引言 introduction

　　就业难的问题是中国学界和社会普遍关注的焦点问题。当下大学生的就业难问题更是就业问题中的重中之重。造成大学生就业难的原因是多方面的，那么在严峻的就业形势下，大学生如何摆脱就业困境成为亟待解决的问题。　　

The problem of employment is the Chinese academic circle and social common problems the focus of attention.The university student's employment difficult problem is the most important problem of employment.Cause university student gets employed in the difficult reason is various,So in the severe employment situation,How to get rid of college students employment difficulties become a urgent problem to be solved.

　　进入21世纪以来，随着高校招生规模的不断扩大和高等教育大众化的到来，高校毕业生的就业形势日益严峻。在如此严峻的就业形势下，大学生面临着新旧就业观念的冲击碰撞和人生价值的重新定向。作为一名即将面临就业的在校大学生，了解、分析当前的就业形势，树立科学正确的就业观几乎成为所有大学生不得不考虑的问题。

In the 21st century,With the constant expansion of college enrollment and higher education popularization arrival,In the employment of the college graduates situation becomes increasingly serious.In such a severe employment situation,University students are confronted with the new and old concepts in employment impact collisions and the value of life again orientation.As a will face the employment of the college students,understand/The analysis of the current employment situation,To establish the scientific correct their almost all the students have to consider the question.

　　2012年7月12日，我们安徽师范大学"高校毕业生就业方式和就业观念变化的调查研究"团队赴安徽省16地市进行为期12天的调研活动落下帷幕。我们在安徽省合肥市、芜湖市、黄山市等地进行了深入地实地考察，并随机调查了不同年龄阶段、不同学历、不同就业观念的人群，结合调研活动前期的调查问卷，对当前就业形势和就业观念的变化做出了详细的分析。在此特别感谢院团委书记余妍霞老师、团队指导老师赵全胜等对活动的全程指导，以及各地实地采访人员的鼎力支持与帮助。　　

On July 12, 2012,We anhui normal university"The employment of college graduates way and the employment idea change research"Team to 16 cities in anhui province for 12 days of research activities to drop the curtain.We in hefei, anhui/wuhu/Huangshan city, carried on thoroughly the on-the-spot investigation,And random survey the different age stages/Different degree/Different people's employment concept,Combined with the survey questionnaire,On the current employment situation and employment the change of the idea to make a detailed analysis.In this special thanks to school youth corps committee secretary YuYan nepheline teacher/The team ZhaoQuanSheng teacher on the activities of the whole guidance,And various field of ac-quisitioning personnel, your kind effort support and help.

　　就业难的问题是中国学界和社会普遍关注的焦点问题。当下大学生的就业难问题更是就业问题中的重中之重。造成大学生就业难的原因是多方面的，那么在严峻的就业形势下，大学生如何摆脱就业困境成为亟待解决的问题。　　

The problem of employment is the Chinese academic circle and social common problems the focus of attention.The university student's employment difficult problem is the most important problem of employment.Cause university student gets employed in the difficult reason is various,So in the severe employment situation,How to get rid of college students employment difficulties become a urgent problem to be solved.

　　进入21世纪以来，随着高校招生规模的不断扩大和高等教育大众化的到来，高校毕业生的就业形势日益严峻。在如此严峻的就业形势下，大学生面临着新旧就业观念的冲击碰撞和人生价值的重新定向。作为一名即将面临就业的在校大学生，了解、分析当前的就业形势，树立科学正确的就业观几乎成为所有大学生不得不考虑的问题。

In the 21st century,With the constant expansion of college enrollment and higher education popularization arrival,In the employment of the college graduates situation becomes increasingly serious.In such a severe employment situation,University students are confronted with the new and old concepts in employment impact collisions and the value of life again orientation.As a will face the employment of the college students,understand/The analysis of the current employment situation,To establish the scientific correct their almost all the students have to consider the question.

　　2012年7月12日，我们安徽师范大学“高校毕业生就业方式和就业观念变化的调查研究”团队赴安徽省16地市进行为期12天的调研活动落下帷幕。我们在安徽省合肥市、芜湖市、黄山市等地进行了深入地实地考察，并随机调查了不同年龄阶段、不同学历、不同就业观念的人群，结合调研活动前期的调查问卷，对当前就业形势和就业观念的变化做出了详细的分析。在此特别感谢院团委书记余妍霞老师、团队指导老师赵全胜等对活动的全程指导，以及各地实地采访人员的鼎力支持与帮助。

On July 12, 2012,We anhui normal university"The employment of college graduates way and the employment idea change research"Team to 16 cities in anhui province for 12 days of research activities to drop the curtain.We in hefei, anhui/wuhu/Huangshan city, carried on thoroughly the on-the-spot investigation,And random survey the different age stages/Different degree/Different people's employment concept,Combined with the survey questionnaire,On the current employment situation and employment the change of the idea to make a detailed analysis.In this special thanks to school youth corps committee secretary YuYan nepheline teacher/The team ZhaoQuanSheng teacher on the activities of the whole guidance,And various field of ac-quisitioning personnel, your kind effort support and help.

