主编：李想熊曼琳 记者：杨若兰 摄像：景延 白羽

editor：LiXiang XiongManLin reporter：YangReLan camera：JingYan BaiYu

　　就在近期，上海“12.05”特大地下钱庄案告破，在短短的两年时间里，犯罪嫌疑人葛某地下钱庄的交易金额高达20亿元，运用“空手套白狼”的方式获利200多万元。这个钱庄是如何建立起来的？如何利用钱庄进行犯罪活动？专案组又怎样侦破这个案件的呢?

In recent，Shanghai“12.05”Big underground GaoPo case，In just two years，The criminal suspect Gregory one bank transactions amount is as high as 2 billion yuan，use“Empty set of the white Wolf”Way to profit more than 200 yuan。The bank is how to build up？How to use the bank for crimes？And how to solve the case as?

　　2011年12月，上海公安局经济侦查总队在日常工作中发现，有一个以本地人葛某为首的犯罪团伙，可能长期在上海从事非法跨境的汇兑业务。

December 2011，Shanghai public security bureau economic investigation team in daily work found，There is a native ge led to a criminal gangs，For a long time in Shanghai may engage in illegal cross-border exchange business。

　　上海市公安局经侦总队二支队承办员曹奇珉告诉记者，当初他们有一个线索显示，有一个客户在那进行货币兑换，在3个月时间里，交易额就达到5、6亿元之多。

The municipal public security bureau for economic 2 detachment corps member CaoJiMin told reporters，At the beginning they have a clue display，Have a client in that for currency exchange，In three months，Turnover is up to five、More than 600 million yuan。

　　这样的异常情况引起了警方的怀疑，警方随即对数十个涉案帐户进行了查询和监控后发现，这个犯罪团伙不仅非法汇兑金额较大，而且犯罪团伙内部结构庞大，分工明确。

Such abnormalities provoked suspicion，The police immediately to dozens of involving the query and monitor account found，The crime ring not only illegal exchange amount is larger，Criminal gangs and internal structure is huge，A clear division of。

　　曹奇珉表示，有的负责招揽客户，葛某负责与境外联系。

CaoJiMin said，Solicit customer is responsible for some，Gregory a responsible for and the foreign contact。

　　在这份警方提供给记者的犯罪团伙关系图上，记者看到，在这个地下钱庄的关系网里，涉案人员大概有20多名，办案民警曹奇珉告诉记者，这在近年破获的地下钱庄案里，算是规模比较大的。

In the police to provide reporters criminal gangs relationship chart，The reporter sees，In the underground web of relationships，The people involved about of more than twenty，Police handling CaoJiMin told reporters，In recent years the threat of the underground in the case，A large scale。

　　曹奇珉告诉记者，在调查的过程中，他们发现这个组织的人数比较多，而且涉及到本市以及外地的地下钱庄。

CaoJiMin told reporters，In the process of investigation，They found that the number of the organization more，And this city and the field of related to underground。

　　在初步监控到主要嫌疑人葛某后，警方继续对他的汇兑业务进行账户查询，通过梳理帐户，来追查资金走向，然而，取证工作却并没有想象中顺利。

In the preliminary monitoring to the main suspects after a Koch，Police continue to his exchange business account inquiry，By analyzing account，To pursue money to，however，Forensics is not imagine in a smooth。

　　曹奇珉表示：他们最初发现，葛某并不使用本人的账户，资金都是由客户到客户。这种情况对他们的侦查工作带来了一定的难度，因为他们无法将这些账户的情况与他本人联系到一起。

CaoJiMin said：They initially found，Gregory one does not use my account，Money is by the customer to customers。This kind of situation of their investigation has the certain difficulty，Because they can't put these account contact with him together。

　　王勇是负责此案的探长，他告诉记者，地下钱庄案最难的地方就在涉案账户的梳理，像这类地下钱庄所使用的账户都不是本人姓名，甚至还有一些虚假证件来开户，而且一些违法活动还往往涉及境外，部分资金交易需要境外取证，难度更大。

Wang is responsible for the case of the inspector，He told reporters，The case of the hardest place underground in sorting out the account involved，Like this kind of underground by use of account is not my name，And even some false documents to open an account，And some illegal activities are still often involves overseas，Some funds overseas trade need evidence，More difficult。

