政策不明，模式不清，温州金融综合改革效果不彰。

Policy unknown,Mode is not clear,Wenzhou financial comprehensive reform ineffective.

　　《金融世界》记者 孙弢／文

[Financial world]Reporter SunTao/wen

　　2012年3月28日，国务院总理温家宝主持召开国务院常务会议，决定设立温州市金融综合改革试验区，批准实施《浙江省温州市金融综合改革试验区总体方案》，并确定了温州金融综合改革十二项主要任务（下称“十二条”）。

In March 2012, and day,The state council premier wen jiabao presided the state council executive meeting,Decide to establish a wenzhou financial comprehensive reform pilot area,For approval[Zhejiang wenzhou financial comprehensive reform pilot area overall scheme],To determine the wenzhou financial comprehensive reform 12 main task(Hereinafter referred to as"Article 12").

　　一时间，温州成为举国瞩目之地，人们不止希望改革能够化解温州的危机，更希望通过温州金改，探索出一条全国金融的改革模式。

time,Wenzhou has become a country of attention,People more than hope reform can solve the crisis of wenzhou,More hope that through wenzhou gold change,Find a national financial reform mode.

　　很快，金融改革与创新的消息便接二连三从温州传出，内容几乎涉及“十二条”提出的各个领域。

soon,Financial reform and innovation and the news of a barrage of re-understanding from wenzhou,Content in almost"Article 12"Each field is put forward.

　　然而，随着时间的推移，人们逐渐由振奋转为失望，因为“进展缓慢、有始无终”几乎成了各项“金改新政”的共同标签。

however,With the passage of time,People gradually by up to down,because"Progress will be slow/Begin well but end badly"Almost became the"Gold to the New Deal"Common label.

　　“今年融资比去年还要难，而且也没有见到融资成本降低多少。”温州方兴担保公司董事长方培林表示。

"This year than last year financing more difficult,And there is no see how much financing cost reduction."Wenzhou FangXing guarantee company chairman of the board of directors FangPeiLin said.

　　“没有实质性的突破，对陷入困境的大量中小企业而言，没有感受到金改带来的变化。”温州中小企业发展促进会会长周德文这样评价。

"No substantive breakthrough,To mess up a large number of small and medium-sized businesses,Don't feel gold to bring change."Wenzhou small and medium-sized enterprise development promotion association President ZhouDeWen such evaluation.

　　一些受访人士认为，金改之所以进展缓慢，原因在于关键环节的改革细则迟迟不能出台。

Some people think of,Gold change is slow,The reason is that the reform of the key rules can't come.

　　直到2012年11月23日，备受期待的《浙江省温州市金融综合改革试验区实施方案》（下称“《实施方案》”）才正式对外公布。而此时，距离“十二条”出台已经过去8个月有余。

Until November 23, 2012,Is looking forward to[Zhejiang wenzhou financial comprehensive reform pilot implementation plan](Hereinafter referred to as"[Implementation plan]")To officially announced.the,distance"Article 12"Come have in the past eight months to spare.

　　即便如此，“和之前的预期相比，《实施方案》在民资筹建、参股金融机构等改革方面依然没有太大突破。”周德文指出，《实施方案》并没有在多大程度上提升“十二条”的可操作性。

Even so,"Compared with the previous expected,[Implementation plan]What in the/Participation in the reform of financial institutions is still not too big breakthrough."ZhouDeWen pointed out that,[Implementation plan]To what extent did not improve"Article 12"maneuverability.

　　与此同时，对于“十二条”所涉及的金改内容，业内也存在着诸多质疑。

meanwhile,for"Article 12"Involved in the change of gold content,The industry, there are also many question.

　　“金改并没有切中问题的要害。”中国社会科学院金融研究所金融市场研究室主任杨涛表示，“核心目标模糊，使改革路径变得分散，难以集中政策资源来做好最重要的民间金融创新问题。”

"Gold did not change the key."The Chinese academy of social sciences financial research institute financial market research director Yang tao said,"Core target fuzzy,Make reform path become dispersion,Difficult to focus policy resources to do the most important folk financial innovation problems."