一、调研项目简述 a/Research project this

　　1.1调研背景  

1.1 research background  

　　高校毕业生作为人才资源中较高层次的一类，其就业过程是国家高层次人力资源配置最为重要的一个环节,对于建设人力资源强国和创新型国家、着力保障和改善民生、促进教育与经济社会协调发展具有重要意义。20世纪90年代末大学扩招和教育产业化政策实行以来，大学生人数的增长远远超过经济增长所需要的人才增长，高校毕业生就业形势越来越严峻。

College graduates as talent resources of higher level,The employment process is the national high level human resource the most important link,In constructing the country with great manpower resources and an innovative country/To guarantee and improve the livelihood of the people/Promote education and coordinated development of the economy and society has the important meaning.The 1990 s university enrollment expansion and education industrialization policy since the practice,The number of college students' growth far more than economic growth needed talents growth,College graduates employment situation more and more severe.

　　国家为解决大学生就业问题，先后出台了一系列相关政策以鼓励大学生多方式就业，如“岗位拓展计划”、“创业引领计划”、“就业服务与援助计划”等，目前已取得了一定的效果。此外还有部分地区实行了大学生“进农村、下基层”的政策，此方案也在一定程度上减缓了大学生就业的压力，越来越受到大学生的重视。

Countries to solve the problem of university students' employment,Has issued a series of policies to encourage college students multimode employment,if"Post development plan"/"Venture lead plan"/"Employment services and aid plan", etc,At present already has obtained the certain effect.In addition to the parts of college students"Into rural/To descend a basic level"policy,This scheme also to a certain extent, slow down the college students' employment pressure,More and more get the attention of the college students.

　　2012年，我国高校毕业生就业压力依然很大，促进高校毕业生就业任务仍很艰巨。团队在校团委与院团委的领导帮助下，积极响应《国务院关于进一步做好普通高等学校毕业生就业工作的通知》（国发〔2011〕16号），认真学习党的十七届五中全会、全国教育工作会议精神，努力贯彻落实《国家中长期教育改革和发展规划纲要（2010 -2020年）》对高校毕业生就业工作的部署，为进一步创新就业服务方式、完善就业服务措施贡献力量！

In 2012,,The employment of college graduates in China is still great pressure,To promote the employment of college graduates in the task is still arduous.The team with the school school youth corps committee's leadership help,Positive response[The state council about further completes the ordinary high school graduates employment notice](Guo fa [2011] no. 16),Careful study of the fifth plenary session of the 17th/The national education work conference spirit,Efforts to implement the[National medium and long-term education reform and development plan outline(2010 - 2020)]The employment of college graduates to work deployment,For the further innovation employment service mode/To perfect the employment service measures contribution strength!

　　考研、考公务员、下基层也是当今大学生缓解就业压力的几大途径。鉴于当今社会严峻的就业形势，学历是进入很多企业的敲门砖，公务员是所有人眼中的“铁饭碗”，下基层是为了日后更好的就业。因此，调研这些人员对当下就业形式及就业观念转变的亲身感受势在必行。

One's deceased father grind/Take an examination of civil servants/Today's college students to descend a basic level is also alleviate employment pressure a few big way.In view of the severe employment situation in today's society,Record of formal schooling is into many enterprises open sesame,Civil servants is all in the eyes of"Iron rice bowl",To descend a basic level is for future better employment.therefore,Research on these personnel present employment forms and employment to change the experience is imperative.

　　1.2 调研目的  

1.2 Research purpose  

　　了解在校大学生在新时期市场经济下的就业期望、将来的就业方向和对就业方式以及就业观念转变的看法。通过对在校研究生、已就业大学生、公务员等的实地采访，了解不同就业方向的人员对当前就业形势的分析，为未来大学生就业提供帮助。

To understand college students in the new period, the conditions of the market economy of employment expectations/Future employment direction and the way to obtain employment and employment to change the view.Through the college graduate student/Has college students employment/Civil servants and field interview,Understanding the different employment direction of the personnel on the current employment situation analysis,For future college students employment offer help.

　　1.3 调研方法  

1.3 Research method  

　　采用问卷调查、个人采访和实地考察相结合的方式。

Using questionnaire survey/Personal interviews and field investigation with a combination of.

　　1.4 调研安排

1.4 Research arrangement

　　1.5 调研内容

1.5 Research content

　　l 在校大学生及研究生的就业观念及基本情况；

L College students and graduate employment concepts and basic situation;

　　l 已工作人员的就业观念；

L Has been working the obtain employment of personnel of ideas;

　　l 自主创业精英、选聘选调生、公务员的就业观念和基本情况；

L Independent business elite/Hiring XuanDiaoSheng/Civil servants employment concept and basic situation;

　　为了更好地完成本次社会实践活动，我们在前期进行了大量的准备工作，并制订了详细的活动计划。在活动过程中，通过问卷调查、实地采访、实景拍摄等方式，收集大量信息与资料，我们深切体会到党和国家对大学生就业的关心，以及提供的政策帮助，了解到大学生就业观念及就业方式的多样性。

In order to better complete the social practice activities,We have done a lot of early preparations,And made detailed action plan.In the process of the activity,Through the questionnaire survey/Field interview/Live action filming, etc,Collection of a large amount of information and data,We deeply realize the party and state of university students' employment concern,And to provide policy help,To know college students employment concepts and means of obtain employment of diversity.