受国务院委托，国务院国资委主任王勇昨天向十一届全国人大常委会作《国务院关于国有企业改革与发展工作情况的报告》，报告剖析了目前国企改革中存在的体制、机制、结构和历史问题。其中明确表示，中央企业还有医院、学校和管理的社区等办社会职能机构8000多个，对这些机构的费用补贴每年多达几百亿元。

Entrusted by the state council,,The sasac of the state council director wang yong yesterday to the first session of the 11th National People's Congress (NPC) for[The state council on the reform of state-owned enterprises and the development work report],The report analyzes the present existing in the reform of state-owned enterprises system/mechanism/Structure and historical problems.Which made it clear that,The central enterprise and hospital/Schools and the community management, such as more than 8000 institutions do social functions,The cost of these institutions to subsidies every year up to yuan.

　　本报记者孙乾

Our reporter SunQian

　　

人大常委会之国企改革 The National People's Congress standing committee of the reform of state-owned enterprises

　　5010户

5010 households

　　全国已有5010户国有大中型企业和资源枯竭的矿山有序退出了市场。

The country had been 5010 households state-owned large and medium-sized enterprises and resources exhausted mines ordered out of the market.

　　54家

54 home

　　上榜《财富》500强的国企从2003年的6家增至今年的54家。

list[wealth]500 strong state-owned enterprises from 2003 in six to this year's 54 home.

　　523万

5.23 million

　　中央企业现有离退休人员523.6万人，还有困难职工等100多万人。

The central enterprise existing retired staff of 5.236 million people,There are difficulties such as workers more than 100 people.

　　8000个

8000

　　中央企业还有医院、学校和管理的社区等办社会职能机构8000多个。

The central enterprise and hospital/Schools and the community management, such as more than 8000 institutions do social functions.

　　

企业制度 Enterprise system

　　

现状重点领域改革进展迟缓 Present situation key areas reform the slowness of the progress

　　王勇介绍，过去十年中，一系列市场化改革，使国企经营机制发生了重大变化。其中，全国90%以上的国企完成公司制股份制改革，中央企业的公司制股份制改制面由2003年的30.4%提高到2011年的72%。同时，公司治理结构得到逐步规范，企业科学决策水平和风险防范能力明显提升。

Wang yong introduces,The events of the last ten years,A series of marketization reform,Make state-owned enterprises operating mechanism has taken a great change.the,More than 90% of the national state-owned enterprises finish a company type stock reform,Central enterprises joint-stock company system GaiZhiMian increase from 30.4% in 2003 to 72% in 2011.At the same time,The company governance structure get gradually standard,Enterprise scientific decision level and risk prevention capacity significantly improve.

　　近年来，部分地方国企和50家央企进行了规范董事会试点。但王勇表示，一些国有企业对突破改革重点难点问题有畏难情绪，重点领域改革进展相对迟缓。

In recent years,Some local state-owned enterprises and 50 renmin home standardize pilot of the board of directors.But wang yong said,Some state-owned enterprises reform to break through the difficult problems have the fear of emotions,Key areas relatively slow progress in reform.

　　

解决途径 solution

　　

探索职业经理人制度 Explore the professional manager system

　　按照现代企业制度的要求，企业领导人员应有选聘、考核、奖惩和退出机制。王勇表示，今后要探索职业经理人制度，适应现代企业制度的要求。企业内部劳动、人事、分配制度改革还需深化，切实转换企业经营机制。

According to the requirements of the modern enterprise system,Enterprise leading personnel should be selected/assessment/Rewards and punishment and exit mechanism.Wang yong said,The future to seek professional manager system,To adapt to the requirements of the modern enterprise system.The enterprise internal labor/personnel/Still need to deepen the reform of the distribution system,Practical conversion enterprise management mechanism.

　　

发展方式 Development mode

　　

现状 5010户国企矿山退市 Present situation of mining 5010 households state-owned enterprises to withdraw from the market

　　王勇透露，全国已有5010户国有大中型企业和资源枯竭的矿山有序退出了市场，同时国企和国有资本逐步从中小企业层面和一般生产加工行业退出，使国企布局结构得以优化。据统计，在39个工业行业中，有18个行业国企总产值占比已低于10%，而上榜《财富》500强的国企从2003年的6家增至今年的54家。

Wang yong said,The country had been 5010 households state-owned large and medium-sized enterprises and resources exhausted mines ordered out of the market,At the same time, state-owned enterprises and state-owned capital gradually from small level and general production and processing industry exit,Make state-owned enterprises to optimize the layout structure.According to the statistics,In 39 industrial industry,There are 18 industry output value accounts for state-owned enterprises than has less than 10%,The list[wealth]500 strong state-owned enterprises from 2003 in six to this year's 54 home.