　　杨涛认为，“十二条”中，多数是对已经存在的金融政策思路的重新描述，还有部分对于未来金融改革方向的描述。真正具有金融创新意义的，是“鼓励和支持民间资金参与地方金融机构改革”，“制定规范民间融资的管理办法，建立民间融资备案管理制度，建立健全民间融资监测体系”，和“研究开展个人境外投资试点，探索建立规范便捷的直接投资渠道”三个方面。

Yang tao think,"Article 12"in,Most is the existing financial policy thinking to describe,And for the future direction of financial reform of the description.Really has the meaning of financial innovation,is"To encourage and support the folk capital to participate in the local financial institution reform","Formulate standard folk financing management measures,Establish record folk financing management system,Establish and perfect the folk financing monitoring system",and"Research in the overseas investment of personal pilot,Explore to establish a standardized convenient direct investment channels"Three aspects.

　　而这三个方面，进展情况到底如何呢？

And these three aspects,How the progress?

　　银行遭遇改革障碍

The bank reform encounters obstacles

　　“我们再次向金融机构进军的时机到了。”金改试验区获批当天，在与业界同仁的一场饭局上喝得有些“高”的温州人杨嘉兴举杯倡议道。

"Once again we march to financial institutions in due time."Gold change approved test day,With industry colleagues in a dinner party on drank some"high"The wenzhou people to YangJiaXing initiative way.

　　在创办的第一家民营银行被“收编”后即淡出金融界的杨嘉兴，再一次燃起了创办一家民资银行的希望。短短5天，杨嘉兴就召集了几十家有意愿的认股方，认购总额达到了8.75亿股。

Founded in the first a private bank is"incorporated"After the financial YangJiaXing is out,Once again, with the hope of creating a what bank.Just five days,YangJiaXing called dozens of interested subscription party,Subscribe amounted to 875 million strands.

　　然而，令他始料未及的是，他提交的《温州农业发展银行设立申请书》却在上报四天后被当地金融主管部门拒绝了。“他们给我打电话说：‘杨嘉兴你不要瞎折腾了，国务院的文件是鼓励引导民间资本进银行业，而不是鼓励民间资本去办银行’。”

however,To his unexpected is,He submitted[Wenzhou agricultural development bank establishment requisition]But four days later in the report by the local financial departments refused."They called me and said:‘YangJiaXing you don't messing about,The state council document is to encourage guide private capital into the banking industry,Not encourage private capital to do bank’."

　　“十二条”中不是明白写着‘鼓励民资依法发起设立或参股村镇银行’吗？”对于有关部门的解释，杨嘉兴感觉有些“说不通”。

"Article 12"Not understand in written‘Encourage what was established according to law or equity town bank’??"For the relevant departments explanation,YangJiaXing feel some"Make any sense".

　　对此，温州银监局有关负责人透露，“关于民间资本是否可以作为主发起人，和现行的银监会的政策有一定抵触。”

this,Wenzhou silver inspect bureau officials said,"About the folk capital whether it can be as the main sponsors,And the current banking regulatory commission policy have conflict."

　　“没有明确允许民间资本筹建民营银行，这是一大遗憾。”周德文在接受记者采访时直言，早在2010年国务院发布的《关于鼓励和引导民间投资健康发展的若干意见》（“新36条”）中，就有允许民间资本兴办金融机构的类似规定，但“新36条”的实施细则一直没有出台，民间资本进入金融领域的步伐一直很艰辛。

"No clear allowed private capital to construct the private bank,This is a big regret."ZhouDeWen when accepting a reporter to interview the truth,As early as in 2010 promulgated by the state council[About encourage and guide the healthy development of the private investment in some opinions]("Article 36 new")in,Have allowed private capital by financial institutions similar provisions,but"Article 36 new"The detailed rules for the implementation of the has not been issued,Private capital into the pace of the financial sector has been very hard.

　　与此同时，“十二条”中明确写明的“符合条件的小额贷款公司可改制为村镇银行”一条也在实施中困难重重。

meanwhile,"Article 12"Clearly stated"Meet the conditions of the small loan companies can be reorganized into a town bank"A is also in the implementation difficulties.

