[ 县域金融体系的重构应以满足经济发展中对金融服务需求为前提，充分发挥县域金融主体中的内在动力 ]

[county financial system should be reconstructed in order to meet the economic development of financial service needs as the prerequisite,Give full play to the county financial main body the inherent power]

　　长期以来，中国金融体系的改革基本是以城市为主体展开的，县域金融体系受到的关注相对较少。以城市为主体的中国金融体系改革所取得的成绩显然，但在特定的角度和范围内来看，实际上则是以牺牲县域和农村金融为代价的，不少国有银行在股份制改革的初期都是以大规模撤并县或者县以下机构为改革起步的。从而导致县域金融有效供给严重不足、县域金融体系的格局单一、金融机构资源配置功能缺失等问题突出。总体来看，目前中国县域金融体系主要商业性金融、政策性金融和合作性金融，以及民间金融共同构成了中国的县域金融供给格局。

For a long time,The reform of China's financial system is basically city as the main body of the expansion,County financial system is relatively less attention.With the city as the main body of China's financial system reform achievement obviously,But in certain Angle and range to see,In fact is sacrifice county and rural finance as the price,A lot of state-owned Banks in the early stages of the reform to introduce the shareholding system in large scale merger of county or the county the following institutions for reform start.Which leads to a serious shortage of county financial effective supply/County financial system of single pattern/Financial institutions, such as resource allocation function lack problems.overall,At present Chinese county financial system main commercial finance/Policy finance and financial cooperation in finance,And the folk finance together constitute the county financial supply pattern.

　　基于此，县域金融体系的重构应以满足经济发展中对金融服务需求为前提，充分发挥县域金融主体中的内在动力，从县域金融体系的服务功能稳定入手，构建出与我国县域经济发展相互协调、相互促进的县域金融体系。

Based on this,County financial system should be reconstructed in order to meet the economic development of financial service needs as the prerequisite,Give full play to the county financial main body of the inner power,The county from the financial system stability of service function,Construct and the development of county economy coordination/Promote each other county financial system.

　　强化国有商业性金融县域服务功能 Strengthen state-owned commercial financial county service function

　　充分发挥国有商业性金融在县域地区的主渠道作用，加强对县域经济的信贷支持。

Give full play to the state-owned commercial financial in county area a role of main channel,To strengthen the county economy credit support.

　　国家可以为县域地区的国有商业银行机构制定具体服务职责，要求按其存款来源一定比例履行其服务县域经济的职能，明确规定县域地区银行机构在城乡的资金信贷比例，以此来缓解县域资金大量外流的问题，强化国有商业性金融的县域服务功能。

The state may county area for the state-owned commercial bank institutions formulate concrete service responsibility,Request according to the sources of deposit a certain proportion to fulfill its service function of the county economy,Specific provision county regional Banks agencies in urban and rural capital credit proportion,In order to alleviate the problem of outflow of funds a large number of the county,Strengthen state-owned commercial financial county service function.

　　借助国家对县域经济大力支持的发展良机，为其积极调整信贷结构创造有利条件，将信贷资金投向县域优势产业和优势企业，优化信贷投向结构，提升信贷资金的配置效率。

With the aid of countries to support the development of county economy of the opportunity,For its actively adjust the credit structure to create favorable conditions,Will the credit fund in the county advantage industry and advantages of enterprise,To optimize the credit structure,Improve the credit capital allocation efficiency.

　　强化县域金融创新，加大对县域中小企业的信贷支持，积极试行贷款承诺的授信方式，有效减少银企双方的信息不对称，加强对中小企业的资金使用进行监督，开创县域地区银企合作的良性循环局面。

Strengthen the county financial innovation,Strengthen the county small and medium-sized enterprise credit support,Positive for trial implementation of the credit loan commitment way,Effectively reduce the fact the information asymmetry,Small and medium-sized enterprises to strengthen the supervision of using the capital,Create a county area argues the virtuous cycle of cooperation situation.

　　将合作性金融改革为县域金融体系的主力军 The cooperative financial reform for the main force of the county financial system

　　根据发达国家的金融改革经验，合作金融存在的必要性和发展的空间在于：弱势群体可以通过团体合作、资金联合的方式，实现互助，解决单个用户不易解决的经济问题。基于此，应继续发挥信用社在县域地区的主力军作用，强化对县域经济体中弱势群体的金融服务。积极探索尝试金融改革模式：

According to the developed country financial reform experience,The necessity of financial cooperation and the development of space is:Vulnerable groups can through the group cooperation/Capital joint way,Realize mutual,A single user solve difficult to solve the economic problems.Based on this,Should continue to play credit cooperatives in the county area of the main force action,Strengthen county economies vulnerable groups of financial services.Actively explore try to financial reform mode:

　　农村信用社应考虑自身发展需要和县域地区金融优势，探索改革成为县域商业银行，在满足其服务“三农”的同时，为县域工、商企业、个体经营户提供资金信贷，在实现利润最大化的商业目标的同时，促进县域地区产业结构的优化与调整。

Rural credit cooperatives should consider their own development needs and county regional financial advantage,To explore the reform of commercial Banks become county,To meet the service"Agriculture, countryside and farmers"At the same time,Work for county/Business enterprise/Individual businesses to provide capital credit,To maximize profits in the business goals, and at the same time,The county region to promote the optimization of the industrial structure and adjustment.