　　上海市公安局经侦总队二支队探长王勇告诉记者：特别涉及到境外的取证，他们很难取到相关的证据。

The municipal public security bureau corps economic 2 detachment inspector wang yong told reporters：Special involves the forensics overseas，They find it hard to take to the relevant evidence。

　　除此之外，巨大的资金量流入流出，也对账户的整理增加了难度。

In addition，Huge financing volume inflow and outflow，And the sorting of the account an increased level of difficulty。

　　曹奇珉表示：因为它的账户每天都有很大资金的进出，对此账户的梳理工作很庞杂。

CaoJiMin said：Because it's account has a lot of money every day in and out，This account of comb the work is very confused。

　　而在整个取证过程中，警方显得格外谨慎，生怕打草惊蛇。

And in the process of evidence，The police appear for caution，Afraid to startle the。

　　曹奇珉表示，因为这个组织有一些就是涉及到银行，如果长期对这些账户进行查询，有可能会惊动他们。

CaoJiMin said，Because the organization had some is related to the bank，If these account for long-term query，They may be moved。

　　王勇告诉记者，近年来随着警方打击的深入，地下钱庄经营方式也在发生变化，具有很强的反侦察意识。

Wang yong told reporters，In recent years, with the police a blow to the deep，Underground management way also is in produce change，Has the very strong anti reconnaissance consciousness。

　　王勇表示，刚开始地下钱庄经营模式是通过本人的个人账户划款，他们比较容易打击。现在的地下钱庄活动主要是发展到上下家客户之间划款，然后将利润划入自己的账户。

Wang yong said，Just started to underground business model is through my personal account)，They're more likely to blow。Now the underground activity is mainly to clients of strokes up and down between，Then will his account into profits。

　　前期的取证工作尽管繁琐，但案件还是逐渐有了眉目。

Despite the forensics trival，But the case or is beginning to take shape。

　　曹奇珉对记者说：“我举一个例子，如果他汇兑了10万美金，他有可能划过来就是63万多的人民币，它基本都是成倍数的。对于这样的账户的特征，我们一看就基本能够了解，这个是专门进行外汇买卖的账户，这个之前初步对账户的一个判断。”

CaoJiMin told reporters：“Let me give you an example，If he exchange for $100000，He may have come more than 630000 stroke is the RMB，It is basic it is the number of multiple。For this account features，We see a basic can understand，This is specialized foreign currency business account，The preliminary to account before a judge。”

　　警方在侦查时发现，一些账户的资金与葛某控制的帐户有资金往来，然后根据资金的数字关系，发现他有可能涉嫌非法汇兑，于是在监控葛某帐户内资金的走向后发现，有很多涉及到地下钱庄交易的行为在里面，整个地下钱庄网络的雏形就此出现了。

The police found in investigation，Some of the funds and Gregory account a control account have funds，And then, according to the number of funds relationship，He may have found suspected illegal exchange，So in monitoring Gregory one account of capital in the after to find，Have a lot of related to the behavior of the underground trade in it，The whole underground the prototype of the network is raised。

　　警方最终确定，葛某涉及地下钱庄的交易资金达20亿，控制的账户20多个，海外账户就有3、4个。随后，上海市公安局迅速成立专案组，并将情况上报公安部，公安部将此案确定为“会战五号”案件。

The police ultimately determine，Gregory one involving the underground Banks trading funds of 2 billion，The account of the control more than 20，Offshore accounts will have 3、4。then，The municipal public security bureau as established quickly，And will report to the ministry of situation，The public security department will be determined as the case“Battle was no. 5”case。

　　2012年3月8日，在公安部的统一指挥下，上海侦破组兵分六路，会同广东，浙江，江苏等地的公安经侦部门开展集中收网行动，一举抓获、控制涉案人员20余名，捣毁地下钱庄窝点四个，冻结了30余个涉案账户内的资金2000余万元。

On March 8, 2012，In the unity of the ministry of public security command，Shanghai ZhenPoZu soldiers six points，Jointly with the guangdong，zhejiang，Jiangsu public security department of economic develop concentration to draw the net in action，Capture every、Control of more than 20 people involved，Destroying underground shelter for four，Frozen about 30 inside account of money involved more than 2000 ten thousand yuan。

　　短短三两个月，资金进出就高达5、6个亿，这自然引起了警方的注意。随着进一步侦查，警方发现其中的核心人物葛某竟然操控了多达20个银行账户。这个葛某究竟何方神圣？是怎样操作这个庞大的犯罪网络的呢？

