孙振宇－全国政协委员、中国世界贸易组织研究会会长、中国首任驻世界贸易组织大使、前外经贸部副部长、香港中国商会高级顾问 SunZhenYu - the national political consultative conference (CPPCC)、China's world trade organization research board association President、China's first in the world trade organization ambassador、Former deputy minister of foreign trade and economic cooperation、Hong Kong Chinese chamber of commerce senior consultant

    和讯网消息： 8月22－23日，由香港中国商会主办的第二届中国海外投资年会在香港召开。全国政协副主席黄孟复、香港行政长官梁振英等出席了会议。

    HeXunWang news： August 22-23,，By the Hong Kong Chinese chamber of commerce sponsored by the second session of China's overseas investment conference held in Hong Kong。Vice chairman of the CPPCC national committee HuangMengFu、The Hong Kong chief executive LiangZhenYing etc attended the meeting。

    在23日主题为“全球资源共享投资双向互动”的主论坛上，全国政协委员、中国世界贸易组织研究会会长、中国首任驻世界贸易组织大使、前外经贸部副部长、香港中国商会高级顾问孙振宇先生发表了精彩的演讲。

    In 23 theme“The global resources sharing investment the bidirectional interaction”Lord BBS on，The national political consultative conference (CPPCC)、China's world trade organization research board association President、China's first in the world trade organization ambassador、Former deputy minister of foreign trade and economic cooperation、Hong Kong Chinese chamber of commerce senior consultant SunZhenYu sir delivered an excellent speech。

    孙振宇认为，所有的非政府或者政府的官员，都应该更多地释放正能量，使得我们的投资环境在不断改善的同时，我们的企业经营环境也能够更加宽松。

    SunZhenYu think，All of the non-governmental or government officials，Should be more positive energy release，Make our investment environment in the continuous improvement at the same time，Our enterprise business environment can also more comfortable。

    对于中国能源矿产领域企业“走出去”的话题，他表示，中国能矿企业“走出去”面临的机遇和挑战。

    For China's energy mineral field enterprise“Go out”topic，He said，China's mineral enterprise“Go out”Facing the opportunities and challenges。

    他指出，中国矿产资源“走出去”道路上，目前除了少数企业以外，大部分的投资能力以及在国外经营的能力都比较弱，抗风险的能力就更弱。他同时在论坛上还对这些企业提出了一些建议。

    He pointed out that，China's mineral resources“Go out”road，At present except a few outside the enterprise，Most of the investment ability and the ability of management in foreign countries are weak，The risk resistance ability is weaker。He also in the BBS of these enterprises also puts forward some Suggestions。

    以下是文字实录：     The following is the text memoir：

    孙振宇：首先感谢陈经纬先生给我们提供这么好的平台，使得中外企业界的领袖和我们政府的代表、非政府组织的代表，共同来协商怎么样促进中国企业更好地“走出去”。在我发言之前，我想评论一下刚才两位美国朋友的发言。听了“选择美国”办公室的领导奥尔森先生的发言之后，我感觉是给我们的企业吃了一颗定心丸，鼓励我们的企业到美国投资，介绍了美国很好的投资环境，听了美中关系全国委员会的欧伦斯先生的发言，我好像觉得被泼了一盆冷水，就是对中国的投资环境有些曲解。国务院的文件，总体来说它的出发点是朝着更多的鼓励外资到中国来投资而设定的，增加了很多鼓励的内容。而欧伦斯先生说，所有的这些领域都好像是限制。当然欧伦斯先生是我们的老朋友，从改革开放以来，就给我们提供很多的咨询，对中国情况非常了解。但是我觉得在这里还是要跟大家讲清楚，我们的投资环境是有很多需要改进的地方，但是总体来说，比10年前、20年前要开放得多，否则我们就没法解释，为什么我们每年还有1000多亿美元的外国投资到中国来，为什么这么多的国际组织仍然把中国看成是最佳的投资的首选地。

