国际投行纷纷大幅裁员，伦敦金融城成重灾区。

International investment Banks have massive layoffs,City of London into the worst-hit areas.

　　文/特约记者天意、卜怡佳 发自伦敦

Wen/stringer providence/BuYiJia originated in London

　　10月30日，飓风“桑迪”席卷美国东海岸，就在同一天，瑞银集团伦敦办公室也应景地进行了飓风式的大裁员，前一天还正常上班的员工突然发现自己的门卡已经失效，并收到一封信告知他们开始了“特别假期”，直到公司有进一步的通知。这封信里还警告这些员工，在“特别假期”期间，不准踏足公司地界一步，也不准借瑞银的名义与任何客户往来。

October 30,,hurricane"sandy"Across east coast of the United States,On the same day,Ubs London offices on the occasion of the storm type big layoffs,The day before also normal work staff suddenly found himself door card has failure,And received a letter told they started"Special holiday",Until further notice.The letter also warned that these employees,in"Special holiday"period,No company on the step,Also not borrow the name of ubs with any of the customers.

　　在Twitter上，瑞银一下子成了最为热门的话题。英国《每日电讯报》当天对此事的报道则用了一个有意思的标题：进不了公司大门，瑞银伦敦员工涌向酒吧。

In the Twitter,Ubs instantly became the most popular topic.British[Daily telegraph]On the day it is reported in an interesting title:Can't get into the company gate,Ubs London staff flocked to the bar.

　　“瘦身”计划相继浮出

"Thin body"Plan come one after another

　　交易员们一般上班都很早，7点多到公司实属正常，而伦敦深秋的早晨，寒气依然在空气里飘荡，不肯散去。不能进公司，又不想不明不白地回家，万般无奈之下，这些冻得瑟瑟发抖的交易员只得到公司附近的一个酒吧去打发时间。说来也巧，UBS大楼边上正好有一家早上8点就开门的酒吧，于是那天早上，这家酒吧就成了UBS交易员们买酒聊天发牢骚的地方。当UBS大裁员的消息在几十分钟内传遍金融城后，甚至还有金融猎头闻讯赶来酒吧收取简历。这种情况，在2008年9月雷曼兄弟倒闭后还不曾出现过。

Traders are usually go to work early,7 o 'clock to the company is normal,But London late autumn morning,Cold is still in the air floating,Refused to disperse.Could not enter the company,And don't want to an unexplained home,All but under,These frozen to the trembling traders only got the company a nearby bar to pass the time.Qiao said to have,UBS building just on the edge of a morning eight o 'clock to open the door of the bar,So that morning,The bar became UBS traders buy wine chat whine place.When the news of UBS big layoffs in a few minutes after throughout the city,There are even financial headhunting rushed to resume bar charge.This kind of situation,In September 2008 after lehman brothers collapse has not appeared.

　　瑞银集团10月30日公布三季报时宣布，在2015年前裁员1万人，这是2008年金融危机爆发以来的最大裁员举措之一。

Ubs announced on October 30, three quarterly report on Thursday,2015 years ago in 10000 jobs,It is 2008 years since the outbreak of the financial crisis the biggest job cuts one of measures.

　　瑞银的裁员源自它正在进行的结构性改革。四年前雷曼兄弟轰然倒下，投行业务所面临的风险一夜之间暴露在了阳光底下，越发严格的监管是必走之途，这给各大投行施了紧箍咒。人们也开始重新讨论拆分银行的传统业务部门和投行部门，这逐渐成为银行业改革的方向之一，而英国政府对这一趋势持赞同态度。

Ubs of job cuts from its ongoing structural reform.Four years ago lehman brothers crashing down,Investment banking risk faced by the overnight exposure in the sun,The more strict regulation is the only road will be,This gives each big investment Banks with a magic spells.People also began to discuss the resolution of traditional bank business department and investment banking department,It has become one of the direction of the banking reform,The British government to this trend favour.

　　瑞银集团这次顺应潮流走出了尝试性的一步，所裁减的一万人中大部分就来自于投行部门。瑞银首席执行官塞尔吉奥·埃尔默蒂（Sergio Ermotti）制定的发展战略是，削减麻烦不断的投行业务，将重点放在全球财富管理和国内零售银行业务。事实上，瑞银之前还考虑过将投行部门完全关闭。而伦敦作为全球金融中心，这里的银行家们掌握着近一半的欧洲投资银行业务。立誓缩减投行业务的瑞银集团这次自然把裁员的快刀落在了伦敦员工身上，这里有超过1000名的瑞银员工将会失去工作。

Ubs this go with the stream out of the tentative step,The cut of the ten thousand people who are most will come from investment banking department.Ubs CEO sergio Elmer's(Sergio Ermotti)Formulate the development strategy is,Cut troubled investment banking,Focus on the global wealth management and the domestic retail banking.In fact,Ubs before considered investment banking department fully closed.And London as a global financial centre,The bankers holds nearly half of the European investment bank business.Take an oath reduced investment banking of ubs the nature of the job cuts a sharp sword fell in the London on his staff,There are more than 1000 ubs employees will lose their jobs.