Three short two months，Capital turnover reaches as high as 5、6，This natural caused the attention of the police。Along with the further investigation，The police found that one of the key person Gregory one actually manipulate as many as 20 a bank account。The Gregory where a what divine？Is how to work the huge criminal networks？

　　在上海市的一家看守所，记者见到了主要犯罪嫌疑人葛某。他告诉记者，自己是学国际贸易专业的，曾经在银行工作了十六年，主要负责出口贸易服务，因此对相关的业务十分了解，当初的第一笔生意是帮朋友的忙。

In a jail in Shanghai，The reporter saw the main suspect Gregory one。He told reporters，He is studying international trade professional，Once worked in a bank for 16 years，Mainly in charge of export trade service，So the related business quite understand，At the beginning of the first business is to help friends of busy。

　　犯罪嫌疑人葛某告诉记者：其实他做第一次的时候，好像我有一个深圳的朋友，他说他的一个朋友的小孩在海外，比如要汇10万美元过去，他问我帮我看看谁有外汇，他要汇10万美元去，因为可能金额比较大，他在国内不能配汇，然后他把人民币付给我，我就全是等于帮帮他的忙一样的做法。

The criminal suspect a Koch told reporters：In fact he did the first time，If I was a friend of shenzhen，He said that a friend of his children in overseas，For example to collect $100000 in the past，He asked me to help me see who has the foreign exchange，He want to remit 100000 dollars，Because may amount is larger，He can't match in domestic remit，Then he put the yuan to pay me，I it all is equal to help him up the same way。

　　就这样，葛某利用在银行工作期间积攒的资源，帮朋友找到了一位买家，并利用外汇差价从中赚取了一笔费用。

so，Gregory one use of work in a bank save resources during，Help a friend found a buyer，And by using foreign exchange earning a price difference from the fee。

　　葛某告诉记者：他和那个朋友商量，交易价格比比银行略高一点，那么他们可以挣到介绍费。

Gregory a told reporters：He and the friends to discuss，The transaction price was a little over the bank，Then they can earn referral commission。

　　只要从中间牵头就赚到钱，既没有风险又不费力气，葛某尝到了甜头后，就在自己和朋友开办的电子产品公司雇了几个人，专门协助他做这种不需要投入的“资金业务”。

As long as the lead from the center makes money，Neither risk and effortless，Gregory a taste of the rewards，In oneself and friend of open electronic products company hired several people，Special help him to do this need not committed“Funds business”。

　　葛某表示：通常都会先把人民币先付给要卖出美元的客户，然后要卖出美元的客户收到人民币以后，就在海外把美元直接汇过来。

Gregory said a：Usually the first to sell the dollars RMB pay of customers，And then sell the dollars to the customer after receiving the yuan，In the direct remit abroad $come over。

　　葛某告诉记者，比如A在境外有1000万美金想换成人民币，他需要联系好境内买家B。联系好之后，A将1000万美金打入他在香港的账户，同时，他境内的账户向B支付相应的人民币。葛某所采取的汇兑手法，其实是一种名为“两地平衡”式的跨境汇兑模式，也叫“哈瓦那”模式，是地下钱庄经营者通行的做法。就在短短的两年时间里，葛某的地下钱庄交易金额高达20亿。

Gregory a told reporters，For example A $10 million in overseas have to into RMB，He needs to contact domestic buyers B。Contact after，A $10 million in Hong Kong scored his account，At the same time，His account of the territory to B payment of the corresponding RMB。Gregory to exchange a gimmick，In fact is a name“Balance between”Type of cross-border exchange mode，Also called“Havana”mode，Is the practice in the underground operators。In just two years，Gregory some underground transaction amount as high as 2 billion。

　　葛某表示盈利大概有两百多万。

Gregory said about a profit more than two hundred。

　　而在这个案件中，还有一个显著的特点就是犯罪嫌疑人的普遍接受过大学教育，甚至其中有一人具有硕士学位的，而且他们对银行相关外汇业务也都十分熟悉，但是对于法律，却几乎是一无所知。

And in this case，There is a notable characteristic of the criminal suspect is generally accepted a university education，Even one of those people have a master's degree，And they related to the bank foreign exchange business are familiar with，But to the law，But almost nothing。

