指点两句，“想想，前两天我们做过类似的题目。”

Home to do first after children for a while school work,Then grandma take out morning she did Olympic math exercises.When he saw the ChengCheng frowned,Grandma always lose no time to beside show two sentences,"Think about,Two days before we do a similar topic."

　　昨天程程练习黑管的时间，放在了晚饭后。当程程对着学校发的无名练习曲目吹奏时，奶奶则认真地对照曲谱，看他是否吹得对。

Yesterday ChengCheng practice clarinet time,In the after supper.When ChengCheng to school hair of unknown practice pieces playing,Grandma is carefully controlled opern,See if he have blown on.

　　晚上9点半，程程睡觉了。奶奶忙完了家务，开始做奥数题，因为上午已经做了一些，很快做完了，奶奶又拿出孩子的课本翻看白天上课的内容。晚上11点，奶奶终于可以上床睡觉，开学第一天结束。

Night at half past nine,ChengCheng bed.Grandma busy finished the housework,Start to do Olympic math problem,Because morning have already made some,Soon finished,Grandma again took out the children's books read the contents of the class during the day.11 PM,Grandma can finally go to bed,The first day of school end.

　　【“万能奶奶”的六年陪读路】

["Universal grandma"Six years or relatives can apply for road]

　　学奥数：站在凳子上窗外“偷听”

Learn aoshu:Standing on the stool out of the window"eavesdropping"

　　孙子做题前奶奶先做一遍，半夜灵感来袭爬起做题

Grandchildren do topic before grandma to do it again,Midnight inspiration incoming climb up do topic

　　黑白夹杂的短直发、大眼睛，着素色短袖的衬衫、咖啡色的裤子，66岁的“万能奶奶”看上去简朴，却很精神。说起她的陪读故事，“万能奶奶”时常爆发出爽朗的哈哈大笑声。

Black and white inclusion of short straight hair/Big eyes,The plain short sleeve shirt/Brown pants,The 66 - year - old"Universal grandma"Looks simple,But very spirit.Speaking of her story or relatives can apply,"Universal grandma"Often broke into chipper haw-haw.

　　程程开学就读五年级了，明年他将面临“小升初”。在“万能奶奶”看来，奥数是绕不过去的择校敲门砖，而她则是程程奥数求学路上坚定的陪读者。

The ChengCheng studying in grade five,The next year he will face"another".in"Universal grandma"It seems,Olympic math is not the past (around school,And she is ChengCheng aoshu school road firm with readers.

　　早在一年前，程程“三升四”的暑假，“万能奶奶”就为程程报读了奥数班。一周要上三次，一次两节课，每次都是陈奶奶陪着孙子一起去。培训中心起初允许家长旁听，但第一堂课后老师发现，旁听的不少家长听不懂奥数，频频私下发问，影响课堂纪律。于是，第二天，培训中心出台了新规定：家长一律不得入内。

As early as in a year ago,ChengCheng"Three litres four"Summer vacation,"Universal grandma"For ChengCheng quote read Olympic math class.Want to go to the three times a week,A two classes,Every time is Chen grandma with grandson go together.Training center at first allow parents to sit on,But on the first day of class the teacher found that,Sit in a lot of parents don't understand mathematical olympiad,Privately frequently ask,Influence classroom discipline.so,The next day,Training center issued new regulations:Parents are not allowed inside.

　　“万能奶奶”想着法子要听课，“明明说好家长可以听课，现在不让我们听，这不是‘虚假广告’吗？”“舌战”没有说服培训中心，“万能奶奶”却没有放弃听课的权利，“古人为了求学尚有‘凿壁偷光’，不让我听也可以，我只有一个要求，你们不要把窗关起来，声音响点，我就站在窗外听。”

"Universal grandma"Thinking about ways to to attend a lecture,"Clearly say good parents can to attend a lecture,Now let's listen to,This is not‘False advertising’??""debate"Not persuade training center,"Universal grandma"Did not give up the right to attend a lecture,"The ancients to school there is‘Chisel wall stealing light’,Don't let me listen to also can,I only have one request,You don't close the window,Sound louder,I stood in the window to listen to."