　　“小贷公司转村镇银行的积极性不高。截至目前，温州市有30家小贷公司，注册资本接近80亿元，正在筹建的有22家。但只有2家小贷公司（苍南联信和乐清正泰）提交了转制申请。”安信证券发布的一份研报显示，小贷公司大多不愿意，原因是转型后会受到较多的监管。

"Small loan companies turn town bank's enthusiasm is not high.So far,Wenzhou have 30 small loan companies,The registered capital of nearly 8 billion yuan RMB,Is the preparation of 22 home.But only 2 small loan companies(Cangnan federal and yueqing chengtai)Submit the application for conversion."Anxi securities issued a research report shows,Small loan companies are not willing to,The reason is after the transformation will be more supervision.

　　“事实上，主要的难点还在政策。”鹿城区一位小贷公司负责人在接受记者采访时透露，现有的政策实际上为民资进入金融领域设置了障碍。

"In fact,The main difficulties in policy."Lucheng district a small loan company controller when accepting a reporter to interview revealed,The existing policy actually what into the financial sector set obstacles.

　　比如，按照《村镇银行管理暂行规定》，发起人或出资人中应至少有一家银行业金融机构。而“十二条”虽然指出，有条件的小额贷款公司可转为村镇银行，但对于具体何种条件能转制，却并未明确说明。

Such as,According to the[Town bank management interim provisions],The originator or contributor should at least have a banking financial institution.and"Article 12"Although pointed out that,Conditional small loan companies can into town bank,But for specific what conditions can conversion,Is not specified.

　　“如果按照《村镇银行管理暂行规定》，小额贷款公司转村镇银行又前景渺茫。”前述小贷公司负责人表示。

"If, in accordance with the[Town bank management interim provisions],Small loan companies turn village bank and prospect."The small credit company officials said.

　　据接近温州金融办方面的知情人士透露，苍南联信和乐清正泰转升村镇银行后都会有银行机构参股。“在转为村镇银行的过程中，小贷公司的主要股东如作为主发起人，与银监会的现行规定不符，因此，需要引入商业银行充当主发起人角色。”

According to the close to wenzhou financial do informed sources,Cangnan federal and yueqing chengtai turn up town after the bank will have a banking institutions participation."In the process of villages and towns to the bank,Small loan company's major shareholders as as the main sponsors,And in conformity with the provisions of the banking regulatory commission (CBRC),so,Need to introduce commercial Banks as the main role."

　　“在参股比例方面，我们单方面希望银行占股33%，我们占股67%，但还没最后确定。最终的持股比例，要与银行协商一致，并最终报银监会审批。”苍南联信总经理朱建良表示。

"In equity participation in proportion,We hope that the bank accounts for 33% of the shares unilaterally,We accounted for 67% of the shares,But haven't finalized.The shareholding ratio,With the bank through consultation,And finally to the CBRC for examination and approval."Cangnan federal ZhuJianLiang general manager said.

　　而乐清正泰的转制方案则仍在商讨之中。

And yueqing chengtai factory.the scheme is still in being negotiated.

　　对于这种转制模式，多家受访小贷公司负责人表示不甚满意。“我们一手养大的公司，却在转为村镇银行后失去了主导权。”

For this kind of transformation model,Several of small credit company officials say not very satisfied."We have a big company,But in the village after the bank to issue lost."

　　由于现行法规对于究竟是小贷公司还是银行作为主发起人的僵持，使得小贷公司转村镇银行一事迟迟没有进展。

As a result of the present regulations on what is a small loan company or bank as the main sponsors of the stalemate,Make small credit company turned the village bank was no progress.

　　事实上，对于小贷公司转制成为商业银行，业界也一直存在不同的声音。

In fact,For small loan companies become the conversion of the commercial Banks,The industry has always been different voice.

　　“对于民间资本来说，小贷公司是不错的出路，而且小贷公司本就在民间发挥积极作用。比如，全国有5000多家小贷公司，已经放贷5000多亿元，且没有什么明显的风险问题。”周德文认为，至于政府层面，应对小贷公司进行松绑，放宽其经营权力及经营范围。甚至，对于经营不错的小贷公司，应给予鼓励，这对于民间资本的积累也有益处。

"The folk capital to it,Small loan company is a good way,And small credit the company will play a positive role in the folk.Such as,The company has more than 5000 small loans,Loans has more than 5000 yuan,And no significant increase in the risk of the problem."ZhouDeWen think,As for the government level,Deal with small credit company for relax,Relax its business power and scope of business.even,In business good small loan companies,Should be encouraged,The folk capital accumulation is also good.