　　曹奇珉表示：前做笔录的时候葛某对于银行的业务非常熟悉，但对于法律意识非常匮乏，他们没有这方面的培训。

CaoJiMin said：When the record before a bank of business for Koch is very familiar with，But for legal consciousness very scarce，They have this aspect of training。

　　葛某所进行的非法汇兑业务，大多是通过正规银行进行转账交易，交易量相当频繁，仅仅2011年7月11日至11月15日，交易外汇就达到了11笔，共计金额1383.6万美元。然而嫌疑人葛某却告诉记者，对于他所进行的汇兑业务，在最开始的时候他并不认为是违法的。

Gregory one of illegal exchange business，Mostly through formal bank transfer deal，Volume quite frequently，Only the July 11, 2011 to November 15,，Foreign exchange transactions to reach 11 pen，Total amount of 13.836 million dollars。However suspect Gregory one but told reporters，The exchange for his business，In the beginning he does not think that is illegal。

　　葛某认为：所有的美元是在境外进行交易的，他本人是没有买入外汇或者是卖出外汇，只是起了一个介绍作用。

Gregory a think：All of the dollar is in trade on the outside，He himself is not buying foreign exchange or sell foreign exchange，Just plays a role is introduced。

　　在葛某看来，自己仅仅收取了中介费，并不算违法，但实际上，这样的行为已经触犯了我国刑法第225条，刑法第225条规定，非法从事资金支付结算业务，数额较大的，追究刑事责任。

A look at ge，His only charge the commission，Isn't illegal，But in fact，Such behavior has been breaking the our country criminal law the 225th，The provisions of article 225 of the criminal law，Engaged in illegal funds to pay for settlement business，Large amount of，Shall be investigated for criminal responsibility。

　　上海市公安局经济犯罪侦总队副总队长夏卫东表示，因为这属于非法经营行为，它是侵犯了市场的正常的交易的秩序，所以他是不受国家法律保护的，从我们近些年破获地下钱庄案件中，也发现许多其它的犯罪。

The municipal public security bureau economic crimes, vice ZongDuiChang XiaWeiDong USES the corps says，Because this belongs to the illegal business activities，It is a violation of the market trade normally order，So he is not subject to state law protection，In recent years we uncovered from underground in the case，Also found that many other crime。

　　 1998年6月30日，国务院颁布施行《非法金融机构和非法金融业务活动取缔办法》，其中第3条规定：“非法金融机构，是指未经中国人民银行批准，擅自设立从事或者从事吸收存款、发放贷款、融资担保、外汇买卖等金融业务活动的机构。”然而近年来，地下钱庄并没有因为其非法性质而裹足不前，也没有因为政府的不断的打击而销声匿迹，其规模反而越来越大。从事经侦工作八年的王勇告诉记者，仅在去年，他所带领的支队就破获了大大小小十几个地下钱庄案件。

June 30, 1998，The state council promulgated)《Illegal financial institutions and illegal financial activities to clamp down on》，Among them the provisions of article 3：“Illegal financial institutions，Refers to the approval from the people's bank of China，To erect engaged in or to engage in the absorb deposits、Issue loans、Financing guarantee、Foreign exchange trading, and other financial business activities of the organization。”But in recent years，And because the underground no illegal properties and gets cold feet，No because the government's constantly blow and ritual，Its size is more and more big instead。Engaged in the work of the economic eight years wang told reporters，Only in the last year，He led the team is cracked greatly small ten several cases of underground。

　　王勇表示，案件数按照20%到30%左右的速度在增长。

Wang yong said，Cases accepted according to 20% to 30% at the rate of growth。

　　原来葛某建立的这个地下钱庄并不需要太复杂的构造，葛某只是利用了自己的工作之便，干起了资金掮客。在有了稳定的客源之后，葛某在替这些在内地投资的港台企业做“跑款”业务过程中，逐步发展到“钱庄”的规模。尽管触犯法律，但是高额利润，让很多人铤而走险。广告之后我们继续来关注地下钱庄。

The original Gregory a building the underground Banks do not need too complex structure，Gregory one just using his work and，Raised money brokers。In a stable after passengers，Gregory one for the investment in the mainland in Hong Kong and Taiwan enterprises do“Run of”Business process，Gradually developed to“bank”scale。Although violate the law，But high profits，Let the many people desperate。Advertisement after we continue to pay more attention to the underground。