　　她找来一个三十厘米高的小板凳，放在教室外靠窗的位置，利落地爬上凳子，把头伸进窗户，竖起耳朵听奥数课。这一幕，被培训中心巡视的老师看到，大喊“老奶奶，危险”的同时，也无奈“缴械”投降，“奶奶，您还是进去听吧，万一摔了我们可担不起啊！”

She find a 30 centimeters high small wooden bench,Outside the classroom in a seat by the window,Agile up the stool,Head into the window,Ears Olympic math class.This scene,Be training center perambulatory the teacher saw,Shouting"granny,dangerous"At the same time,Also helpless"disarmed"surrender,"grandma,You still go in to listen,One thousand fell we can bear not ah!"

　　就这样，“万能奶奶”获得了进教室听课的权利，和她一样想陪读听课的老人，也一同被请进了教室。说到“搬板凳窗外学奥数”的故事，“万能奶奶”放声大笑，流露出不无得意的神情，“我上课记笔记的，遇到不懂的问题也会问老师。考试时，老师还会给我发一份考卷。”

so,"Universal grandma"Got into the classroom to attend a lecture rights,And she want to listening to lectures or relatives can apply for the old man,They were invited into the classroom.Said to"Move the window to learn the mathematical olympiad"story,"Universal grandma"laugh,Reveal not proud look,"I the notes in class,You don't understand the issues will also be asked the teacher.exams,The teacher will give I hair a test paper."

　　为了让孙子更好地掌握奥数，在程程做题前，“万能奶奶”总是提前先做一遍。因为要做饭洗衣干家务，“万能奶奶”每天做奥数的时间是晚上9点-11点。有几次，奶奶遇到难题，思前想后找不到解题思路，只好洗洗睡了。凌晨2点，“万能奶奶”突然醒来，马上穿好衣服冲到书桌前，开始提笔解题。原来，这是“奥数灵感”半夜来袭……

In order to let the grandson to grasp the mathematical olympiad,In ChengCheng do before the question,"Universal grandma"Always advance to do it again.For cooking laundry do housework,"Universal grandma"Every day do aoshu time is 9 PM - 11 o 'clock.There are a few times,Grandma have problems,Think it through find way for obtaining,Had to wash your sleep.2 am,"Universal grandma"Suddenly wake up,Immediately wear good clothes rushed to the front desk,Began to problem solving thought.The original,This is"Aoshu inspiration"Midnight incoming……

　　“万能奶奶”的奥数水平在家长群中小有名气。家里的电话成了“万能奶奶”的“奥数热线”，一些家长经常会打电话询问奥数题目的解法。

"Universal grandma"The level of the mathematical olympiad in parents group of small and medium-sized famous.The telephone of home became"Universal grandma"of"Aoshu hotline",Some parents often call to ask Olympic math subject solution.

　　经过一年的准备，“万能奶奶”准备让即将“小升初”的程程参加今年的奥数竞赛。奶奶在暗暗“发力”，却不希望孙子有压力。

After a year's preparation,"Universal grandma"Ready to let the"another"The ChengCheng to participate in this year's Olympic math competition.Grandma in secretly"Hair force",But don't want grandson have pressure.

　　学黑管：奶奶先学五线谱

Learn clarinet:Grandma learn the staff

　　程程每天在家练习的，还有黑管，每次一吹就是半小时。奶奶是忠实的陪练。

ChengCheng practice at home every day,And clarinet,Every time a blow is half an hour.Grandma is a faithful practice.

　　程程从小学二年级开始学吹黑管，起初不识五线谱，孙子有些畏难。“万能奶奶”冲锋陷阵，自告奋勇先学。她先学习音阶的位置，然后把五线谱翻译成简谱，在五线谱上写满数字，随后用嘴巴哼出，再让程程听着乐谱吹出音乐。在奶奶的努力下，程程今年考出了黑管五级。

ChengCheng from elementary school second grade began to learn playing the clarinet,At first not to know staff,Grandson some fears."Universal grandma"Charged up,Offer to learn.She first study the position of the scale,Then the staff translated into numbered musical notation,On the staff write full digital,Then mouth hum out,Let ChengCheng listen music blow out music.In grandmother's efforts,ChengCheng test this year out of the clarinet fresh.

