2012年9月，中国《金融业发展和改革“十二五”规划》正式发布。“十二五”时期，我国国民经济正处结构调整的关键阶段，金融行业正处在重要的战略机遇期。金融“十二五”规划的出台，为未来五年的金融改革、金融深化和经济发展规划了蓝图，指明了方向，吹响了进军号。

In September of 2012,China[The financial industry development and reform"1025"planning]Issued a formal."1025"period,China's national economy structure adjustment are the key stage,Financial industry is in an important period of strategic opportunities.financial"1025"Planning come on stage,For the next five years of financial reform/Financial deepening and economic development planning the blueprint,Pointed out the direction,Blew JinJunHao.

　　加快市场化改革是金融“十二五”规划的主要基调。在未来五年中，我国将继续沿市场化方向，加快金融改革步伐和金融市场建设，稳步推进利率市场化、进一步完善人民币汇率形成机制改革，支持和引导民间资本进入金融领域。

To speed up the marketization reform is financial"1025"Planning of the main tone.In the next five years,China will continue to the market direction,Speed up financial reform pace and financial market construction,Steadily promote the development of interest rate marketization/To further improve the RMB exchange rate formation mechanism reform,Support and guide the development of the private capital into the financial sector.

　　提升对实体经济的服务水平是金融“十二五”规划的核心所在。进一步加大金融支持科技创新和经济结构调整的力度，支持国家创新体系建设，促进新能源、新材料等战略性新兴产业创新发展。发展消费信贷，支持扩大内需，促进国际收支基本平衡。加大对节能环保产业等战略性新兴产业、现代服务业、科技自主创新等领域的金融支持。提升对就业和再就业、助学、扶贫开发等环节的金融服务。深化农村金融改革，以服务“三农”为根本方向，充分发挥政策性金融、商业性金融和合作性金融的作用，构建多层次、多样化、适度竞争的农村金融服务体系。解决小微企业融资难问题，鼓励金融机构创新服务小微企业的金融产品和信贷模式。

To improve the service level of the real economy is financial"1025"The key of the planning.Further increase financial support for scientific and technological innovation and economic structural adjustment efforts,Support the construction of national innovation system,The promotion of new energy/New materials strategic emerging industry innovation and development.Development of consumer credit,Support to expand domestic demand,Promote basic equilibrium in the balance of payments.Strengthen the energy conservation and environmental protection industry and so on strategic emerging industry/Modern service industry/Science and technology independent innovation and other areas of financial support.To improve the employment and reemployment/student/Poverty relief development link of financial services.To deepen the financial reform in the rural areas,To serve"Agriculture, countryside and farmers"As the basic direction,Give full play to the policy finance/Commercial finance and cooperative financial function,Construct multi-level/diversification/Moderate competition of rural financial service system.To solve small micro enterprise financing difficult problem,To encourage financial institutions innovation service small micro enterprise financial products and credit model.

　　完善货币政策调控体系是金融“十二五”规划的重要内容。优化货币政策目标体系，正确处理好促进经济增长、保持物价稳定与防范金融风险之间的关系，合理调控货币信贷总量，保持合理的社会融资规模；健全货币政策操作体系，完善市场化的间接调控机制，逐步增强利率、汇率等价格杠杆的作用，推进货币政策从以数量型调控为主向以价格型调控为主转型；充分发挥再贷款、再贴现的作用，支持经济结构调整。

Perfect monetary policy regulation system is financial"1025"The important content of planning.Optimization of monetary policy target system,Correctly handle the economic growth/Keeping prices stable and guard against financial risks of the relationship between,Reasonable regulation and control currency credit amount,Keep reasonable social financing scale;Sound monetary policy operation system,Market indirect regulation mechanism,Escalate interest rates/Exchange rate and the role of price lever,Promoting monetary policy to control from quantitative to give priority to with price type regulation is given priority to transformation;Give full play to the refinancing/Rediscount role,Support economic structure adjustment.