　　在银行工作的葛某不但有工作上的便利，还有国际贸易专业的学历背景。从帮朋友忙到滑入犯罪的深渊，葛某可以用常在河边走，终于湿了鞋来形容。但是我们也了解到，在历年侦破的地下钱庄大案中，很多钱庄的实际操盘手都没有什么文化，操作手段也简单得让人惊讶。那么这样的地下钱庄又是怎样运转的呢？

Works in the bank there are not only work on a Koch of convenience，And the international trade professional education background。To help a friend busy from sliding into the abyss of crime，Gregory one can use often in the river walk，Finally wet shoes to describe。But we also know，In the past the underground in big case detection，Many of the actual terror hand Banks have no culture，Operation means simple also have to surprise。So how is this underground running？

　　2011年福建警方也成功破获了一起特大地下钱庄案，而案件的线索来源于在2008年的春节，福建公安机关侦破的一起跨境绑架案。

In 2011, fujian police also successfully thwarted a plot super-large underground case，And the lead in the case in 2008 from the Spring Festival，The public security organs of fujian detection together cross-border kidnapping。

　　金宁飞告诉记者：这个绑架案的一个赎金是通过他们福州地区一个叫做杨大姐汇往台湾的，知道这个线索以后，刑侦总队就把这个线索移交给经侦总队。

JinNingFei told reporters：The kidnapping of a ransom is through their fuzhou, called a YangDaJie remitted Taiwan，Know the clues later，Criminal investigation team will give the clues to hand over to the economic team。

　　多年的办案经验让金宁飞预感到，这很有可能是一起跨境地下钱庄交易，而这个地下钱庄的头目就是所谓的“杨大姐”，可杨大姐是谁呢？线索到此处就终断了，所有的侦查工作都需要重新开始。在经过无数次的筛选和排查之后，一个偶然的发现让金宁飞和他的同事们眼前一亮。

Many years of experience in handling cases let JinNingFei had a hunch，It may very well be cross-border trade with underground，And the leaders of the underground is called“YangDaJie”，Can YangDaJie who is it？Clues to end it here......，All of the investigation all need to start again。After numerous times after the screening and testing，An accidental discovery, let JinNingFei and his colleagues shine at the moment。

　　金宁飞告诉记者，他们曾经从办案系统里面查到过，杨在2002年时候曾经因为非法买卖外汇被公安机关处理过，所以说他们就把她作为一个重点的对象进行监控。

JinNingFei told reporters，They had to check from handling system there，Yang in 2002 was illegally trading in foreign exchange by the public security organs of processing，So they took her as a key object monitor。

　　资料显示，此人叫杨秀珍，没有正当的职业或是生意往来，却有着不错的经济条件，每天电话非常频繁，一般只往来于住处和附近的银行之间。警方随即决定，对杨秀珍的银行账户进行调查。然而出乎意料的是，杨秀珍所使用的银行账户，竟然都不是自己的名字。

Data shows，This person that YangXiuZhen，No proper job or business，Has good economic conditions，Every phone very frequent，General only travels the shelter and the bank near between。The police immediately decided to，To YangXiuZhen bank account in the investigation。But unexpectedly，YangXiuZhen by use of bank account，That is not his own name。

　　金宁飞表示，这些账户是他借用亲戚朋友的身份证到银行开的

JinNingFei said，These accounts he borrowed the id of the relatives and friends to the bank

　　借用亲戚朋友的身份证，并开设了多个账户，这到底是为了什么呢？对杨秀珍使用的账户进一步调查显示，这些账户对外资金往来十分频繁，有的账户一天的交易可达数十笔，交易金额小的几千元，最高的甚至达到几百万元人民币。

Borrow friends or relatives id card，And have more than one account，What is this？To YangXiuZhen use account further survey，These account foreign funds is very frequent，Some accounts a day of trading to dozens of pen，Transaction value of small thousands of yuan，The highest even reach a few million yuan。

　　线索汇总上来后，基本可以判定，杨秀珍很可能是在非法从事地下钱庄的活动。但在经过仔细分析之后，金宁飞却和同事决定，继续侦查，不要惊动杨秀珍。

Collect up clues，Basic can judge the，YangXiuZhen is likely to be engaged in the underground in illegal activities。But after careful analysis later，JinNingFei but and colleagues decided to，Continue to investigation，Don't YangXiuZhen moved。

