影子银行，又称为影子金融体系或者影子银行系统（Shadow Banking system)，是指在金融市场中把银行贷款证券化，通过证券市场获得资金或进行信贷无限扩张的一种融资方式。在中国则表现为银信合作理财、地下钱庄、小额贷款公司、典当行、民间金融、私募投资、对冲基金等非银行金融机构贷款。这种融资方式把传统的银行信贷关系演变为隐藏在证券化中的信贷关系。

Shadow Banks,Also called shadow financial system or the shadow banking system(Shadow Banking system),It is to point to in the financial market in the bank loan securitization,Through the securities market receive money or credit infinite expansion of a kind of financing way.In China is behaved for such financial cooperation/underground/Petty loan company/pawnshop/Folk financial/Private investment/Hedge funds non-bank financial institution loans.This kind of financing way traditional bank credit relationship evolution for hidden in the securitization of credit relationship.

　　中国央行行长周小川日前表示，“在中国，绝大多数非银行金融机构的金融活动多数都处在监管之下。”

China's central bank governor zhou xiaochuan said on Monday,"In China,The vast majority of non-bank financial institutions of financial activities most are in custody."

　　⊙记者 朱周良 ○编辑 梁伟

⊙ reporter ZhuZhou good ○ LiangWei editor

　　一股新的“大到不能倒”的金融势力正在悄然形成——影子银行。

A new"To can't fall"Financial forces are quietly formed - shadow Banks.

　　全球金融监管组织——金融稳定委员会（FSB）日前发布最新报告，就加强监管规模已高达67万亿美元的“影子银行”行业提出建议。FSB由各国监管机构主管和央行行长构成，在2011年的G20峰会上，各国要求FSB制定方案，防止传统银行通过“影子银行”渠道来绕过旨在提高银行安全性的监管。

Global financial supervision organization, the financial stability committee(FSB)To released the new report,Will strengthen supervision scale has as much as $67 trillion"Shadow Banks"Industry put forward the proposal.FSB by the competent national regulators and central bankers composition,In the 2011 years of G20 summit,Each country requirement FSB make plan,To prevent the traditional bank through the"Shadow Banks"Channel to bypass to improve the security of bank supervision.

　　根据上述FSB报告，影子银行的规模近年来迅速膨胀，截至2011年，全球影子银行的规模较2002年增长了41万亿美元。如此庞大的规模，使得监管者不得不对这一相对的“灰色地带”提起足够的重视。

According to the above FSB report,The size of the shadow Banks in recent years rapid expansion,By the end of 2011,Global shadow bank scale is 2002 grew by $41 trillion.Such a large scale,Regulators have to make this a relative"Gray area"Mention enough attention.

　　据介绍，影子银行包括所有不是银行、保险公司或养老基金的私有金融机构，并广泛涉及货币市场基金以及各种表外投资工具的金融活动。

According to introducing,Shadow Banks including all not bank/The insurance company or pension fund private financial institutions,And widely involved in money market funds and various off-balance-sheet investment tools of financial activities.

　　尽管影子银行被认为给实体经济提供了必要的信贷补充支持，但FSB警告说，这一行业的规模之大，已足以“造成系统风险”。因此，“有必要针对影子银行系统出台适当的监督和监管框架，以缓解风险的积聚。”

Although the shadow Banks were seen to the entity economy provided the necessary credit supplement support,But the FSB warned,The industry's scale,Already enough to"Cause systemic risk".therefore,"Necessary for the shadow banking system issued appropriate supervision and regulatory framework,To alleviate the risk of accumulation."

　　参与牵头发起上述影子银行监管项目的英国金融服务监管局主席特纳指出，全球急需建立起完善的监管体系，以防影子银行在2015或2020年制造出新的全球金融危机。

Participate in lead launch the shadow banking supervision project of Britain's financial services regulatory bureau chairman Turner points out,Global need set up perfect supervision system,In case the shadow Banks in 2015 or 2020 to make a new global financial crisis.

　　新的监管体系将针对影子银行任何类似于银行的操作，比如利用短期资产为长期放贷融资，以及为这类非银行机构设定全球资本和流动性标准。

The new supervision system for shadow Banks will be any similar to the operation of the bank,For instance use short-term assets for long-term lending financing,And for this kind of non-banking institutions set the global capital and liquidity standards.

　　此外，新的监管计划还包括为资产证券化和短期放贷在内的各种行为制定规则，并为全球监管机构制定如何界定高风险金融活动的指导方针。

In addition,New regulatory plan also includes for asset securitization and short-term lending, all kinds of behavior rules,And for the global regulatory agency to develop how to define the high-risk financial activity guidelines.