不久前，吴敬琏在“中国经济50人论坛2013年年会”上再次呼吁，当务之急是深入研究改革的顶层设计和整体规划，明确总体方案、路线图、时间表。他说，改革总体方案不能像过去那样“打草鞋”，“草鞋无样，边打边像”，不能任由各个部门、各个地方各自做“顶层设计”，形成向他们利益倾斜的格局。

Not long ago,WuJingLian in"China's economic fifty BBS 2013 annual meeting"Again called on the,The urgent task is to further study the top of the reform design and overall planning,Clear overall scheme/roadmap/schedule.He said,An overall plan can't like they did in the past"Play straw sandals","Straw sandals no sample,Side dozen the side like",Cannot allow each department/Each place each work"Top design",They formed the pattern of interests to tilt.

　　央行副行长易纲则对设计大改革方案提出疑虑。他说，制度是设计出来的，还是在产权界定清晰的情况下生长出来的，存在探讨的空间。他对设计一个改革的“大系统”感到“诚惶诚恐”，“心存疑虑”。

Yi gang, vice governor of the central bank in the design of reform plan put forward doubts.He said,System is designed,Or in the definition of property right clear cases out of the growth,Existing discussion space.He is to design a reform"system"feel"With reverence and awe","doubt".

　　笔者认为上述两种说法都有道理，关键是明确哪些方面要“顶层设计”，哪些方面应当“自然生长”。

The author thinks that the above two kinds of views are reasonable,The key is to clear what aspects"Top design",Which aspects should be"Natural growth".

　　笔者的看法是，越是贴近政府、政治体制方面，对“顶层设计”就越是依赖。因为这些改革都涉及既有利益格局的调整，特别是对管制权力的压缩，某种意义上属于抑制型、收缩型、调整型的权力改革。让揽权部门、垄断势力和地方政府捆住利益的手脚，谁会自觉自愿，束手就缚？所以必须统一规划，立足长远，痛下决心，深化改革。

The author's view is,More close to the government/Political system,to"Top design"The more dependent on.Because these reforms involve both benefit pattern adjustment,Especially to control the power of the compression,A sense belong to conservation/Contraction type/DiaoZhengXing power reform.Let LanQuan department/Monopoly power and local government interests tied hand and foot,Who will voluntarily,Be captured?So must be unified planning,Based on long-term,Cross the rubicon,Deepening reform.

　　而在和市场更为贴近的那些领域，则不应强调行政色彩强烈的这个那个设计。原因在于，相比于企业，政府无法掌握足够的市场信息以支持决策，很多政府“设计”都带有主观主义和想当然的成分。比如城镇化，某些地方的“设计”，本质上就是让农民“被动上楼”、耕地“占优补劣”。相反，近十年来，不少城市远郊兴起了大规模的住宅区、“卫星城”，拉开了城市空间，都是房地产开发商为主开发的（政府则主要在大的规划和市政配套方面发挥作用），这种“城镇化”是将城市中心城区人口转移到周边集聚，同时带动周边发展。

And in and the market is more close to those areas,We should not emphasize the strong administrative color that design.Reason is that,Compared to enterprise,The government could not acquire adequate market information to support decision making,Many government"design"With the composition of subjectivism and take it for granted.Such as urbanization,Some parts of the"design",In essence is to let farmers"Passive upstairs"/Cultivated land"Dominant complement bad".instead,Nearly ten years,A lot of urban outer suburbs the rise of the large-scale residential area/"Satellite town",Open the urban space,Is real estate developers give priority to development(The government is mainly in the big planning and municipal supporting role),this"urbanization"Is the city center city population transfer to gather around,At the same time, promote the development of surrounding.

　　开发商名声不太好，但这十几年，如果不通过他们，不通过基于市场判断、依靠市场力量去形成一个经济上可持续的模式，都交由政府去设计和投入，可能吗？

Developers reputation is not so good,But the more than ten years,If not through them,Don't pass judgment based on the market/Rely on market forces to form a sustainable economic model,Are kept in the government to design and investment,May??

　　要言之，无论改革还是发展，设计还是不设计，涉及还是不涉及，首先还是要明确政府与市场的边界。谁更有条件接触和搜寻充分的信息，谁就更应拥有决策权和资源配置权。要是该设计的没有设计，不该涉及的又去涉及，那就麻烦了。

In brief the,Whether reform or development,Design is not design,Involved in or not,The first is to clear the government and the market boundary.Who is more conditional contact and search sufficient information,Who should have more decision-making power and resource allocation right.If the design of have no design,Shouldn't be involved in and go,You're in trouble.