全国“两会”已拉开帷幕，金融界的精英也汇聚一堂，为推动中国金融创新改革群策群力。

Across the country"The two sessions"Has begun,Financial elite together, too,In order to promote China's financial innovation reform effort.

　　3月7日，《投资者报》记者获悉全国政协委员、工商银行(601398,股吧)副行长张红力的六项提案，包括“加快推进资本项下人民币国际化”、“加快金融立法，提高我国金融体系的国际竞争力”、“建议制定《金融稳定法》”、“加大政府支持与产融结合，增强走出去业务竞争力”、“设立企业走出去专项外汇资金池”、“建立政协委员监督机制”。

On March 7,,[Investors newspaper]Reporters learned that the CPPCC national committee/Industrial and commercial bank of(601398,stocks)Vice President Mr. Zhang's six proposals,including"We will accelerate the internationalisation of the renminbi under capital items"/"Speed up the legislation of financial,Improve the international competitiveness of China's financial system"/"Suggestions for[Financial stability method]"/"With support from the government with in harmony,Go out business competitiveness"/"Established a special enterprise go out of foreign exchange funds pool"/"CPPCC supervision mechanism is established".

　　其中，两项提案都指向金融立法。张红力认为，金融领域的法制建设至关重要。“法律制度的健全，是金融业保持稳定、发挥作用的前提和基石。近年来，各国都在总结金融危机教训的基础上加大了金融立法和修法力度。我国金融行业的健康、迅速发展也要求重视金融立法工作，要求金融法律能与时俱进，要求立法和修法工作具有一定紧迫性和实效性。”

Among them,Two proposals are pointing in the direction of financial legislation.Mr Zhang thinks,In the financial sector and the legal system is very important."Sound legal system,Is financial stability/Play a role of the premise and foundation.In recent years,All countries on the basis of summarizing the lessons from financial crisis increased the financial legislation and practices.The health of the financial industry in our country/Rapid development also requires attention to the financial legislation,Require financial law can keep pace with The Times,Require legislation and the practice work has a certain urgency and effectiveness."

　加快金融立法步伐 To speed up the pace of financial legislation

　　与国外相比，我国的立法速度和修法进度都比较慢，难以适应金融立法、修法所要求的时效性和紧迫性。

Compared with foreign,Our country's legislation and practice progress are slow,Difficult to adapt to financial legislation/Practices required by the timeliness and urgency.

　　据张红力分析，原因有多个方面：如常委会通常两个月召开一次，立法过程中还要不断向国务院及其相关组成部门，乃至全社会广泛征求意见，涉及的范围较广，环节较多。加之法律的制定和修改，通常会涉及社会经济关系和利益格局的界定和调整，面临阻力和纠葛。有时候甚至因为一个条款无法达成共识，就要搁置数年。

According to Mr Zhang analysis,There are multiple reasons for:If the standing committee normally meets once two months,Unceasingly in the legislative process to the departments under the state council and related components,Consultation and even the whole society,The scope of the wider,Link is more.Combined with the legislation and modification,Often involve social pattern definition and adjust the economic relations and interests,Facing resistance and entanglements.Sometimes for a clause can't reach a consensus,Will be put on hold for years.

　　金融业的发展日新月异，金融市场瞬息万变，现行法律体系已出现一些未能覆盖但又亟须法制保障的立法盲区，有必要制定一些新的法律；同时一些早年适用的法律条文已无法适应新形势的要求。如现行的《人民银行法》和《商业银行法》都是在1995年生效后，仅于2003年修订过一次。《刑法》等法律中与金融犯罪相关的规定也有修改的必要。为此，必须加快金融立法、修法工作的进度和步伐。

Financial sector development changes with each passing day,Rapidly changing financial markets,Current law system has appeared some failed to cover the blind spots and urgently needs the legal protection of legislation,It is necessary to make some new laws;At the same time, some early applicable law has been unable to adapt to the requirement of new situation.Such as the current[The people's bank]and[Commercial bank law]Are all took effect in 1995,Only in 2003, the revised one.[The criminal law]Legal and financial crime will also be necessary to modify the relevant provisions.To do this,Need to accelerate the financial legislation/Practice work and pace.