　　金宁飞告诉记者，通过对这个钱庄进行经营的时候，他们还发现了在福州地区其它五个钱庄。

JinNingFei told reporters，Through the Banks to conduct business，They also found in fuzhou, the five other Banks。

　　经过将近一年的努力，在基本掌握六个钱庄犯罪嫌疑人的犯罪证据之后，福建省公安厅经侦总队开始全面行动！

After nearly a year of hard work，In the basic master six bank suspects after evidence of the crime，Fujian bureau corps economic started full operation！

　　在对查获的上百个银行账户仔细核查后，警方判定，杨秀珍通过大量借用亲戚、朋友的身份证，开设帐号，从事非法买卖外汇的交易，其中交易量最大的就是美元和台币，涉及的可疑资金高达数十亿元人民币。然而和拥有高学历、熟悉银行业务的葛某不一样，杨秀珍只有小学文化。她的家是作案地点之一，现场简单的摆设也大大出乎警方的意料。

Hundreds of seized bank account after a careful check，Police determined，YangXiuZhen through a large number of borrow relatives、Friends of the id card，Open account，Engaged in foreign exchange trading illegal trade，One of the largest trading volume is the dollar and new Taiwan dollars，Involved in the billions of yuan RMB funds suspicious。However and have highly educated、Familiar with banking business is not the same as a Koch，YangXiuZhen only primary culture。Her home is one of the crime site，The simple ornament also greatly to the surprise of the police。

　　金宁飞告诉记者：他们那里摆设简单，它就是一张桌子，上面放着一些电话、传真机、点钞机相关的一些设备。

JinNingFei told reporters：They there decoration simple，It is a table，Put it on a few phone calls、Fax machine、Some of the equipment related banknote。

　　那么杨秀珍的客户又从何而来？

So YangXiuZhen customers and come from？

　　金宁飞告诉记者，这张表是找到的客户签单买卖，外汇客户的名字。这些客户只是所有六个地下钱庄客户一小部分，还有现在一小部分的客户没有去找。他们的客户大概总共有200多个。

JinNingFei told reporters，This form is to find customers sign of sales，Foreign exchange client's name。These customers just all six of the underground customers a small part，And now, a small portion of the customer not to find。Their customers probably has a total of more than 200。

　　金宁飞告诉记者，这些客户联系起来十分困难，有的客户为了怕麻烦宁可将银行户头里被冻结的资金放弃也不愿接受询问，这也给警方后期的取证工作造成了十分大的困难。而此时，有好消息从广州传来，客户联系工作取得了一些进展。

JinNingFei told reporters，These customers contact up very difficult，Some customers in order to bother would rather will my bank account to be frozen funds to give up to accept the inquiry，It also gives the police later forensics caused very big difficult。And right now，Have good news coming from guangzhou，Customer contact made some progress。

　　吴越前告诉记者，他们发现了主要有以下几种客户，一个其它的地下钱庄，第二个是贸易基础公司和企业，第三是一些房地产公司，第四是一些服装贸易商，第五是一些境内外的投资客户，第六是有些其它香港或台湾居民

The wu and yue told reporters before，They found basically has the following kinds of customers，One other underground，The second is a trade company and enterprise foundation，The third is some real estate company，The fourth is some clothing trade business，The fifth is some investment within the territory of the customer，The sixth, some other Hong Kong or Taiwan residents

　　警方告诉记者，除了一些利用地下钱庄走账达到非法目的的客户之外，还有相当一部分客户是出于正常贸易需求而选择地下钱庄进行交易。记者就曾联系上了一位通过地下钱庄进行汇款业务的台湾籍客户黄女士。

Police told reporters，In addition to some use ZouZhang underground to illegal purpose customers away，There have also been a part of the customer is out of normal trade demand and choose underground transactions。The reporter had contacted a through the underground remittance business customers for Taiwanese ms huang。

　　黄女士表示：因为现在政府规定，一个人一年只能换五万块钱美金。如果我是私人买卖的话，比如买房、买车或者需要投资，一下定很大资金的话，这些已经超出五万块钱的范围了。

Ms wong said：For now the government regulations，One year only for fifty thousand dollars。If I were private sales words，Such as buying a house、Buying a car or need to investment，Make a great words of funds，These is beyond the range of $fifty thousand。