　　有效地将股份制经营形式与农村信用社特有的经营优势相结合，将县域农户和个体私营企业以资金使用权作为股份进行投资入股，由资格股和投资股共同组织成为县域股份合作制信用社，在充分发挥合作金融优势的基础上，能够在更大范围内实现对农户、个体工商企业提供金融服务。

Effectively will stock operation form and the unique advantage of management of rural credit cooperatives combination,The county peasant households and individual private enterprises with funds invest in use as shares,The qualification shares and investment shares common organization become county joint-stock system of credit cooperatives,In give full play to the advantages of cooperative finance based on,Can be realized in a larger area of farmers/Individual and industrial and commercial enterprise to provide financial services.

　　充分发挥农村信用社在县域地区机构网点较多、空间布局广泛等优点，可以开展代理政策性金融机构在县域内的资金信贷业务，采用信贷资金管理方式来对县域扶贫资金进行有效监管，在强化政策性金融服务县域经济的同时，提高政策性信贷资金的运用效益。

Give full play to the rural credit cooperatives in the county area more outlets/Space layout widely etc,Can carry on the agency policy financial institutions in the county in the capital credit business,The capital credit management mode to county poverty relief funds for effective supervision,In strengthening the policy financial services of county economy at the same time,Improve policy credit funds of the using efficiency.

　　健全多层次的政策性金融服务体系 Perfect multi-level policy financial service system

　　在县域经济发展中，政策性金融将扮演重要的金融服务角色，可以弥补商业性金融机构对支农服务功能的不足，引导商业性金融信贷支持参与县域重点涉农企业和农业现代化的开发和培育，充分发挥政策性金融的扶持性和引导性功能。

In the county economic development,Policy finance will play important role in financial services,Can make up for commercial financial institutions to support the shortage of the service function,Guide commercial credit financing support to participate in key county agriculture enterprise and the development of agricultural modernization and fostering,Give full play to the policy financial supportive and guide the sexual function.

　　农业发展银行在满足国有粮油流通环节信贷服务的同时，及时拓展农业政策性金融的服务范围，加大对涉农开发生产环节和农业产业化、农业科技、农业市场服务等领域的资金信贷服务，充分发挥对农业经济发展的政策支持作用。

Agricultural development bank in meet the state-owned grain circulation link credit services at the same time,Timely expand agricultural policy financial service range,Strengthen the agriculture development and production process and the industrialization of agriculture/Agricultural science and technology/Agricultural market service and other areas of capital credit service,To give full play to agricultural economic development policy support effect.

　　针对县域中小企业融资难的问题，探索建立专门扶持县域中小企业发展的政策性金融，即县域中小企业发展银行。

According to the county small and medium-sized enterprise financing difficult problem,To explore the county set up specialized support small and medium-sized enterprise development policy financial,Namely county small and medium-sized enterprise development bank.

　　发挥商业性金融股份制经营优势和政策性金融的扶持引导优势的有效结合，通过政策性金融机构合理提供信贷担保来引导商业性金融机构参与县域地区政策性金融的业务活动，加强商业性金融与政策性金融的互补合作。

Play commercial financial stock operation advantages and policy financial support guide the advantages of effective combination,Through the reasonable policy financial institutions to provide credit guarantee to guide commercial financial institutions to participate in county area policy financial business activities,Strengthen the commercial finance and policy finance complementary cooperation.

　　大力发展新型农村金融机构 To develop a new type of rural financial institutions

　　大力发展新型农村金融机构，建立多元化、多层次、适度竞争的农村金融市场，缓解农村金融市场资金紧张的难题，加快培育和规范发展村镇银行、农村资金互助社和小额贷款公司等新型农村金融。

To develop a new type of rural financial institutions,Establish a diversified/multi-level/Moderate competition of rural financial market,Ease rural financial market funds problem,Accelerate the growth and standardize development bank villages and towns/The rural mutual cooperatives and small loan companies, such as the new type of rural financial.

　　积极引导村镇银行立足县域，服务“三农”、服务社区，探索建立灵活、便利的信贷管理与服务模式。

Actively guide town bank based on county,service"Agriculture, countryside and farmers"/Community service,Explore establishing flexible/Easy credit management and service mode.

　　充分发挥农村资金互助社信任优势明显、道德风险较小，满足农民短期小额信贷需求的优越，规范发展农村资金互助社，填补县域正规金融机构服务的空白，缓解县域农民的信贷需求与有效金融供给不足的矛盾。

Give full play to the rural mutual cooperatives trust obvious advantages/Moral risk smaller,To satisfy the farmer to short-term microfinance demand is superior,Regulate the development of rural fund cooperatives,Fill county normal financial services of blank,Ease county farmers' credit demand and effective financial supply contradictions.

