中国金融2012年第19期 China's financial 2012 period of 19

　　过去几十年特别是近十年来,我国金融业的专业化改革不断取得新的进展：金融功能更加完善，服务不断延伸，管理日益精细，从业人员素质明显提高。金融的专业化，适应并促进了社会分工，也促进了金融自身的发展。

The past few years, especially in the past ten years,China's financial industry specialization reform has made new progress:Financial function to be more perfect,Extending service,Management increasingly fine,Employees can obviously improve the quality.Financial professional,Adapt to and promote the social division of labor,Also promoted the development of finance itself.

　　金融的专业化，不同于传统体制框架内按部门的条块式分割，而是建立在市场化、商业化基础上多功能、多层次、多领域的发展。这种发展是基于社会分工和比较优势而产生的，是金融深化的体现，有利于更好配置资源和分散风险。

Financial professional,Different from the traditional system framework according to the department's stick type division,But based on the market/On the basis of commercial multi-function/multi-level/The development of many fields.This development is based on social division of labor and the comparative advantage and produce,Is the embodiment of the financial deepening,To better allocation of resources and the diversification of risk.

　　这些年来，我国通过一系列制度安排逐步形成了分业监管的金融管理体制，功能齐全的金融机构体系以及金融市场体系。在这一体系下，我国更新金融管理发展理念,积极借鉴国际金融业经验方法和技术,以开放促改革,以改革促发展,推动了我国金融体制和金融运行机制的历史性转变。人民银行作为中央银行日益成熟，在货币政策、金融稳定以及金融基础设施等方面，进行了一系列制度性和技术性变革，促进了中央银行制度的完善以及系统性体制转变。金融监管部门借鉴国际经验，建立了既符合国际公认规则又符合中国特色的专业化监管制度，维护了金融消费者、债权人、投资人的利益。各类金融市场主体适应政策环境和市场环境变化，主动改革，经营管理水平明显提高。实践证明，金融专业化管理符合特定发展阶段的实际情况。

Over the years,Through a series of institutional arrangements in China gradually formed the dividing of the supervision of financial management system,Complete functions of financial institution system and financial market system.In this system,Update our country financial management development concept,Actively learn from the international financial industry experience method and technology,To promote reform and opening up,To promote the development of the reform,It drives forward the country's financial system and financial operating mechanism of the historic transformation.People's bank as the central bank increasingly mature,In the monetary policy/Financial stability and the financial infrastructure and so on,A series of institutional and technological change,To promote the improvement of the system of the central bank and systematic system transformation.Financial regulators international experience for reference,Set up not only conforms to the international recognized regulations and to the Chinese characteristic professional supervision system,Maintain the financial consumers/creditors/The interests of investors.All kinds of financial market main body adapt to the policy environment and market environment change,Active reform,Obviously improve the management level.Practice has proved,Financial professional management to meet a certain development stage of the actual situation.

　　金融机构的专业化是金融专业化的突出表现。我国金融机构作为市场主体，适应竞争和产业发展需要，发挥自身禀赋和比较优势，不断强化专业化运作理念，积极拓展金融服务的深度和宽度，增强对细分市场和专业领域的服务能力，形成了一大批有特色、有市场的品牌。特别是最近几年，为满足专业化管理需要，金融机构改造传统管理模式，再造组织架构，构建了更加专业化经营管理体系以及垂直独立的风险管理体系。一些商业银行积极探索事业部制改革、利润中心改革，实现了业务专业化运行和管理。在改革发展中，我国金融机构通过系统规划，培养和组建从事市场营销、产品研发、后台管理的专业化团队，吸引国际高端人才；通过建设客户关系管理系统、管理信息系统以及风险控制系统等，提高了产品创新能力和专业化服务效率。

