2月19日，中国银监会发布《关于做好2013年农村金融服务工作的通知》（银监办发〔2013〕51号），通知不仅明确提出了 “加大涉农信贷投放”的要求，而且还对信贷投放额度有了明确的界定“贷款增速不低于各项贷款平均增速”；不仅提出了 “积极推进涉农银行业金融机构体制机制改革”，而且还对投放倾斜对象也首次锁定在了两大重点领域“新型农业生产经营组织”与“城镇化建设配套金融”。通知的对象不仅涵盖各政策性银行、国有商业银行、股份制商业银行、邮政储蓄银行等国家队，也包括各省级农村信用联社。

On February 19,,Issued by the China banking regulatory commission[About 2013 years to the rural financial service notice](Prison silver hair [2013] no. 51),Not only put forward the notice "Increasing agricultural credit availability"requirements,But also on the amount of credit availability a clear definition"Loan growth is not lower than the average rate of the loan";Not only put forward "Actively promote agriculture banking financial institutions system mechanism reform",But also for the first time to put on the inclined object lock on the two key areas"New type of agricultural production and operation organizations"and"The urbanization construction supporting financial".Notification object not only covers all the policy Banks/State-owned commercial Banks/Joint stock commercial Banks/Postal savings bank and national team,Also includes the provincial rural credit association.

　　这意味着，今后相当一段时期内，农村金融改革的重心都会围绕农村金融机构的体制机制改革来进行，农村金融服务的主基调都会围绕“新型农业生产经营组织”与“城镇化建设配套金融”来展开。

This means that,In the future a period time,The rural financial reform of the rural financial institutions will focus on the reform of mechanism of system to carry out,The rural financial service advocate fundamental key will be around"New type of agricultural production and operation organizations"and"The urbanization construction supporting financial"To spread.

　　其实，无论是今年的中央一号文件，还是中央农村工作会议，都突出强调了“推进农村金融改革”的要求。

In fact,Whether this year's central one file,Or the central rural work conference,All highlighted the"Promote the financial reform in the rural areas"requirements.

　　笔者以为，之所以将“推进农村金融改革”放在如此重要的程度，主要是因为在我国宏观经济出现流动性过剩的背景下，农村金融体制改革问题仍较为突出。从农村金融的市场需求来看，需求主体发展程度较低，银行融资风险较大。比如农户家庭收入低、资产少、抵押品更少。涉农企业资产规模整体较小、经营效益较低、抵押物少，对银行吸引力不够。

The author thought,Is will"Promote the financial reform in the rural areas"In such an important degree,Mainly because in our country's macro economy under the background of liquidity surplus,The rural financial system reform is still outstanding.From the rural financial market demand to see,Demand subject development level is relatively low,Bank financing risk is bigger.Such as their household income is low/Assets less/Collateral less.Agricultural enterprise asset scale smaller overall/Business efficiency is low/Pawn less,To bank attraction is not enough.

　　从农村金融的供给主体看，其结构也不尽合理，不能有效满足市场资金需求。由于县域内的工、农、中、建和邮储银行不是法人机构，且受体制机制限制，自主权限较小，审批链条较长，业务开展不够灵活，难以对县域经济形成金融支撑。尽管截至2012年末，我国银行业金融机构涉农贷款余额17.6万亿元，同比增长20.7%。但与庞大的农村金融需求相比，农村金融的供给率依然较低。

From the rural financial supply subject to see,Its structure is not reasonable,Can't effectively meet the market fund demand.Because in the work of the county/agriculture/in/Build and YouChu bank is not legal person institution,And the system mechanism limit,Smaller independent authority,The examination and approval chain is longer,Business is not agile,County economy is difficult to form the financial support.Although at the end of 2012,Banking financial institutions in our country agriculture loan balance is 17.6 trillion yuan,Year-on-year growth of 20.7%.But with the huge rural financial demand compared,The rural financial supply rate is still low.