    SunZhenYu：First of all thank ChenJingWei sir to provide us with such a good platform，Make Chinese and foreign business leaders and representatives of the government of the us、Non-governmental organization representative，Common to negotiate how promote China's enterprises better“Go out”。In my speech before，I'd like to comment on just two American friend's speech。Listen to the“Choose the United States”The leadership of the office olsen after speech，I feel is for our enterprise ate an evening，Encourage our enterprise into the United States investment，Introduces the good investment environment，Listened to the national committee on u.s.-china relations champions Aaron, sir speech，I seem to feel pours cold water，Is China's investment environment some distortion。The state council document，In general it is the starting point of toward more encourage foreign investment to China to invest and set，Increased a lot of encourage content。And Aaron said Mr., Europe，All of these fields are seems to be limited。Of course the Aaron, Mr. A is our old friend，From the reform and opening-up，Just give us a lot of consultation，Situation in China is very understanding。But I think here or and told everybody clear，Our investment environment is there are many areas in need of improvement，But overall，Than 10 years ago、20 years ago to open much，Otherwise, we can't explain，Why do we have annual more than $1000 of foreign investment to China，Why so many international organizations still see China as a priority on the investment is the best。

    总体来说，我觉得所有的非政府或者政府的官员，还是应该更多地来释放正能量，使得我们的投资环境在不断改善的同时，使我们的企业经营更加宽松。我们也可以看到，美国的投资环境确实是比较开放的，但是它的所谓“保护国家安全”的定义可以是很宽泛的，去问问我们的中海油、华为公司，就可以知道，有许多所谓的国家安全，其实并不涉及安全问题，这样的话，它的限制可能就比较大。这个问题，我想我和欧伦斯先生还可以在下面继续沟通。

    overall，I think all the non-governmental or government officials，Should be more to release the positive energy，Make our investment environment in the continuous improvement at the same time，Make our enterprise management more comfortable。We can also see，America's investment environment is indeed more open，But it's called“To protect national security”The definition can be very broad，Go to ask our cnooc、Huawei company，Can know，There are many so-called national security，Actually not involving safety problems，so，Its limit may be more big。The problem，I think I and European Aaron, sir can also below to communicate。

    我今天主要讲一讲在能源和矿产领域，我们的企业“走出去”的问题，这个问题也是比较敏感的。由于金融危机、气候变化、新能源崛起等因素，促使全球经济正在发生深刻的变化。20世纪大部分的时间里，天然资源，包括能源、粮食、水等等原材料价格普遍下跌，支持了当时的经济发展。20世纪人口的增加了4倍多，但是全球的经济产量提高了近20倍，原材料的价格指数下跌了将近一半。从全球的能源需求来看，现在能源的需求随着金融危机、欧债危机，能源需求不断萎缩，而新兴经济体异军突起，成为了能源需求新的增长点，2012年，英国石油在华发布了《2030年世界能源展望》报告，这个报告指出，96%的能源消费增长来自于非OECD国家，到2030年，中国和印度将分别成为世界上最大的和第三大的经济体，在能源和消费方面，将占到全球总量的35%。目前，全球的中产阶级消费者大约18亿，20年以后会增加到30亿，预测到2030年，全球的汽车数量将倍增，达到17亿辆，未来20年，印度人所摄取的热量将增加20%，中国人消费的肉类将提高40%，中国每年新增的建筑面积，相当于芝加哥所有的住宅和商用面积的2.5倍。印度每年新增的建筑面积要相当于一个芝加哥。