　　全国人大财经委副主任委员吴晓灵此前也曾表示，“村镇银行并非小贷公司出路所在，而应发展为金融公司。”

The National People's Congress vice director of CaiJingWei WuXiaoLing previously had said,"Town bank is not small loan companies in a way out,And should be developed for financial firms."

　　耐人寻味的是，2012年11月23日，《实施方案》出台当天，温州市银监局方面首次松口对外透露说：“正在就双主发起人制度进行有效性评估和可行性研究。”

Intriguing is,As of November 23, 2012,[Implementation plan]Issued the day,Wenzhou silver inspect bureau held on for the first time in foreign revealed:"Is double main promoter system effectiveness evaluation and feasibility study."

　　境外直投“只闻楼梯响”

For foreign direct"Only smell stair ring"

　　“十二条”明确提出：“研究开展个人境外直接投资试点”，这意味温州金改最具创新意义的境外直投试点获准进入“尝试开展”阶段。

"Article 12"Put forward:"The foreign direct investment in the individual pilot",This means wenzhou gold to the most innovative pilot were allowed to enter the overseas straight shots"Try to carry out"stage.

　　事实上，境外直接投资试点不但可以为温州的民间资金打开一个新的出口，更被看成是“中国资本项目放开的重要一步”。

In fact,Foreign direct investment pilot can not only for the wenzhou folk capital to open a new export,More is seen as a"China's capital project is an important step in the open".

　　海通证券(600837,股吧)首席经济学家李迅雷亦认为，个人境外直接投资可减轻中国对外资产和负债结构失衡的现状。“渠道比‘池子’更有作用。”他认为，提高存款准备金率就是建“池子”，但如果“池子”的资金越来越多，也是个问题，3万亿外汇储备就要相应增加23万亿的人民币储备，这在国内就形成了通货膨胀。“不如开渠放水，释放出去。”

Haitong securities(600837,guba)Chief economist LiXunLei also think,Individual foreign direct investment can reduce China's foreign assets and liabilities structure unbalanced situation."Channel than‘pool’More useful."He thinks,Improve the deposit reserve rate is built"pool",But if"pool"More and more money,Is also a problem,3 trillion foreign currency reserves will increase 23 trillion yuan reserves,In the home is to form the inflation."As channelization drain,Release out."

　　试验区获批第二天，作为直投试点之一的温州民间资本投资服务中心内已是车水马龙，挤满了前来寻找境外投资项目的温州商人。

Test site approved the second day,As one of the pilot straight investment wenzhou folk capital investment service center in is heavy traffic,Packed with overseas investment projects to look for the wenzhou businessmen.

　　事实上，个人境外直投的动议并非始于金改。“早在四年前，温州已开始酝酿个人直接投资试点。当时的背景是，温州企业境外直接投资和个人外汇收支双向增长，而欧美经济的萎靡不振更为温州企业海外收购兼并提供了绝佳时机。” 浙江大学社会科学学部主任史晋川介绍说。

In fact,Individual foreign direct put motion is not began to gold."As early as four years ago,Wenzhou has started to ferment personal direct investment pilot.The background is,Wenzhou enterprise overseas direct investment and personal foreign exchange payments two-way growth,And Europe and the United States economic slump in more wenzhou enterprise overseas merger and acquisition provides a good opportunity." Zhejiang university social science division director ShiJinChuan said.

　　2011年1月，温州市商务局在其官方网站正式发布《温州市个人境外直接投资试点方案》。方案明确，凡是18周岁以上、具有完全民事行为能力、拥有温州户籍的个人，都有资格提出境外直接投资申请。

In January 2011,Wenzhou city business bureau in its official website officially released[Wenzhou individual foreign direct investment pilot scheme].Plan clearly,Eighteen years old and above all/With full capacity for civil conduct/Have the registered permanent residence of wenzhou individual,Has the qualification to apply for foreign direct investment is put forward.