　　加快金融体系建设是金融“十二五”规划的重要安排。推进政策性银行、大型商业银行、全国性股份制商业银行、地方中小银行、非银行金融机构等各类银行业金融机构分层配置、科学合理布局，加快建设和完善社区金融服务组织体系，完善农村金融组织体系。政策性银行建立和完善治理机制，坚持以政策性业务为主体。建设具有国际竞争力的大型商业银行。鼓励中小商业银行选择合理的市场定位。加快社区金融服务组织体系建设，促进地方中小商业银行更加专注于社区居民和小微企业金融服务。继续深化农村信用社改革，发挥其支农主力军作用。

Speed up financial system construction is financial"1025"Plan important arrangement.Promoting policy Banks/Large commercial Banks/National joint-stock commercial Banks/Local small and medium-sized Banks/Non-bank financial institutions and other kinds of banking financial institutions layered configuration/Scientific and reasonable layout,To speed up the construction and perfect community financial services organization system,To improve the rural financial organization system.Policy Banks to establish and perfect the management mechanism,Adhere to the policy business as the main body.Construction of internationally competitive large commercial bank.Encourage small and medium-sized commercial Banks to choose reasonable market position.To speed up the community financial services organization system construction,Promote the local small and medium-sized commercial Banks more focus on community residents and small micro enterprise financial services.Continue to deepen reform of rural credit cooperatives,Play the key roles support.

　　引导民间资本进入金融领域是金融“十二五”规划的关键环节。打破垄断，支持民间资本参与设立村镇银行和农村资金互助社等新型农村金融机构以及小额贷款公司。在加强监管、规范经营、防范风险的前提条件下，进一步加大民间资本参与金融服务的力度，增强其对“三农”和小微企业的服务能力。

Guiding non-governmental capital into the financial sector is financial"1025"The key link of planning.Break monopoly,Support the folk capital to participate in establishment of village bank and rural fund cooperatives and so on the new rural financial institutions and small loan companies.In strengthening the supervision of/Regulating the business/Guard against the risk of the premise condition,To further increase the folk capital to participate in the strength of financial services,To enhance its"Agriculture, countryside and farmers"And small micro enterprise service ability.

　　在金融“十二五”规划中，还首度设定了金融发展的总量指标和结构量化指标，即“十二五”时期，金融服务业增加值占国内生产总值比重保持在5%左右，到“十二五”期末，非金融企业直接融资占社会融资规模比重提高至15%以上。经济学家指出，在金融“十二五”规划中，将金融服务业增加值占国内生产总值比重目标定在5%左右，符合我国的国情。将非金融企业直接融资占社会融资规模比重提高至15%以上具有可行性，“十一五”时期这一比重平均为11.08%，2010年末，这一比重已经达到14%，因此，到2015年底超过15%应该是可以做到的。将直接融资目标列入金融“十二五”规划，显示了相关金融管理部门加快金融改革和结构调整的决心。

In the financial"1025"planning,Also the first set the amount of financial development index and structural quantitative index,namely"1025"period,Financial services sector accounted for the proportion of GDP remain at around 5%,to"1025"The final,Non-financial enterprises of our country direct financing accounted for the proportion of social financing scale increased to more than 15%.Economists say,In the financial"1025"planning,Will financial services sector accounted for the proportion of GDP aiming at around 5%,Conforms to our country national condition.Will non-financial enterprises of our country direct financing accounted for the proportion of social financing scale increased to more than 15% have feasibility,"11th five-year plan"The proportion of time for an average of 11.08%,By the end of 2010,The rate has reached 14%,therefore,By the end of 2015 more than 15% should be can do it.Direct financing will be included in the financial goals"1025"planning,Display the relevant financial management department to speed up financial reform and structure adjustment determination.

　　金融“十二五”规划还强调了建立适合我国国情的金融机构破产法律体系，规范金融机构市场退出程序，建立存款保险制度。在利率市场化改革不断推进、金融机构更多转向服务中小企业和“三农”等领域、中小金融机构发展迅速的新形势下，建立和完善存款保险制度等金融风险防范体系对于我国经济发展和金融稳定具有非常重要的现实意义。

financial"1025"Planning also stressed the establish suitable for China's national conditions of financial institutions bankruptcy legal system,Standard financial institutions market withdrawal program,The establishment of a deposit insurance system.In the market-oriented interest rate reform/More financial institutions to small and medium-sized enterprises and service"Agriculture, countryside and farmers", etc/Small and medium-sized financial institutions under the new situation of rapid development,To establish and perfect the deposit insurance system, financial risk prevention system for China's economic development and financial stability has very important practical significance.

　　（作者单位：中国人民银行研究局）

(The author unit:The people's bank of China research)