　　从网点布局来看，目前乡镇上的主要金融机构是信用社和邮储银行。从市场资金满意度来看，由于各种原因许多农户不愿或无法从银行业金融机构获得贷款支持。从市场份额方面来说，农村信用社是目前农村金融市场主要的市场占据者和资金供给者。这或许也是银监会本次专门提出鼓励农村信用社改革为商业银行的初衷所在。

See from the network layout,At present the main township financial institutions is credit cooperatives and YouChu bank.From the market funds satisfaction to see,Due to various reasons many farmers unwilling or unable to obtain loans from financial institutions in the banking industry support.From a market share of ways,Rural credit cooperatives is the rural financial market main market occupy person and capital provider.Perhaps this is the special CBRC proposed encourage reform of rural credit cooperatives for commercial Banks in the original.

　　与此同时，近年来，在银行业金融机构快速扩张的情境下，经济发展落后地区或农村地区银行业 “抽水机”现象日益突出，银行业金融机构的大量设立不仅没有有效支持地方经济发展，反而造成当地大量存款的快速流失，对当地“三农”发展起到了一定负面作用。

meanwhile,In recent years,Banking financial institutions in the rapid expansion of situation,Behind the economic development in rural areas or banking "pump"Increasingly prominent phenomenon,A large number of banking financial institutions set up not only the effective support local economic development,They cause local large deposits of rapid erosion,On the local"Agriculture, countryside and farmers"Development and play a certain negative effects.

　　解决我国农村金融问题，加快农村金融体制改革步伐，既是我国金融业急需解决的问题，也是与下一届政府提出的“推进城镇化进程”相配套的重要的制度保证。因为其根本目的仍是着眼于为未来的长期增长确立基本的制度框架。

Solve the rural financial problems,To speed up the pace of the rural financial system reform,China's financial industry is urgent need to resolve problems,Is the next government proposed"The urbanization process"Supporting the important system guarantee.Because of its fundamental purpose is still focused on long-term growth for the future to establish the basic institutional framework.

　　涉农金融体制机制改革是大框架，涉农金融服务才是实实在在的内容。对于到底如何“改善农村金融服务”，银监会相关负责人2月19日在接受新华社记者采访时表示，加大涉农信贷投放，就是要将有限的信贷资源重点投放到 “三农”领域，确保涉农贷款增速不低于各项贷款平均增速，实现涉农信贷总量的持续增加。对于推进涉农银行业机构体制机制改革，首要的是在保持县域法人地位不变的前提下，稳步推进农村信用社改制为农村商业银行，鼓励农村信用社和农村商业银行下沉服务网点；稳步推进新型农村金融机构培育，机构重点布局中西部，业务重点支农支小等。这位负责人表示，2013年银行业机构要优先安排信贷资金满足稳定发展农业生产、强化现代农业物质技术装备、提高农产品流通效率，以及支持新型农业生产经营组织的信贷需求。

Agricultural financial system mechanism reform is a big frame,Agriculture financial services is the real content.How to"Improving the rural financial services",The relevant person in charge of banking regulatory commission on February 19 in accept xinhua news agency reporter to interview said,Increasing agricultural credit availability,That the limited credit resources to focus on "Agriculture, countryside and farmers"field,Ensure that agriculture loan growth is not lower than the average rate of the loan,To realize agricultural credit of the total amount of increasing.For promoting agriculture banking institution reform of mechanism of system,The first is to keep the county legal person status under the premise of the same,Steadily promote the development of rural credit cooperatives reform for rural commercial bank,Encourage rural credit cooperatives and rural commercial bank sink service outlets;Steadily promote the development of new type of rural financial institutions to cultivate,Institutions focus on the layout,Business priorities support small teams.The person in charge said,2013 banking institutions should meet the priority of the arrangement for the credit funds stable development of agricultural production/Strengthen the modern agricultural material and technical equipment/To improve the efficiency of circulation of agricultural products,And support new agricultural production and operation organizations of credit demand.

　　显然，选择将农村金融改革和增强农村金融服务作为当前经济发展的一个重要方面，这是非常及时的、非常重要的时间窗口。

obviously,Choose to rural financial reform and strengthen the rural financial service for the current economic development an important aspect,This is very timely/Very important time window.