本报记者 马春园 北京报道

Our reporter MaChunYuan reports from Beijing

　　12月6日，国内首只公益性小额信贷批发基金“普惠1号”发布，5家公益性小额贷款机构达成协议开始投放资金，共计500万元人民币。

On December 6,,Domestic first microfinance wholesale only public welfare fund"Pratt &whitney 1"release,Five public welfare microfinance institutions to reach an agreement began to put their money,A total of 5 million yuan RMB.

　　该基金由宜信公司与中国小额信贷联盟、商务部中国国际经济技术交流中心、北京大学金融信息化研究中心共同发起成立，主要以批发式银行委托贷款的方式向公益性小额信贷机构提供资金支持，首期规模1000万元，并可有次序地逐期扩募。基金存续期3年，预期年化收益率3%。

The fund company by the appropriate letter with China microfinance alliance/Ministry of commerce of China international center for economic and technical exchanges/Beijing university financial information research center jointly sponsored and established,Mainly wholesale type bank entrust loan way to public welfare microfinance institutions to provide financial support,The first of 10 million yuan,And may have to order batch by batch expanding offerings.Fund during the three years,Expected annualised rate of return of 3%.

　　目前，中国已有100多家致力于扶贫助农的公益性小额信贷组织，及1000多名信贷员，为中国3000多个农村地区提供资金帮助。本世纪初国有大型银行纷纷对网点进行合并和收缩，使农村正规金融机构愈加匮乏，公益性小额信贷机构是对农村地区金融空白的有效补充。

At present,China's more than 100 have to overcome poverty and help the farmers microfinance organizations and the public,And more than 1000 loan officer,For China's more than 3000 rural areas to provide money to help.At the beginning of this century in large state-owned Banks to outlets to merge and shrinkage,Make the rural formal financial institutions lack of more,Pro bono microfinance institutions in rural areas is the financial gap effectively complement.

　　公益性小额信贷机构面临的最大障碍是资金缺乏、融资渠道不畅，仍然依靠早年的项目援助资金和政府补贴维持自身运营和业务发展。公益性小额信贷批发基金为上述机构提供了融资平台，并发挥金融中介功能，吸引社会资金拓宽融资渠道。

Pro bono microfinance institutions of the biggest obstacle is the lack of funds/Financing channel,Still rely on early assistance funds and government subsidies to maintain their own operation and business development.Pro bono microfinance wholesale funds for the above mechanism provides financing platform,And play a financial intermediary function,Attract social capital to broaden the financing channels.

　　此前，清华大学经管学院教授刘玲玲在河北省某农村地区设立一个公益性小额信贷项目，目前已累计滚动放贷1000万元。刘称，一家农户在农闲时期贷款4000元，扣掉480元利息，每月还款400元，尽管利息比较高，但一年下来农户可以多挣五六千元。一次贷款的最高限额在2万元。但刘玲玲的项目也同样遇到资金瓶颈问题，国开行曾以8.5%的利息给与信用贷款。而一般来说，此类农业贷款的利息高达20%。

after,Tsinghua university professor LiuLingLing collegue in hebei province in a rural area set up a public welfare microfinance program,At present already accumulated rolling has 10 million yuan.Liu said,A farmer in the slack period a loan of 4000 RMB,Subtract 480 yuan interest,Monthly payments of $400,Although interest is quite high,But a year down farmers can earn 56000 yuan.A loan ceiling is in 20000 yuan.But LiuLingLing project also meet capital bottleneck problem,Countries have running at 8.5% interest to give credit.But generally speaking,This kind of agriculture loan interest rates as high as 20%.

　　“作为公益性项目，利息的价值在于信用，贷款次数多了，利息可以逐步下调至16%-18%。风险控制手段上，一方面采用五户联保或者三户联保，另一方面采用部分抵押的方式。目前我的项目不良贷款率低于1%。全国多数公益性小额信贷机构的不良率控制在5%以下。”刘玲玲说。

"As a public welfare project,The value of the interest lies in the credit,Loans more often,Interest can gradually cut to 16% - 18%.Risk control measures,On the one hand the five family joint guarantee or three household joint guarantee,On the other hand the partial mortgage way.At present I project bad loans less than 1%.Most of the public welfare microfinance institutions of the defect rate control under 5%."LiuLingLing said.