　　张红力建议从两个方面加大金融立法、修法的专业性、及时性。

Mr Zhang Suggestions from two aspects of increasing financial legislation/The professionalism of the repair method/timeliness.

　　第一，加大立法人才的队伍建设，提高金融立法工作的专业性。

The first,Accelerating legislation talent team construction,Improve the professionalism of the legislation of financial work.

　　首先要加强专职队伍的建设。在充分发挥现有的具有金融专业知识的人大常委作用的同时，考虑吸纳一些懂金融、有实战经验兼具前瞻眼光的专职委员，使他们成为立法工作的骨干和主力。

First of all, must strengthen the construction of professional team.In make full use of existing financial professional knowledge of the National People's Congress standing committee of the function at the same time,Consider to absorb some of the financial/Both look ahead with actual combat experience professional committee members,Make them become the backbone of the legislative work and the main body.

　　其次要充分发挥兼职队伍的力量。全国人大现有的人员日常工作已然十分繁重，无法抽出大量时间进行立法和修法所必需的调研学习。建议聘用更多的具有金融知识的专业人员，辅助做好立法的技术工作和基础工作。还可考虑由全国人大，根据不同法律的具体的立法需求，组织社会力量和行政部门中了解情况的人（以个人身份参与）共同组成起草班子。

Secondly to give full play to part-time team strength.Existing staff daily work of the National People's Congress is very heavy,Has spent a lot of time not to carry on the legislation and practices necessary for the research study.Suggested that hire more knowledge of financial professionals,Assist to do a good job of legislative technology and basic work.Can also be considered by the National People's Congress (NPC),According to the specific legislation of different legal requirements,Organization social forces and the administrative department of the people familiar with the situation(Personally involved)Of drafting team.

　　第二，加快金融立法、修法速度。张红力认为，目前的《立法法》对于立法程序有明确规定，保障了立法、修法的严肃性、规范性。但是在操作中，修法工作往往耗费时间较长。可以考虑在《立法法》的框架下进行试点：对一些金融法律的修法程序尽可能简化，并加快修法进度，保证一些不涉及基本原则但又明显不适应客观需要的细节问题，在较短时间内能够修改。

In the second,Speed up the legislation of financial/Trimming speed.Mr Zhang thinks,The current[Legislative law]Shall be specified for the legislative process,Ensure the legislation/The seriousness of law/normative.But in the operation,Practice work tends to spend a longer time.Can be considered in[Legislative law]Under the framework of the pilot:For some financial law practice program to simplify as much as possible,And speed up progress of repair method,Ensure some does not involve the basic principle, but obviously not adapt to the objective need of the details,In a relatively short period of time to modify.

　制定《金融稳定法》 set[Financial stability method]

　　瞬息万变的国内外金融形势，令金融稳定面临诸多挑战和潜在风险。

Rapidly changing domestic and international financial situation,Many challenges and potential risks to financial stability.

　　张红力认为，目前我国的金融体系仍以间接融资为主，直接融资比重虽不断增加，但大量债券的实际持有者仍是商业银行，风险并未从银行体系充分转移和释放。一旦遭遇经济下行期，或面临产业结构调整，银行的资产质量就会受到考验。

Mr Zhang thinks,At present our country's financial system is still mainly on indirect financing,The proportion of direct financing is increasing,But a large number of actual holder is still commercial bank bonds,Risk from the banking system is not fully transfer and release.Once encountering economic downward legs,Or facing industrial structure adjusting,Banks' asset quality will be tested.