　　在额度上，该方案限定在试点期间，个人境外直接投资的年度总额不超过2亿美元、单次不超过300万美元。如果是多个投资者共同实施一项境外直接投资的，投资总额不超过等值1000万美元。

In the line,The scheme within trial period,Individual foreign direct investment total annual no more than $200 million/Single not more than $3 million.If it is more investors to implement a foreign direct investment,The total amount of investment not more than the equivalent of 10 million us dollars.

　　然而，由于未获得国家外汇管理局批准，不到半年，试点工作即被迫叫停。

however,Because have not obtained the approval of the state administration of foreign exchange,Less than half a year,Pilot work is forced to stop.

　　“有很多人来咨询，也有很多报送材料，已经被送交到有关部门，但迟迟没有批复。国外的投资项目不会等一年，而在没有明确批复的情况下，投资人想去谈判也无法进行。”温州市商务局局长苏向青表示。

"There are many people who come to counseling,Also have a lot of the material,Has been received by the relevant departments,But can not reply.Foreign investment projects will not wait for a year,And there is no clear under the condition of the reply,Investors want to negotiations also unable to."Wenzhou city business bureau chief Sue to green said.

　　时隔一年，乘借金改的“东风”，喊了四年之久的个人境外投资试点终于获批。

After a year,By borrow gold change"dongfeng",Shout for four years of personal overseas investment pilot finally approved.

　　对外经济贸易大学金融学院院长丁志杰认为，过去，我国外汇管理体制的特点是宽进严出，对非居民相对宽松，而对居民相对较严。为了纠正这种不对称性，放松资本管制应以满足境内机构、企业和个人等居民正常合理的跨境资本流动需求为主。温州个人境外直接投资试点体现了这一导向，有助于实现大体平衡、双向的跨境资本流动格局。

Foreign economic and trade university financial, dean of the college of DingZhiJie think,In the past,China's foreign exchange management system characteristic is wide into severe out,Non-resident relatively loose,And on the residents' relatively strict.In order to correct this asymmetry,Relaxing capital controls should be to meet the domestic organizations/Enterprise, the individual and other residents of the normal and reasonable demands cross-border capital flows.Wenzhou individual foreign direct investment pilot reflect this guide,Help to realize general equilibrium/Two-way cross-border capital flow pattern.

　　然而，在国务院常务会议通过的决议中，关于境外直投试点的相关表述仅为“研究开展”，而备受关注的方案实施细则在经过半年多的研究设计阶段之后，尚未正式对外公布。

however,In the state council executive meeting of the resolution passed by the,About overseas straight investment pilot related statement is only"Research carried out",And the detailed rules for the implementation of the scheme of concern after a little more than half a year after the study design stage,Has not yet officially announced.

　　“温州目前准备的细则，与一年前几乎没有区别，但最终开展个人境外直投的金额、项目等具体限定会是多少，仍然要等待结果。”苏向青说，温州市方面曾多次上交方案，但实施细则始终未能出台。

"Wenzhou are preparing the rules,And almost no difference between a year ago,But in the end, to carry out individual overseas straight investment amount/Project specific limit how much will be,Still have to wait for the results."Sue to green said,Wenzhou had many times in solution,But the detailed rules for the implementation has not been issued.

　　为此，记者辗转联系到浙江省商务厅的相关负责人，对方回应称，与此前的尝试不同，温州金改从多个领域“放活”的民间资本，是否会因为这条途径“出海”快捷而加大风险，各方观点不一、争议较大。

therefore,Reporter toss linked to the relevant person in charge of the business hall of zhejiang province,Response said,And previous try different,Wenzhou gold changed from the fields"agriculture-related"Folk capital,Whether because of this approach"sea"Quick and increase the risk,Parties disagree with each other/Dispute is bigger.

　　记者了解到，一项较为集中的担忧在于，投资便利化是否会带来巨额资本外流？

The reporter understands,A relatively concentrated concern is that,Investment facilitation will bring huge capital outflow?

　　“尽管目前只是计划在温州开放境外直投，但是也有可能全国的资金都通过这个出口向境外进行直投，流向境外的数量可能比预想的要多。”财经评论员叶檀指出。

"Although at present only plan in wenzhou open overseas straight investment,But it's also a possibility that the funds through the export to overseas direct cast,To the number of overseas may be more than expected."Financial commentators leaf wingceltis pointed out.