　　利用小额贷款公司经营模式的灵活性，抓住承载民营经济多元化或转型的机遇，可适当放开、搞活小额贷款公司在县域地区金融服务业务的创新，加快建立有竞争力的多元化农村金融市场。县域政府要配合好金融监管机构在合理引导小额贷款公司开展相关业务的同时，积极扶持其不断发展壮大，并选择具有一定规模和经营业绩的小额贷款公司向村镇银行转型。

Use small loan companies operating mode flexibility,Seize bearing private economic diversification or transformation of the opportunity,Can be appropriately open/Enliven the small loan companies in county area financial services business innovation,To speed up the establishment of a competitive rural financial market diversification.County government should coordinate with the good financial regulators in the guide rational small loan companies to carry out related business at the same time,Actively support the constant development and expansion,And choose a certain scale and business performance of small loans to Banks transformation villages.

　　整合和培育地方性专业银行机构 The integration and cultivate local professional banking institutions

　　地方性银行倾向于为县域经济发展提供更加直接和明显的金融支持，在为县域中小企业提供金融服务方面具有信息上的优势，往往会成为县域中小企业外部融资的重要渠道。因此，可以考虑建立地域性开发银行和中小企业促进银行。

Local Banks tend to provide for the county economic development is more direct and obvious financial support,For small and medium enterprises in the county to provide financial services has the advantage of information,Often will become county small and medium-sized enterprise external financing important channel.therefore,Can consider to establish regional development Banks and small and medium-sized enterprise to promote the bank.

　　通过地方政府出资建立地方政策性银行，专门为县域地区金融硬环境的改善和基础设施的建设提供信贷支持，有效弥补国家开发银行对广大县域地区重大项目和相关设施建设的信贷缺失。

Through the local government investment to establish local policy Banks,Specifically for county regional financial the main improvement and infrastructure construction to provide credit support,Effectively make up for the state development bank to the county area major projects and related facilities construction of the lack of credit.

　　积极探索在县域地区培育和发展地方性的中小企业促进银行，专门提供县域中小企业的信贷服务支持，同时为其他金融机构提供信贷担保的地方性银行机构。

Actively explore the county area in cultivating and developing local small and medium-sized enterprise to promote the bank,Special offer county small and medium-sized enterprise credit service support,At the same time for other financial institutions to provide credit guarantee local banking institutions.

　　考虑成立专门为县域中小企业提供融资服务以及开展个人理财服务的股份制商业银行，由政府财政专项拨款和中小企业、个体工商户、个人集资人股而成立的县域中小股份制商业银行。

To set up a special consideration for the county small and medium-sized enterprises to provide financing services and carry out personal financial management services joint-stock commercial bank,The government financial earmarks and small and medium-sized enterprises/Individual and industrial and commercial door/Personal financing people share and established the county small and medium-sized joint-stock commercial bank.

　　规范和引导非银行类金融机构 The standard and guide the non-bank financial institutions in the class

　　县域金融体系的重构应该在搞活民间非正规金融的同时，规范和引导非银行类机构的发展。

County financial system should be reconstructed in enliven the folk non-regular finance at the same time,The standard and guide the development of non-banking institutions.

　　典当行作为对正规金融机构服务功能的重要补充，是县域地区社会融资体系中的重要组成部分，为缓解县域中小企业贷款难做出了应有的贡献。县域政府和金融监管机构应该对典当行经营进行得当的监管，对其业务的顺利开展给予引导和扶持，对明显高利贷行为要进行遏制和打击。

Pawnshop as to formal financial institutions important supplement of the service function,The county region is social financing system is an important component in the,In order to alleviate the county small and medium-sized enterprise loan difficult made due contributions.County government and financial regulators should pawnshop business for proper supervision,The business smoothly give guidance and support,For obvious usury behavior to restrain and strike.

　　探索采用政府出资的方式设立中小企业担保公司，以扶持中小企业为己任，有效提升中小企业的信用等级，使其更加容易通过银行渠道获得信贷资金。

To explore the way of government funds set up small and medium-sized enterprise guarantee company,To support small and medium-sized enterprise as our duty,Enhance the small and medium-sized enterprise credit rating,Make it more easily through the bank credit funds sources.

　　针对县域地区企业财务状况和整体信用水平偏低的状况，积极发挥信托投资公司的独特作用，引导信托资金投向县域主导产业和产业结构调整项目中，满足企业多元化的金融服务需求。（作者单位：国家发改委国际合作中心）

County area in an enterprise's financial position and overall credit level somewhat low status,To give full play to the unique role of trust and investment companies,Guide the trust fund in the county leading industry and industrial structure adjustment programs,Meet enterprise diversified financial service needs.(The author unit:The national development and reform commission international cooperation center)