　　考围棋：祖孙对弈切磋

Exam go:Their discussion of the game

　　程程要学下围棋，一窍不通的奶奶也开始学，两个人经常互相对弈切磋技艺。起初，程程常输给奶奶，一输就哭鼻子，奶奶于是提议再下一盘，这一盘孙子一定会赢……奶奶说：“程程之前常常输是因为刚开始学习时，记简单的棋谱，两人水平不相上下。后来，棋谱复杂了，程程的记性好，全背下了，我就不如他。如今，我已经从假输变成真输啦。”

ChengCheng to learn chess,Know nothing about grandma are starting to learn,Two of the game each other often compete their skills.At first,ChengCheng often lost to grandma,A lose to snivel,Grandma and proposal to the next round,It's a plate grandson will win……Grandma said:"Before ChengCheng often lose because just begin to work,Remember the simple moves,Two people same level.later,Moves complicated,ChengCheng a good memory,Full back down the,I was behind him.now,I have from false design come true choke."

　　现在，程程已经考出围棋四级，为了这个四级证书，程程一共参加了10次围棋考级考试。即便是在宝山、闵行区的考点，奶奶每次都不怕路远提前踩点。

now,ChengCheng have an exam go level 4,For this level 4 certificate,ChengCheng altogether attended 10 times go cma exam.Even in baoshan/Test of minhang district,Grandma every time all not afraid on the road is the CaiDian in advance.

　　“万能奶奶”：陪读苦中作乐

"Universal grandma":Taking pains or relatives can apply

　　“我多努力点，孙子就能更出色”

"I work hard point,Grandson can more outstanding"

　　说陈奶奶是“万能”，是因为，她会的绝不只是奥数、黑管、围棋。

Said Chen grandma is"universal",because,She will never just mathematical olympiad/clarinet/go.

　　程程从幼儿园中班开始学习美术，大班后开始学习围棋和书法，之后又学习了钢琴、黑管，如今，奥数、英语是学习重点。可以说，只要是孙子学过的，就没有“万能奶奶”不会的。说起6年的陪读路，奶奶感叹说：“我多努力点，孙子就能更出色一些。”

ChengCheng from kindergarten classes began to learn art,After class began to study the game of go and calligraphy,After learning the piano again/clarinet,now,aoshu/English learning is key.Can say,As long as it is a grandson learned,There is no"Universal grandma"Won't.About six years or relatives can apply for road,Grandma exclamation said:"I work hard point,Grandson can better some."

　　陈奶奶是一名退休的政治老师，从小就有一股热爱学习劲。陈奶奶回忆起小时候：数学老师一教完算数，她回家后就把一整本算术题都做完了。如今，奶奶把她的好学劲用到了陪孙子求学的路上。虽然一路陪读很辛苦，但是奶奶觉得苦中有乐，甚至觉得自己很幸运：“别人都是外婆抢着带外孙，我能带到孙子，已经很幸运啦！”说到这里，“万能奶奶”又是一阵爽朗的笑声。

Chen grandma is a retired political the teacher,Since the childhood has a love of learning strength.Chen grandma remember when I was a child:The math teacher a teach the count,After her home the whole this arithmetic is done.now,Grandma put her strength and used to study with the son of the way.Although all the way or relatives can apply for very hard,But grandma feel bitter in music,Even feel lucky:"The other people all is the grandma with grandson,Can I take to grandson,It has been very lucky!"here,"Universal grandma"Is a chipper laughter.