　　“有争议认为，目前仅有温州独享境外投资特权，难免会形成漏斗效应，各地欲出境的钱都涌入温州，导致风险激增。”苏向青透露。

"Be argued that the,At present only its wenzhou overseas investment privileges,Hard to avoid can form funnel effect,All the money to exit in wenzhou,Lead to surge in risk."Sue to green revealed.

　　但也有一些专家认为，类似的担忧大可不必。

But there are also some experts say,Similar concerns don't need to.

　　浙江大学经济学院教授黄先海认为，尽管中国经济目前面临增速放缓的现实，但国外投资环境并不一定比国内好，对于资本外流不必过于担忧，但必须严格加强对投资的审批监管。

Zhejiang university school of economics professor HuangXian sea think,Although China's economy is facing the reality of the growth is slowing,But foreign investment environment is not necessarily good than China,For capital outflows don't need to worry,But must be strictly to strengthen supervision of the investment approval.

　　国家发改委对外经济研究所所长张燕生认为，过去，国内对资本的管制是宽进严出，最担心的是资本外逃，因为对外投资流出的资本是对GDP的减量。但从中国目前的资本负债状况来看，在3万亿美元的外汇储备下，对个人的对外直投就只会放得更宽。

The national development and reform commission of foreign economic research institute ZhangYanSheng think,In the past,Domestic capital control is wide into severe out,The most worried about the flight of capital,For foreign investment outflow of capital is the reduction of GDP.But from China's current capital debt situation,Of the $3 trillion under the foreign currency reserves,For individual foreign direct throw only put more wide.

　　面对各方建议，前述浙江商务厅负责人回应称：“从现在的预期来看，更需要关注的是个人境外投资所面临的风险，即将正式对外公布境外直投实施细则将在最终直投允许的规模、总量与投资领域方面做出具体的规定。”

In the face of all Suggestions,The zhejiang business hall in response to say:"From now expected to see,Need more attention is facing the risk of overseas investment,Will be officially announced the detailed rules for the implementation of overseas straight investment will be in the final straight investment allowed scale/Total amount and investment field to make specific provision."

　　“阳光化”步履维艰

"The sun change"Dot and carry one

　　温州的民间资金总量究竟有多少？迄今官方并无权威统计。在采访中，记者听到了多个统计版本，其中，可信度较高的一个版本是6000~8000亿元，且每年以14%的速度递增。

Wenzhou folk capital amount how much?So far there is no authority official statistics.In the interview,Reporter heard the multiple statistical version,the,High reliability of a version is 6000 ~ 800 billion yuan,And every year by increasing at the rate of 14%.

　　如此巨量的资金藏身民间无疑是把双刃剑。在史晋川看来，民间资金如得不到合理引导，必然会形成鱼龙混杂的局面。肇始于2011年下半年的“跑路潮”便是佐证。

Such a huge amount of money to hide the folk is undoubtedly a double-edged sword.In ShiJinChuan seems,The folk capital such as not guide rational,Will form confused situation.Began in 2011 in the second half of the year"Run road tide"Is evidence.

　　由此，如何引导暗流涌动的民间资金走出灰色地带，使之阳光化、规范化，从某种意义上说，成了温州金改的突破口。

this,How to guide the undercurrent of folk capital out of the gray area,Make sunshine change/standardization,In a sense,Wenzhou gold become the breach of the change.

　　2012年4月26日，位于温州市鹿城区东明路的温州民间借贷登记服务中心（下称“登记中心”）正式挂牌运营，这是温州第一家民间借贷登记服务中心。

On April 26, 2012,Is located in wenzhou lucheng east road of the wenzhou private lending registration service center(Hereinafter referred to as"Registration center")Formally operation,This is the first company in wenzhou private lending registration service center.

　　据登记中心总经理徐智潜介绍，中心以公司化形式运营，由14家法人、8个自然人投资设立，“成立的初衷是为民间借贷双方提供安全、可靠的平台，通过提供人民银行征信系统的信用查询、格式合同文本，以及中介机构、法律等方面的专业支持，最大限度降低民间借贷的风险。”

According to the registration center general manager XuZhiQian is introduced,Center to form of company operations,By 14 home legal person/Eight natural person investment to set up,"The original intention is established for the folk lending to provide security/Reliable platform,The people's bank reference system by providing credit inquiry/Format contract,And intermediary organizations/Legal professional support,To minimize the risk of folk loan."