　　也难怪银行家、交易员们开始紧张。UBS当天宣布的裁员人数是一万，虽然是在未来三年内逐步完成，却已经是这几年来金融城宣布的最大数目的裁员。UBS的“难兄难弟”、瑞士另一家大银行瑞士信贷银行（Credit Suisse）去年曾宣布裁员3500人，当时已经是个令人震惊的数字，然而有知情人士透露，瑞信正在考虑继续削减约20亿瑞士法郎（合21亿美元）的成本。若此消息属实，那么瑞信再裁掉2000人也不奇怪。

Also no wonder that bankers/Traders began to nervous.UBS announced the day jobs is ten thousand,Although it is in the next three years gradually finish,Is this for several years the city announced the maximum number of job cuts.UBS"Fellow sufferers"/Another big Swiss bank credit suisse bank(Credit Suisse)Last year, he had to shed 3500 jobs,It was a shocking number,However, people close to the situation said,Credit suisse is considering continue to cut about 2 billion Swiss francs(Us $2.1 billion)cost.If the news is true,So red letter to lay off 2000 people is no surprise.

　　与此同时，随着各家银行三季报的陆续出炉，更多的欧洲金融机构的“瘦身”计划也相继浮出水面，尽管一些大型银行的业绩显示其投行业务的复苏要明显好于传统业务，但不少银行意识到大势不可违，因此裁员时依然拿投行部门开刀。就在瑞银把员工们挡在大门外的同一天，德意志银行也宣布，将裁减1993名员工，尽管德意志银行投行业务三季度增长65%，那些最先卷铺盖回家的员工还是来自于这里。荷兰国际集团发布三季报后也表示，将在旗下投资银行部门裁员1000人。

meanwhile,As the Banks of the three quarterly report released in succession,More European financial institutions"Thin body"Plan one after another surface,Although some big Banks performance shows its investment banking recovery was better from the traditional business,But many Banks realized half not violations,So when jobs are still take investment banking department operation.In the ubs employees to stand in the gate on the same day,Deutsche bank also announced,Will cut 1993 employees,Although the deutsche bank investment banking third quarter growth of 65%,The first pack up and go home staff or from here.The Dutch international group released after three quarterly report also said,Will be in its investment bank department cut 1000 jobs.

　　英国本地的金融机构也没能幸免。苏格兰皇家银行在今年年初就宣布，计划未来三年裁员3500人，公司旗下的投行业务年初已宣告待价而沽。而巴克莱银行也在10月下旬公布，将在欧非中东证券部门中裁员近10%。

British local financial institutions also failed to escape by luck.Royal bank of Scotland announced earlier this year,Plan for the future three years cut 3500 jobs,The company's investment banking has been declared at the beginning of occupying.And barclays bank also announced in late October,In the Middle East will not securities department layoffs nearly 10%.

　　英国著名智库经济与商业研究中心（CEBR）在分析金融机构大裁员的原因时提到，整体经济萎靡造成的交易量下降，以及商业活动陷入低潮带来的兼并收购、IPO等融资活动的停滞，是导致金融机构大裁员的最根本原因。

A famous British think-tank economic and business research center(CEBR)On the analysis of the cause of the financial institutions that big layoffs,The overall economy caused by the decline in trading volume,And commercial activities in low water brought merger and acquisition/IPO financing activities such as the stagnation,Is lead to financial institutions large downsizing of the most fundamental reasons.

　　数据显示，仅2012年初到现在，金融城的股票交易量就下跌了20%，债券交易量下跌了三分之一，就连伦敦一向引以为豪的外汇交易量也下跌了5% （伦敦的外汇交易量已经超过纽约很长时间）。企业融资方面，2012年第三季度，英国国内的兼并收购活动减少了29%，而在伦敦主板市场上，称得上大规模的IPO活动只有一项，就是RBS在欧盟的压力下，剥离旗下的保险业务集团Direct Line并将之上市。换句话说，要没有欧盟介入，今年伦敦主板市场的IPO跟吃了“零蛋”差不多。

Data display,Only at the beginning of 2012 to now,The city stock volume plunged 20%,Bond trading down a third,Even London has always been proud of foreign exchange trading also fell 5% (London's foreign trade volume has more than New York for a long time).Enterprise financing issues,In the third quarter of 2012,Britain's merger and acquisition activity decreased by 29%,While in London on the main board market,Be called large-scale IPO activity is only one,RBS is under pressure from the eu,Stripping its insurance business group Direct Line and listed.In other words,Without the intervention,This year the London main board market IPO to eat"bagel"almost.

　　在金融城，银行家、交易员们都是靠商业活动和交易量吃饭的。而当他们赖以生存的经济活动陷入低迷时，他们中的很多人也只好走人。

In the city,bankers/Traders are commercial activities and volume of the dinner.And when they live in the economic activities of the downturn in,Many of them also had to leave.