　　程程的父亲是会计师，经常出差，妈妈是一事业单位的工会主席。对奶奶，程程妈妈连口称赞：“我的婆婆真是文武双全！我俩分工带孩子，配合得很好，也很开心。”

ChengCheng's father is a accountant,travel,My mother is a business unit of the trade union chairman.To grandma,ChengCheng mother even mouth praise:"My mother-in-law is versed in both literature and military affairs!Division of our children,Fit well,Is also very happy."

　　不过，对程程的教育，妈妈有着自己的无奈，也经历了从素质教育到应试教育的纠结。“在孩子三年级之前，我更注重孩子的素质教育，但是三年级之后，我发现情势不对。为进一所好中学，身边同事的孩子都在报补习班，孩子们都变得‘身怀绝技’。如果再不让孩子多学些东西，怕是难以应付以后的竞争。所以，我赶紧送程程去补习奥数、英语，希望进中学时有过硬的‘敲门砖’。”妈妈说，“即使这样，程程要进最好的名校希望不大，人家孩子都得过奥数一等奖，我们还没参赛，学得还是太晚了。”

but,ChengCheng to the education,Mother has its own helpless,Also experienced from the quality education to the exam-oriented education intertwine."In third grade children before,I pay more attention to the child's quality education,But after three grade,I found the wrong.For into a good high school,Colleagues around the children are all in the newspaper cram school,The children all become‘Special skills’.If don't let the children learn something,I'm afraid to cope with future competition.so,I hurriedly send ChengCheng to go to cram school mathematical olympiad/English,Hope into middle school is excellent‘sky’."Mother said,"Even so,ChengCheng go into the best school hope not,Somebody else's children are too aoshu first prize,We are not participating,Learn or too late."

　　【培训班探访】

[Training visit]

　　孙子出游，77岁外公代为听课

Grandson travel,77 - year - old grandfather to to attend a lecture

　　遇到不懂的奥数题就不耻下问，老师叹比孩子都学得认真

You don't know the title of mathematical olympiad fools,The teacher sigh than children learn seriously

　　像陈奶奶这样的“万能老人”不在少数。除了“万能奶奶”，还有“万能爷爷”、“万能外公、外婆”。开学第一天，记者在好几所校门口看到，来接送孩子上下学的，七八成都是老人。新学期，对“万能老人”来说，不仅是接送上下学，而且意味着“陪读日”的开始。

Like Chen grandma such"Universal old man"Is not a few.In addition to"Universal grandma",and"Universal grandpa"/"Universal grandpa/grandmother".The first day of school,Reporter in several school gate to see,To the children ShangXiaXue pick-up,Eight chengdu is the old man.The new semester,to"Universal old man"for,Is not only ShangXiaXue pick-up,And means", or relatives can apply"start.

　　上周末，记者在程程上奥数课的一杨浦区教学点看到，培训班里20多位小学生，一起陪同来上课的老人就有七八位。白发苍苍的老人坐在小板凳上，认真倾听奥数老师的每一句话。尽管有的完全听不懂，他们也一字不落地记下。课后，对不懂的问题，他们总是争分夺秒地找老师或家长请教。

Last weekend,Reporter in the ChengCheng Olympic math class set a ought to see,In the training more than 20 students,Accompanied with the old man coming to class have QiBaWei.White-haired old man sitting on the bench,Listening carefully to Olympic math teacher's every word.Although some not understand me at all,They also a word does not fall to the ground down.After class,To don't understand,They are always a race against time to find a teacher or parents to consult.

　　采访时，奥数班里有一位孩子正好到外地出游3天，77岁的外公则在教室里帮孩子听课。外公说：“孩子很辛苦，出去玩几天是应该的，等孩子回来了，我就把落下的课程统统帮他补回来。奥数已经陪他学了几年，每次考试前，都是我帮他复习功课，小外孙考试成绩还不赖，我也挺开心。”

interview,Olympic math class has a child to travel from just three days,The 77 - year - old grandfather is in the classroom for children to attend a lecture.Grandpa said:"The child is very hard,Go out to play a few days is as it should be,The boy has come back, etc,I put down all the course help him repair back.Olympic math has accompanied him to learn a few years,Before every examination,I help him to review his lessons,Little grandson examination results also not bad,I am also pretty happy."