　　在采访中，犯罪嫌疑人葛某告诉记者，他的客户大多都是在银行工作时积累的人脉关系，其中以民营企业据多。

In the interview，The criminal suspect a Koch told reporters，His clients are mostly in the bank work of accumulation of connections，Among them with private enterprise according to many。

　　葛某表示：从规模上讲，有中型企业，但是民营企业可能会比较多。

Gregory said a：Speaking from the scale，A medium-sized enterprise，But private enterprises may be more。

　　负责案件侦破的探长王勇告诉记者，地下钱庄多出现在外向型经济较发达的沿海地区，进行非法外汇交易的大部分是企业。除了低于银行的价格以外，手续便捷，没有汇款费用恐怕是吸引这些企业最大的原因。

Responsible for the case broke the inspector wang yong told reporters，Underground Banks appear more export-oriented economy in more developed coastal areas，Most of the foreign exchange trading illegally is enterprise。In addition to lower than the price of bank outside，Formalities convenient，No remittance charges I'm afraid is attracted to these enterprise biggest reasons。

　　王勇表示，从地下钱庄汇款可以向地下钱庄经营者提出要求，整个项目就一两个钟头就可以搞定，银行办理的时间不长，但是汇款到帐的时间需要两三天。

Wang yong said，From underground remittance can to underground operators requirements，The whole project is a two hour can fix，Bank for time is not long，But the remittance to his time need two or three days。

　　事实上从上世纪80年代开始，在沿海等经济发达地区就出现了地下钱庄的身影。但多年以来，地下钱庄并没有因为其非法性质而裹足不前，也没有因为政府的不断的打击而销声匿迹，反而我们看到规模越来越大的庞大组织。为什么会出现这样的局面呢？

In fact since the 1980 s，In the coastal economic developed area in the form of the underground。But for years，And because the underground no illegal properties and gets cold feet，No because the government's constantly blow and ritual，Instead, we see more and more large scale of the organization。Why is there such a situation？

　　近年来，随着我国经济发展的脚步逐渐加快，经济类案件也呈现出高发的态势。地下钱庄作为经济犯罪中的一种，由于涉及面广，危害大，上下游犯罪多，已经成为公安机关重点打击的对象。中国社科院金融研究所副研究员尹振涛(博客,微博)博士告诉记者，地下钱庄这类案件在这几年呈现出一个上升的趋势的原因主要有两点。

In recent years，Along with our country economy development steps to speed up gradually，Economic cases also presents the higher risk of situation。As the economic underground crime，Due to a wide range，Harm big，Upstream and downstream crime more，Public security organs have become key striking object。The Chinese academy of YinZhenTao associate researcher finance institute(blog,Micro bo), told reporters，Underground cases in this years show a rising trend of the major reason for this is two points。

　　尹振涛认为：本身因为我们的向外疏通财富的渠道太少，这就是我们民间金融大量的财富，在民间金融市场滚动的一个重要的原因。另一方面，就是我们谈到从需求角度讲，谁是民间金融或者说是地下钱庄最大的资金需求者，一个是民营企业、小企业和极需钱的个人，主要是这些。

YinZhenTao think：Itself because of our outside of the wealth of the dredge channel too little，This is our private finance a large amount of wealth，In the financial markets of folk rolling a important reason。On the other hand，We talked about is from demand point，Who is the private finance, or underground's largest capital demanders，One is the private enterprise、Small business and much needed money of the individual，Is the main。

　　与此同时，在尹振涛看来，地下钱庄的手续相比银行来讲，更加快捷，对于急需资金的中小企业，很多时候宁可选择担保手续简单，资金发放迅速的地下钱庄。

At the same time，In YinZhenTao seems，The formalities of underground than for the bank，Is more efficient，For the small and medium-sized enterprises are in urgent need of money，Many times would rather choose guarantee simple procedures，Fund release rapidly underground。

　　尹振涛认为：特别是小企业，本身现在的企业，就是靠的是流动资金，靠的资金的流转来运营，当银根紧缩的时候，当出现一些贸易问题的时候，这些地下钱庄来解决，它这样一些资金的需求。

YinZhenTao think：Especially small businesses，The enterprise itself now，Is by working capital，By the transfer of funds to operations，When credit-tightening，When there is some trade problem，These underground to solve，So some of the money it needs。