　　我国在危机化解方面积累了相应经验，但还缺少充分的法律保护和制度保证。当前立法体系中只有《中国人民银行法》原则规定了人民银行负有维护金融稳定的职责，但鲜有任何条款和内容实际聚焦金融稳定，更遑论金融稳定的问责机制。而在机构设置上，央行虽已设立金融稳定局，但其层级并不足以从全局的高度维护金融稳定。

To resolve the crisis in our country has accumulated experience accordingly,But still lack of sufficient legal protection and system guarantee.Only in the current legislation system[The people's bank of China]The principle provisions of the people's bank is responsible for the maintenance of financial stability,But few terms and conditions of any actual focus on financial stability,Let alone the financial stability of accountability.And on the institutions,The central bank has set up the financial stability board,But the level is not enough to from the height of the global financial stability maintenance.

　　金融危机之后，金融市场比较发达的国家，纷纷出台专门的《金融稳定法》。

After the financial crisis,Financial markets are more developed countries,Are there[Financial stability method].

　　以稳健著称的德国，2008年便出台了《金融市场稳定法》；英国议会也不断抛出金融体制改革的建议和法案，加强中央银行和其他金融机构在维护金融稳定中的责任始终是其核心要义；欧盟也不断通过立法来加强维护金融稳定的长效机制。

Germany is famous for its sound,Introduced in 2008[Financial market stability];The British parliament also dished out financial system reform Suggestions and act,To strengthen the central bank and other financial institutions in the responsibility of maintaining financial stability has always been the core point;The eu has passed legislation to strengthen the long-term mechanism of maintaining financial stability.

　　而美国在危机后出台的《多德-弗兰克华尔街改革与消费者保护法案》第一部分即为“金融稳定法”，法案将整合监管资源、维护金融稳定作为主要改革目标，以防范系统性风险。

While the United States after the crisis[The dodd-frank Wall Street reform and consumer protection act]The first part is the"Financial stability method",Bill will integrate regulatory resources/Maintaining financial stability as the main reform goals,To prevent systemic risk.

　　张红力认为，《金融稳定法》应当对于金融稳定问题提供全面、完整的法律框架，使得金融稳定工作有法可依。

Mr Zhang thinks,[Financial stability method]Should be to provide comprehensive financial stability problems/The complete legal framework,Tend to make financial stability work.

　　《金融稳定法》应允许维持金融稳定的机构，从维护金融稳定的角度，对金融机构、金融市场，乃至尚未纳入监管范畴但关乎金融稳定的新型机构，实施常规监控、现场检查，确定重点监控的金融机构，加强清算支付系统的建设和动态监管，必要时采取紧急措施包括接管安排、特殊贷款等一系列措施。建立诸如存款保险制度、证券投资者保护制度等事后补救措施。应将金融稳定预警、应急机制写入其中，并赋予政府采取必要手段维护金融稳定的权利。

[Financial stability method]Should be allowed to maintain financial stability in the organization,From the perspective of maintaining financial stability,For financial institutions/The financial markets,And has not been included in the regulatory category but with a kind of new financial stability mechanism,Implement the regular monitoring/On-site inspection,Identify key monitoring and control of financial institutions,And dynamic regulation to strengthen the construction of the payment system liquidation,When it is necessary to take emergency measures, including over schedule/A series of measures such as special loans.Such as deposit insurance system is established/Remedial measures such as securities investor protection system.Financial stability should be alert/Write the emergency response mechanism,And give the rights of the government to take necessary measures to maintain financial stability.

　　他同时提醒，要正确处理稳定与创新的关系，避免因噎废食，矫枉过正。在控制风险、确保金融稳定的同时，也要确保和鼓励金融机构特别有系统重要性的金融机构能够继续独立进行商业决策和产品创新。对于风险、创新等有相对明晰、便于执行的边界，有利于厘清金融机构的责任和义务。

And he warned,To correctly handle the relationship between stability and innovation,Avoid to isolate,overdo.In the control risk/To ensure financial stability at the same time,Also want to make sure and encourage financial institutions to have systemically important financial institutions to continue independent business decisions and product innovation.For risk/Innovation are relatively clear/To facilitate implementation of boundary,Help to clarify the responsibilities and obligations of financial institutions.