　　银行一夜之间关闭某个部门的做法毕竟是比较少见的。他们更常用的策略是“新陈代谢”。欧洲知名咨询猎头公司Veni Partners近日发布报告称，为了降低成本，在并购、咨询等其他领域，预计多数银行将趋向雇用薪资较低、资历更年轻的员工。这种业务模式将导致银行业人才流失，但却能产生积极的经济效用。事实上，对于那些刚刚被裁的银行员工来说，如果愿意屈就，或许不难在他处找到一个酬劳较少的岗位。

The bank closed overnight a department practice, after all, is a rare.They are more commonly used strategies are"metabolism".The leading European consulting head-hunting company Veni Partners) recently released the report says,In order to reduce the cost,In m&a/Consulting and other fields,Most Banks would be expected to employ low salary/More young staff qualifications.This kind of business model will lead to the brain drain of the banking industry,But can also produce positive economic utility.In fact,For those who had been cut for the bank employee,If you would like to go,Perhaps it is not difficult to elsewhere to find a less paid jobs.

　　普华永道伦敦的一位合伙人对此有非常精辟的评论。他说：“投资银行有两种办法来削减他们高昂的人工成本：裁员，或者用低薪的初级员工取代高薪的老员工。”

Pricewaterhousecoopers (PWC) London a partner have a very incisive comments.He said:"Investment Banks have two kinds of measures to cut their high labor costs:layoffs,Or use low paid primary staff to replace the old employees high salary."

　　伦敦金融中心地位受威胁

London's financial center position threatened

　　2008年金融危机以来，伦敦金融业的从业人员规模就在不断下降，但是随着行业环境的持续低迷，恐怕裁员的浪潮还远没有到平息的时候。

Since the financial crisis in 2008,The London financial employees will continue to drop,But as the industry environment of continuous downturn,I'm afraid the wave of layoffs is far from to quell the time.

　　CEBR在11月6日发布的一份报告中悲观地预测，伦敦金融城将在2013年继续裁员13000人，2014年虽会有所好转，也只不过是少裁点人而已。届时，金融城员工总数将跌至236494人，为1993年以来的最低点。

On November 6, CEBR released a report pessimistically prediction,The city of London in 2013 continue to cut 13000 jobs,Although 2014 will be better,Also is just a little cut point person.the,The city employees will fall to 236494 people,For their lowest since 1993.

　　这是很可怕的数字。要知道，在金融危机之前的2007年，金融城员工总数达到了354134人的历史最高点，而这个数字到今年只剩下249512人。也就是说，短短五年时间，金融城员工人数减少了近30%。仅此一项，英国政府每年就少收数亿英镑的个人所得税。因此，裁员不仅仅是金融城的坏消息，也是整个英国经济的坏消息。

This is very terrible number.Want to know,Before the financial crisis in 2007,The city a total of 354134 employees of the record,And this number to this year only 249512 people.that,Just five years,The number of employees city dropped by nearly 30%.That a,The British government each year hundreds of millions of pounds gathered little personal income tax.so,Downsizing is not only the city of bad news,The whole of the UK economy is bad news.

　　当前的伦敦，其金融服务公司面临着严格监管，而欧债危机更使得这个老牌金融城雪上加霜。更令人头疼的是，今年英国银行业丑闻频发，严重影响到了伦敦金融城的声誉和当地金融机构的业绩：包括巴克莱在内的多家银行卷入操纵伦敦银行同业拆借利率（LIBOR）丑闻，与此同时汇丰和渣打则面临着洗钱指控。可以说伦敦作为世界金融中心的地位正受到前所未有的威胁。

The London,The financial services companies face strict supervision,And the debt crisis more make the old city add insult to injury.The more headache is,Britain's banking industry this year frequent scandal,The serious influence to the city of London's reputation and the performance of local financial institutions:Including barclays, many Banks involved in control London interbank offered rate(LIBOR)scandal,At the same time HSBC and standard chartered bank is faced with money-laundering charges.Can say London as the world financial center position is receiving unprecedented threat.

　　CEBR最新发布报告指出，一连串的裁员、奖金锐减将使得伦敦把全球金融之都的头衔让位于纽约，而紧随其后的香港将在2015年前把伦敦挤到第三位。美国媒体对此评论认为，这是CEBR自1998年开始做此类调查以来，首次出现伦敦金融地位下降的情况，这反映了经济“向东转移”的趋势。另外，与当前华尔街薪酬反弹形成对比的是，今年伦敦金融行业的年终奖总规模预计将下降到16亿英镑，人均为6400英镑，仅为2008年时的五分之一。

The latest release CEBR report,A series of layoffs/Bonus cut will make London the capital of global title let is located in New York,And followed by Hong Kong will be in 2015 years ago the London crowded to the third place.The American media comment that,This is CEBR since 1998 to do this research since,The first time the London financial status of the decline,It reflects the economic"Eastward transfer"trend.In addition,With Wall Street currently pay rebound by contrast,This year the London financial industry award total scale is expected to drop to 1.6 billion pounds,Per capita for 6400 pounds,Only one 5 of the 2008.

　　我们不得不承认，银行业——这个英国最大的输出产业以及英国政府12%的税收来源正面临着危险的局面。

We have to admit that,Banking - the UK's largest industrial output and the British government 12% of revenue sources are facing a dangerous situation.