　　目前，已有9家对接借贷融资业务的中介机构免费入驻，包括银行、保险公司、律师事务所、公证处、评估中心等。据了解，民间借贷双方的信息在中心汇总后，入驻的机构就会为他们撮合“结对”，并提供第三方鉴证、资信评价，以及法律、保险等配套服务，最终完成借贷行为，并在服务中心登记备案。

At present,For nine butt lending financing intermediaries in free,Including Banks/Insurance company/Law firm/Notary office/Assessment center, etc.It is understood,Folk lending the information in the center after the summary,From all kinds of institutions will bring together for them"The custom of",And to provide third-party verification/Credit evaluation,And legal/Insurance and other supporting services,Final lending practices,And in the service center for registration.

　　“地方金融监管服务中心会对各方行为进行监督管理，但不能直接接触资金和大包大揽。”据徐智潜透露，目前，通过登记中心达成的借贷主流月息水平在1分2到1分5之间，远低于担保公司或小贷公司。

"Local financial supervision service center for all parties conduct supervision and management,But can't direct contact with the money and take on all things."According to XuZhiQian revealed,At present,Through the registration center a lending mainstream monthly interest level in 1 minute 2 to 1 points between 5,Far below guarantee company or small loan companies.

　　而早在登记中心挂牌运营前两个月，温州第一家民间资本管理公司——瓯海信通股份有限公司已试营业多时。

And early in the registration center listed in the first two months of operation,Wenzhou first a folk capital management company, ouhai XinTong co., LTD. Has soft opening it.

　　“公司的主营业务是投资，以公司私募的形式，募集资金，规范民资和实业的资金流传渠道，所有资金往来均由政府进行全程监管。”瓯海信通总经理助理孙啸翔向记者介绍说，依照温州市金融办下发的通知，民间资本管理中心不吸储、不放贷，只能通过资本的项目投资实现资本增值。

"The company's main business is to invest,In the form of private companies,To raise funds,What was the standard and industrial capital spread channel,All funds all by the government for the whole supervision."Assistant to the general manager SunXiaoXiang ouhai XinTong introduces to the reporter said,In accordance with the notice issued by wenzhou financial do,The folk capital management center not XiChu/Don't lend,Only through the capital investment projects to realize capital appreciation.

　　孙啸翔在电话中连用了三个“阳光化”来概括民间资本管理中心的特点：“资金来源阳光化、用途阳光化、收益阳光化。”

SunXiaoXiang on phone construe the three"The sun change"To summarize the characteristics of folk capital management center:"Capital source sunshine change/Use the sun change/Income sunshine change."

　　温州市金融办提供的相关统计数据显示，截至目前，温州市辖区内先后有3家民间资本管理公司挂牌开业，全国首创的温州民间借贷登记服务中心开业5个月来，共借出登记1244笔，金额9.4亿元。

Wenzhou financial do provide related statistical data display,So far,Within the jurisdiction of wenzhou, there have been three folk capital management company listed opening,The first of the wenzhou private lending registration service center opened 5 months,A total of 1244 pen loan registration,Amount of 940 million yuan.

　　尽管开局红火，但由于没有成熟的管理和运营办法，随着介入程度的不断加深，曾经信心满满的两家试点企业的负责人心中开始翻涌着巨大的问号。

Although is the start,But since there is no mature management and operation method,With the deepening of degree of intervention,Once full of confidence on two pilot enterprises in heart began to surge up a huge question mark.

　　数据显示，目前，温州市民间借贷登记中心仅促成了16笔、3731万元的成交。“平均两三天才会有一笔成交。”徐智潜认为，“温州危机过后，民众对于借款风险的把控极为严格，不太愿意轻易向外借钱。”

Data display,At present,Wenzhou folk lending registration center to only 16 pen/37.31 million yuan to clinch a deal."An average of two or three genius will have a deal."XuZhiQian think,"Wenzhou after the crisis,People for the loan risk control is very strict,Reluctant to easily to borrowed money."