　　民营企业的资金需求特征常常表现为短、频、快，但风险较高，因而很难得到正规金融机构的支持。在不少需求者看来，地下钱庄手续便捷，信用可靠，甚至无需担保，解了他们的燃眉之急，却没有看到地下钱庄所带来的危害。

The private enterprise capital requirements of features is often seen as short、frequency、fast，But the risk is higher，So it is difficult to get the support of the formal financial institutions。In many demanders opinion，Underground formalities is convenient，Credit reliable，Even without the guarantee，The solution to their financial difficulty，But did not see the damage caused by underground。

　　尹振涛认为，对我们来说的是，货币政策的条款，对经济发展，指标的影响和管理，对外汇汇率的影响是非常大的。另一方面，很多的地下钱庄，从事的业务包括洗钱，包括汇率，这些业务其实跟腐败，跟犯罪有密切关联在一起。

YinZhenTao think，It is for us，Monetary policy，On economic development，The influence of the index and management，The influence of foreign exchange rate is very big。On the other hand，A lot of underground，The business including money laundering，Including exchange rates，These business actually with corruption，A close association with crime together。

　　而中国农业银行(601288,股吧)何志诚教授认为，除了某些银行一线工作人员对可疑资金辨别水平不足之外，也不排除某些银行为了揽储而放松监管的可能。

And the agriculture bank of China(601288,Shares it)HeZhiCheng professor considered，In addition to some bank a line of work staff suspicious money identify inadequate away，Also don't expel some bank in order to store and relax the regulation pulled may。

　　中国银行(601988,股吧)何志诚教授认为，我们很多金融机构呢，为了拉存款，为了维护好这个客户额资金经常来往，可能就是睁一只眼，闭一只眼。

The bank of China(601988,Shares it)HeZhiCheng professor considered，Many of our financial institutions，In order to pull deposit，In order to safeguard the client often travels from the forehead funds，May is sees with one eye，Close one eye。

　　对此，中国人民银行反洗钱局处长李劲说，各金融部门必须加强切实履行自己的职责，加强与工商、税务、公安等部门的合作，“堵”住地下钱庄的犯罪途径。

this，The people's bank of China LiJin anti-money-laundering bureau director said，Financial departments must strengthen earnestly perform their duties，Strengthen and industry and commerce、tax、The departments of public security cooperation，“plugging”Live underground crime way。

　　中国人民银行反洗钱局处长李劲：各个部门要把好自己的门，是要履行自己乐得职责，如果各分支机构和营业网点认真履行的这种职责，它的这种通过银行来转移资金这种现象就会初见减少或得到一定的控制。

The people's bank of China LiJin bureau director of money laundering：Each department want good own door，Is to perform their duties joy，If the branches and outlets of this earnestly perform their duties，This kind of its through the bank to transfer funds this phenomenon will reduce or get a first sight of the control。

　　地下钱庄存在的一个主要原因，在于一些上游犯罪分子通过地下钱庄跨境转移赃款和洗钱。公安机关工作中已发现，走私、贪污、贩毒、网络赌博、传销等各种犯罪活动的赃款通过地下钱庄流转。

Underground one of the major causes of existence，In some upstream crime molecules through the underground cross-border transfer money and money laundering。The public security organ has been found，smuggling、corruption、Drug trafficking、Internet gambling、MLM criminal activities such as the money through the underground flow。

　　地下钱庄从诞生之日起，就颇受争议。有人认为地下钱庄是扰乱金融秩序的罪魁祸首，有人则认为地下钱庄从某种意义上激活了民间资本。从法律意义上来讲，地下钱庄严重触犯了我国法律，应该得到严惩。但换一个角度我们也应该反思，为什么地下钱庄屡禁不止？是不是我们的金融部门还存在制度性漏洞？为什么诸多民间资本青睐地下钱庄？是不是他们的融资渠道没那么畅通？厘清这些问题并予以改进，我们才有可能从根源上遏制地下钱庄的发展。

Underground Banks from the day of birth，Is controversial。Some people think that underground is to disrupt the financial order culprit，Others think underground Banks from some kind of meaning activates the folk capital。From the legal sense，Underground serious breaking the law of our country，Should be severely punished。But change an Angle we also should reflect on，Why long-standing underground？The financial departments are we there are institutional holes？Why so many folk capital favour underground？If they were the financing channels of not so clear？To clarify the issue and be improved，We can be from the root of curb the development of underground。