　　王勇表示，“国企目前大多仍分布在传统产业，战略性新兴产业比重比较低。一些行业产业集中度较低，资源配置效率不高，核心竞争能力不强，重复建设、恶性竞争等问题没有很好解决。”

Wang yong said,"State-owned enterprises at present are mostly distributed in the traditional industries,Strategic new industry relatively low proportion.Some industry industrial concentration is low,The allocation of resources efficiency is not high,The core competition ability is not strong,Repetitive construction/Problems such as the vicious competition is not a good solution."

　　

解决途径 solution

　　

提升国际产业链层级 To promote international industrial chain hierarchy

　　对于解决这些问题的途径，王勇表示，除了要加大淘汰落后产能力度，调整产品结构，提升市场竞争力以外，还要鼓励企业参与跨国并购重组，提升在国际产业链中的层级。引导企业强化管理，提高发展质量和运行效率。

The way to solve these problems,Wang yong said,In addition to increase the elimination of backward production capacity strength,Adjust product structure,Ascension beyond the market competitive power,But also encourage enterprises to participate in the reorganization of transnational m&a,Ascension in the international industrial chain in the hierarchy.Guide enterprises to strengthen management,Improve the development quality and efficiency.

　　

历史问题 history

　　

现状央企离退休人员超500万 Renmin present situation from retiree exceeds 5 million

　　在报告中，王勇以央企为重点，指出了当前国企承担的沉重社会负担。王勇称：“中央企业还有医院、学校和管理的社区等办社会职能机构8000多个，对这些机构的费用补贴每年多达几百亿元。中央企业现有离退休人员523.6万人。”

In the report,Wang renmin with emphasis,This paper pointed out the current state-owned enterprises undertake the heavy burden on society.Wang yong said:"The central enterprise and hospital/Schools and the community management, such as more than 8000 institutions do social functions,The cost of these institutions to subsidies every year up to yuan.The central enterprise existing retired staff of 5.236 million people."

　　王勇表示，企业为此需要承担大量管理和其他负担，解决国有企业厂办大集体问题需要付出很大改革成本。

Wang yong said,Therefore, it is necessary to take a large number of enterprise management and other burden,Solve the problem reforming some collectively owned factories operated by state-owned enterprises need to pay a great reform cost.

　　“我们在改革过程中已经剥离了大部分企业的社会职能，但各种长期积累的离退休人员管理、困难群体帮扶等负担还是很重。”中国企业研究院首席研究员李锦说，“这些问题不解决，国企就难以‘轻装上阵’、公平参与市场竞争；若为企业卸掉这些‘包袱’，又需要支付非常大的改革成本，拖得越久改革成本还会越高。”

"We in the reform process has been stripping most enterprise's social functions,But all kinds of long-term accumulated retired personnel management/Difficult groups such as helping burden is heavy."China enterprise institute chief researcher LiJin said,"These problems are not solved,State-owned enterprises will be difficult to‘lightly’/Fair to participate in market competition;If enterprise uninstalled these‘burden’,And need to pay a very big reform cost,Drag the longer reform cost will be higher."

　　

解决途径研究分离“小社会”政策 Solution research separation"Small society"policy

　　王勇表示，要研究制订有关政策措施，集中力量解决分离国有企业办社会职能、厂办大集体企业改革、离退休人员社会管理等问题。多渠道筹措资金，加大国有资本经营预算用于解决国有企业历史遗留问题的力度。研究解决职工关心的实际问题，妥善安置转岗职工，做好职工技能培训和再就业工作，确保企业和社会稳定。

Wang yong said,To formulate relevant policies and measures,Concentrate on solve the separation of state-owned enterprises to do social functions/Reforming some collectively owned factories operated by enterprise reform/Retirees social management problem.Multi-channel financing,Increase of state-owned capital management budget used to solve longstanding problems in soes efforts.To study and solve practical problem that the worker CARES,Properly arrange job-transfer worker,Do staff skill training and the reemployment work,To ensure that enterprise and social stability.