    Today, I mainly a lecture in the energy and mineral field，Our enterprise“Go out”problems，This problem is sensitive。Due to the financial crisis、Climate change、New energy factors such as rise，Make the global economy is undergoing profound changes。The 20th century most of the time，Natural resources，Including energy、food、Water and so on raw material prices generally fell，Support the economic development at that time。The increase in population of 20th century four times more，But the global economic output has increased nearly 20 times，The price of raw materials index fell nearly half。From the global energy demand to see，Now the energy demand as the financial crisis、The debt crisis，Energy demand shrinking，And the rise of emerging economies，Become the new growth point of energy demand，In 2012,，British petroleum released in China《The 2030 world energy outlook》The report，The report says，96% of the energy consumption growth from the OECD countries，By 2030，China and India are will become the world's largest and the third largest economies，In the energy and consumer spending，Will account for 35% of the total global。At present，The global middle class consumers about 1.8 billion，Twenty years later will increase to 3 billion，Forecast that by 2030，The global car number multiplication，A total of 1.7 billion cars，The next 20 years，Indian their calorie intake will increase 20%，The Chinese meat consumption will be raised by 40%，Every year China new building area，Equivalent to Chicago all the residential and commercial area of 2.5 times。India annually to building area is equivalent to a Chicago。

    中国能矿企业“走出去”面临的机遇和挑战。中国的矿产资源总体来说比较丰富，但是人均比较少，禀赋差，大宗的支柱性的矿产不足，虽然我们拥有煤、钨、锡、稀土等优势的矿产资源，但是在石油、天然气、铁、铜、钾等等方面，一直是依赖进口，经济社会发展的阶段性的特征和资源的国情，决定了我们在矿产资源方面面临着供需的矛盾，需要加以缓解。中国的矿业界和能源企业先后都到国外进行考察，探讨在国外开发资源的可能性，并且先后在几十个国家进行了矿产的勘探开发。2011年，我们在精梳和矿产方面投资达到154亿美元，占世界第二高位，但是不是所有人对这个事情都是感到欢欣鼓舞的，我们听到一些国家散布所谓“新殖民主义”，所谓中国掠夺非洲资源等等，我觉得这是不公平的。因为在过去半个世纪，中国在非洲做了大量的工作，我们援建了2000多公里的铁路，3000多公里的公路，100多所学校，60多所医院，实际上我们在非洲拿到的石油，只占非洲出口的13%，而美国拿到了30%，欧盟拿到了37%，实际上我觉得这种对中国的指责是不公平的。当然，我们自己必须自省，就是我们的企业如果把国内的一些不规范的做法拿到国外去的话，确实会造成很大的不良影响，我们在整体的外部环境所面临的风险也会越来越大。

    China's mineral enterprise“Go out”Facing the opportunities and challenges。China's mineral resources are abundant in general，But the per capita less，Endowment difference，The bulk of its mineral deficiency，Although we have coal、tungsten、tin、The advantages of the rare earth mineral resources，But in the oil、gas、iron、copper、Potassium, etc，Is always rely on imports，The development of economy and society of the phased characteristics and resource conditions，Determines our in mineral resources facing the contradiction of supply and demand，Need to ease。China's mining industry and energy enterprise successively to foreign investigation，To discuss the possibility of foreign development resources，And dozens of countries successively in the exploration and development of mineral resources。In 2011,，We are combed and mineral invested us $15.4 billion，The second high of the world，But not all of the things are feel exultant，We hear some countries spread the so-called“New colonialism”，The so-called China rob African resources and so on，I think this is not fair。Because in the past half a century，China in Africa did a lot of work，We built more than 2000 kilometers of railway，More than 3000 kilometers of road，More than 100 schools，More than 60 hospitals，In fact we in Africa to the oil，Only about 13% of Africa's exports，While the United States got 30%，The European Union got 37%，Actually I think this to blame China is not fair。Of course，We ourselves must introspection，Is our enterprise if the domestic some non-standard practices to go abroad，Really can cause a lot of bad effects，We in the whole external environment faced by the risk also will be more and more big。