Financial institutions specialized is financial specialized outstanding performance.Our financial institutions as the market main body,To adapt to the competition and industrial development needs,Play their own endowment and comparative advantage,Continuously strengthen the professional operation concept,Actively expand the financial service depth and width,To develop the market segment and professional service capacity,Formed a large number of distinctive/Have the market brand.Especially in recent years,To meet the need of specialized management,Financial institutions to transform traditional management mode,Reengineering organizational structure,Constructing a more specialized operation management system as well as the vertical independent risk management system.Some commercial Banks actively explore business system reform/Profit center reform,Realize the specialization of business operation and management.In the reform and development,Our financial institutions through the system planning,Training and form engaged in marketing/Product development/Background management professional team,Attract international high-end talent;Through the construction of customer relationship management system/Management information system and risk control system, etc,Improve the product innovation ability and professional service efficiency.

　　金融市场更加多元化和专业化。目前，我国金融市场已经涵盖了信贷、资本、保险、外汇、黄金、期货等多个领域，满足了处于不同阶段、不同类型企业的融资需求和投资者不同的风险偏好。债券市场近年来实现了跨越式发展，已形成以银行间场外市场为主、交易所场内市场为辅，场内外市场并存、分工合作、互通互联的市场体系。股票市场的建设，从重点发展交易所主板市场，到稳步扩大中小企业板规模、积极推进创业板市场建设，市场层次和结构不断完善。多层次金融市场体系的发展，为促进产业结构调整、增进经济发展的内生动力提供了有力的支持。

Financial markets more diversification and specialization.At present,China's financial markets are already covered by the credit/capital/insurance/Foreign exchange/gold/Futures, and other fields,To meet the different stages in/Different types of enterprise financing demand and investors different risk preference.The bond market in recent years to realize the leaping type development,The bank has formed between otc market is given priority to/An ounce of prevention is worth a exchange market,ChangNaWai market coexist/Division of Labour cooperation/The Internet communication market system.The construction of the stock market,From the focus on the development of stock exchange main board market,To expand the scale of small and medium-sized enterprise board/Actively promote the gem market construction,Market the level and structure of continuous improvement.Multi-level financial market system development,To promote the adjustment of industrial structure/To improve the economic development of endogenous power provides a strong support.

　　金融专业化改革与市场化改革相辅相成。市场化改革为专业化改革提供了制度基础和前提条件，专业化改革则进一步促使市场化改革向广度和深度推进，有利于从总体上提高金融效率。实践证明，我国金融业的专业化改革有力助推了金融业的崛起，实现了金融业整体实力和服务水平的大幅提升，有效抵御了国际金融危机的冲击。

Financial professional reform and marketization reform supplement each other.Marketization reform for specialization reform provides the system foundation and premise condition,Specialization is to further reform of marketization reform to the breadth and depth propulsion,Benefit from the overall improve financial efficiency.Practice has proved,The reform of China's financial industry specialization powerful boost the rise of the financial industry,The financial industry to realize overall strength and service level increases,Effective against the impact of the international financial crisis.

　　当前，我国社会主义市场经济体制改革进入全面攻坚阶段，金融业发展面临新的严峻挑战。未来的专业化改革依然任重道远，一方面，金融体系的专业化程度有待深化，另一方面，专业化基础上的综合化趋势不容忽视。在新的环境下，需要创新体制机制，进一步完善金融中介体系，推动金融管理体系、金融机构体系以及金融市场体系的改革和转型，推动金融分工与合作的纵深发展，激发各类金融主体的活力，不断为金融业持续健康快速发展注入不竭动力。

The current,Our country socialist market economy system reform into comprehensive stage of storming fortifications,The development of the financial industry is facing new challenges.The future of professional reform still shoulder heavy responsibilities,On the one hand,The financial system needs to be deepened the degree of specialization,On the other hand,On the basis of professional integration trend nots allow to ignore.In the new environment,The need for innovation system mechanism,To further improve financial intermediation system,To promote the financial management system/Financial institution system and financial market system reform and transformation,Financial division of labor and cooperation to promote the further development,Arouse the vitality of all kinds of financial subject,Continue to the financial industry continuous, healthy and quick development into the inexhaustible motive force.