　　然而，记者多方了解到，实际情况并非如此。“真实的原因是，很多企业不愿意公开资金状况。作为借贷方的中小微企业，如果要来这里登记借款，相当于把企业的财务状况曝光。”一位不愿透露姓名的参与试点工作的知情人士告诉记者，“温州很多出现财务危机的中小企业，即使政府有资助资金都不敢用，就是怕被银行知道之后被列为关注对象，断了今后从银行贷款的路。”

however,The reporter learned,That was not the case."The real reason is,A lot of enterprise is not willing to public finances.As lenders by some of the small and medium-sized micro enterprise,If you want to come here to registration borrowing,The equivalent of the financial situation of enterprises exposure."One does not wish to disclose the name to participate in the pilot work of the people familiar with the matter told reporters,"Wenzhou a lot of small and medium-sized enterprises in the financial crisis,Even if the government has the funds can't use,Is afraid to be bank after know is listed as concern,Broken in the future the way from bank loans."

　　而作为放贷方的个人，如果去登记了，就等于公开了自己的利息收入。“放贷人大多害怕露富，而且一旦有利息收入，根据国家法律，就要缴纳个人所得税。”前述人士表示。

As a lending side of the individual,If you go to the registration,Is to open his own interest income."FangDaiRen most afraid show one's riches,And once have interest income,According to the national laws,Shall pay individual income tax."Say the.

　　“如果没有给放贷人保障，又没有给借款人贴息，大家为什么来这里登记呢？依靠这种登记的模式实现民间资金‘阳光化’，完全操作不起来。”方培林指出。

"If did not give FangDaiRen security,And don't give discount to the borrower,Why did you come here to register?Rely on the registration of the model to achieve the folk capital‘The sun change’,Complete operation can't get up."FangPeiLin pointed out that.

　　“登记中心既不是政府部门，也不是事业单位，不提供任何担保，一旦借贷出现违约，也不承担责任。哪来的公信力？”杨嘉兴的质疑更为直接。

"Registration center is neither government departments,Also not institutions,Does not provide any guarantee,Once the loan defaults,Don't assume responsibility.Which come of credibility?"YangJiaXing more direct questions.

　　民间资产管理公司也面临类似的发展模式困惑。根据金融办的要求：对单一投资对象的投资总额不超过总资本净额的5%，换句话说，就是投资款每笔不得超过500万元。

Folk asset management company faces a similar development mode confusion.According to the requirements of financial services office:For a single investment object of the total amount of investment is no more than 5% of the total net capital,In other words,Is TouZiKuan each shall not be more than 5 million yuan.

　　在瓯海信通一位不愿透露姓名的大股东看来，长此以往，瓯海可能陷入两难境地。“如果做实业投资，500万元一笔的投资额度，那么，一亿元的金额需要20笔投资才能投完，这需要很大的精力，人力成本和财务成本比较高；如果以入股的方式进行投资，由于目前温州中小企业股份制改造还够充分，风险比较大。”该人士表示。

In ouhai XinTong who refused to give his name seems to big shareholders,In the long run,Ouhai may fall into dilemma."If industrial investment,5 million yuan a sum of investment,so,The amount of one hundred million yuan and investment need to throw out,It takes a lot of energy,The human cost and financial cost is higher;If to become a shareholder approach to investing,Owing to the wenzhou small and medium-sized enterprise shareholding system reform is quite sufficient,Risk is bigger."The people said.

　　他认为，如果能确定对方把资金投资到实业后，双方约定固定的投资回报，这本身也是一种资本投资实业的创新模式。“这种模式与传统的资金拆借和高利贷完全不同，但这些想法都需要得到政府部门的首肯才能操作。”

He thinks,If can make sure the other side to industrial capital investment after,The parties have agreed fixed return on investment,It is also a kind of capital investment industrial innovation mode."This kind of mode and the traditional money lending and usury completely different,But these ideas need to get the government to the approval of the market operation."

　　“客观地说，地方政府推动改革的诚意是有的，但是步伐太慢、幅度小。”方培林认为。

"Objectively said,Local governments to promote reform sincerity is there,But the pace is too slow/Amplitude small."FangPeiLin think.

　　“由于之前的金融风波，现在，管理部门很怕再出现民间资本的风险。”杨嘉兴认为。

"Due to the financial turmoil before,now,Management department is very afraid of reappear folk capital risk."YangJiaXing think.