    就目前的情况看，中国的石油企业在跨国经营方面还是比较成功的，但是非石油的矿产资源“走出去”的企业不太成功，除了少数企业以外，中国的矿产资源“走出去”的企业还是投资能力比较弱，在国外经营的能力比较弱，抗风险的能力就更弱，对国际的惯例和通行的规则也不够通晓。所以我对这些企业提一些建议：

    In the present case，China's oil enterprises in the multinational business and relatively successful，But non-oil mineral resources“Go out”The enterprise was not very successful，Except a few outside the enterprise，China's mineral resources“Go out”Enterprise or investment ability is weak，In foreign business ability is weak，The risk resistance ability is weaker，To the international practices and rules of the passage is not familiar with。So I to these enterprises some advice：

    第一，“走出去”的企业要对国外的情况进行深入的评估，并且及时调整企业发展的策略，充分发挥我们的进取精神，积极投身到国际竞争的大潮当中去。

    The first，“Go out”Enterprise to foreign situation in-depth evaluation，And adjust enterprise development strategy，Give full play to our enterprising spirit，Took an active part in the international competition of spring to。

    第二，企业在国外遇到的任何困难或者挑战，在国外受到一些不公平的待遇，希望企业通过各种途径向我们的驻外机构、商会、协会，以及政府部门及时的反馈，这样我们在多边和双边，可以通过这种交涉，为我们的企业创造更好的经营环境。

    The second，Foreign enterprises in the encounter any difficulties or challenges，In foreign countries by some unfair treatment，The hope business enterprise through various channels to our overseas agencies、Chamber of commerce、association，And government departments timely feedback，So we in the multilateral and bilateral，May through this diplomacy，For the enterprise to create a better business environment。

    第三，在国外开展合作，尤其是能源方面开展合作，一定要注意保护当地的环境，不能只顾开采，而不保护当地的环境，像墨西哥湾和渤海漏油的事件，以及印度一些化工厂漏气遭到的影响，我觉得我们应该尽量避免这些问题。

    The third，In the foreign cooperation，Especially energy cooperation，Must pay attention to protect the local environment，Not only mining，And don't protect local environment，Like in the gulf of Mexico and the bohai sea oil spill events，And India some chemical plant air leakage were influence，I think we should try to avoid these problems。

    同时，在国外开展合作的时候，要特别处理好劳工的关系，尊重当地有关劳工的要求。比如说我们在秘鲁开的铁矿，秘鲁工会集体谈判的力量是非常强的，所以我们必须处理好和当地的工会的关系，使得我们在国外的企业能够平稳的发展。

    At the same time，In foreign countries to carry out cooperation，To deal with the relationship between the special labor，Respect the local labor requirements。For example we in Peru open iron ore，Peru union collective bargaining power is very strong，So we must handle and local union relations，Make us in foreign enterprise can smooth development。

    当然，还有很多其他的建议，我想今天和昨天的讨论当中，很多嘉宾都提了很好的建议。最后我就强调一点，不管我们的企业在国内还是在国外，都要培养遵纪守法的意识、诚信的意识、责任的意识，要树立合作共赢的目标，致力于为当地的人民造福，为当地扩大就业、增加税收、促进生产的多元化，促进他们的出口，帮助人民脱贫，不能只顾眼前的利益，而损害当地人民的长远利益。这样才能使我们“走出去”的企业在国外能够建立起越来越牢固的基础，我们的路子也会越走越宽。

    Of course，There are many other Suggestions，I think today and yesterday was discussed，Many guests are raised very good advice。Finally I will emphasize a little，Regardless of our enterprise at home and abroad，To cultivate the consciousness of the law、Integrity of consciousness、Responsibility consciousness，To set up the goal of win-win cooperation，Is dedicated to the local people's benefit，For the local expand employment、To increase taxes、To promote the diversification of production，Promote their export，Help people out of poverty，Not only the interests of the eyes，And damage the long-term interests of the local people。This can make us“Go out”Enterprise in a foreign country can build up more and more solid foundation，Our path will also more walk more wide。