　　这位外公，只要遇到不理解的奥数题目，就会上讲台找老师问，弄得老师感慨，“有些老人学得比孩子还要认真。”

The grandpa,As long as you don't understand aoshu topic,Is the meeting platform to find the teacher asked,Get teacher regrets,"Some old people learn better than children to seriously."

　　为了保证孩子的学习，班级里还有位“万能外公”，不仅每次奥数课后辅导孩子，还特意学习驾驶开车接送，只为让孩子节约时间，上更多的辅导班。

In order to ensure the child's learning,In the class have a"Universal grandpa",Not only each aoshu after-school tutoring children,In the case of the learning driving pick-up driving,Only for children to save time,More class.

　　【专家观点】

[Expert view]

　　包办式陪读要不得

Package type or relatives can apply for wrong

　　上海进才实验小学校长赵国弟并不赞成这样的隔代抚养、越俎代庖。他认为，老人的思维方式与年轻人不一样，在很大程度上会影响到孩子。老人们陪读，有时会变成老人替代或辅佐孩子去学习，并不能让孩子学会自主学习，不利于培养孩子独立思考的空间。 “老人固然是希望孩子能够学得多、学得好，不要落后于他人，但是家长们应该让孩子有选择性地学习，有兴趣地学习，为了成长而学习，而不是为学习而学习。 ”

Shanghai into just experimental primary school principals ZhaoGuoDi is not in favor of such a throwback raising/fact.He thinks,The old man's way of thinking and young people are not the same,In a large extent affect the child.Old people or relatives can apply,Sometimes turns into the old man alternative or assisted the child to learn,And must not let the children learn to autonomous learning,To cultivate children to independent thinking space. "The old man is a hope children can learn much/Learn well,Don't behind the others,But parents should let their children learn selectively,Interested to learn,In order to grow and learn,And not for learning and learning. "

　　21世纪教育研究院副院长熊丙奇说，“万能奶奶”是隔代抚养教育造成。孩子家长忙工作，让祖辈代为抚养管教孩子，这样的教育过程，容易存在问题。虽然“万能奶奶”与子女相处融洽，但其他的父辈与祖辈之间的教育理念往往有较大偏差，容易导致父辈与祖辈发生矛盾。而老人的过度溺爱、百依百顺也会纵容孩子，导致自我管理能力的缺失。

The 21st century education institute, vice President of the XiongBingJi said,"Universal grandma"Every generation is raising education cause.Children parents busy at work,Let the ancestors to raise discipline their children,Such education process,Easy problems.although"Universal grandma"And children got along with,But other parents and grandparents education concept between often have larger deviation,Easy to cause the parents and grandparents contradict.And the old man's spoilt/Jump through hoops will indulge their children,Lead to the lack of self management ability.

　　专家认为，有两种陪读方式要不得。一种是包办式。这是家长经常会用的一种陪读方式，即大人直接参与学习整个过程，从准备用具、解答习题到收拾书包，都要亲自过问，甚至直接代替。这样的陪读不仅不利于学习，还会让孩子形成依赖，不利于成长。一种是粗暴式。因家长期望较高，又缺乏耐心，一旦孩子出现错误或与要求差距太远，轻则训斥、重则体罚。弄得孩子学习时战战兢兢生怕出错，严重打击其自信和兴趣！

Experts say,There are two kinds of way wrong or relatives can apply.One kind is arranged type.This is the parents often use a way or relatives can apply,That is an adult directly involved in learning the whole process,From preparation equipment/Answer problem sets to tidy up bag,All want to by theirselves,Even directly instead of.Such or relatives can apply for not conducive to learning,Still can let the child to form rely on,Against growth.One kind is rough type.Because parents expect higher,And lack of patience,Once the child mistakes or and requirements gap is too far away,Light is scolding/Heavy then corporal punishment.Make children learning trembled for fear that error,Severe blow to the confidence and interest!