新京报讯 （记者黄锐）昨日，福布斯中文版发布“中国现代家族企业调查报告”称，A股上市的民营企业中，家族企业占比接近一半。在这些家族企业中，已完成二代接班的仅占7%。

The Beijing news - (Reporter HuangRui)yesterday,Forbes Chinese version released"Modern Chinese family enterprise survey report"says,A-share listed private enterprises,Family enterprises accounted for nearly half than.In these family enterprises,Has completed the second generation generation only to account for 7%.

　　福布斯中文版总编周建工认为，中国上市家族企业未来5到10年可能会迎来二代接班的高峰期，现在交接速度开始加快，家族企业在传承和继任方面面临着巨大挑战。

Forbes Chinese chief editor ZhouJianGong think,Chinese listed family enterprise in the next five to 10 years may see the second generation generation peak,Now start to speed up the transfer speed,Family enterprises in the inheritance and succession aspect is facing the huge challenge.

45家企业二代接任董事长 45 enterprises taking the second generation chairman of the board of directors

　　福布斯此次对家族企业评判标准是，企业所有权或控制权归一个家族所有，或至少有两名及以上的家族成员在参与实际经营管理的企业即为家族企业。

Forbes to the family enterprise evaluation standard is,Enterprise ownership or control to a family all,Or at least two or more members of the family of the participating in the practical operation and management of the enterprise is the family enterprise.

　　报告称，截至2012年7月15日，在2422家A股上市公司中，1394家为民营公司，民企中共有684家为家族企业，占全部民营上市公司的49%。

The report says,By the end of 2012 on July 15,,In 2422 A shares in listed companies,1394 for the private company,Corporation a total of 684 home for family enterprises,Accounted for 49% of all the private listed companies.

　　二代接班情况是此次调查的主要内容。报告显示，A股上市的所有家族企业中，一、二代同时任职的企业有276家，占比超四成；二代已正式接班担任董事长的有45家，在A股上市所有家族企业中占比虽仅有7%，但相比去年的4.6%增长显著。

The second generation generation is the main content of this survey.The report shows that,A share listing of all the family business,a/The second generation office at the same time the enterprise have 276,More than forty percent of super;The second generation has been carry on as chairman of the house have 45,In the a-share listed all the family enterprises accounted for only 7% than though,But compared to last year's 4.6% growth significantly.

家族企业将迎交接班高峰 Family enterprises will meet the handing-over peak

　　福布斯中文版称，中国的民营经济和家族企业目前都处在高速发展期，尽管绝大多数家族企业还处在第一代掌控阶段，一代企业家们不可避免地开始要面对企业传承发展的问题。

Forbes said Chinese version,China's private economy and the family enterprise at present are in high speed development period,Although the vast majority of family enterprise is still in the first generation control stage,Generation entrepreneurs inevitably begin to face the issue of the development of enterprise inheritance.

　　“现在活跃的家族企业主要是1992年之后成气候的，他们的控制人现在还算年富力强，但是在5到10年之后，这些企业可能会迎来交接班的高峰期。”周建工对记者表示。

"Now active family enterprise is mainly 1992 years after the ChengQiHou,Their control people now still calculate the noon of life,But in 5 to 10 years later,The enterprise may see the handing-over peak."ZhouJianGong told reporters.

　H股家族企业二代接班率低 H share family enterprise the second generation generation rate is low

　　报告还指出，由于在港上市的内地家族企业大多较年轻，第二代直系子女也在企业中任职的比例为20.21%，远远低于A股约四成的比例，接班董事长的比例也相对较低，仅有4.4%。

The report also pointed out that,Due to the listing in Hong Kong to the mainland family enterprise mostly younger,The second generation of direct children also in the enterprise in the proportion is 20.21%,Far below A shares about forty percent of the proportion,Carry on the proportion of the chairman of the board is also relatively lower,Only 4.4%.

　　该报告还对182家香港上市的内地家族企业的经营业绩进行了分析，其中，139家管理者为家族成员，另有43家企业选择了职业经理人，管理水平不相上下。

The report also to 182 hong kong-listed mainland family enterprise business performance is analyzed,the,139 managers for family members,Another 43 companies choose the professional managers,Same level management.

　相关 related

　　家族企业榜 新希望居首

Family enterprise's new hope to lead

　　新京报讯 （记者黄锐）福布斯中文版昨日还首次发布了A股最大的100家上市家族企业和H股50家最大的中国内地家族企业两份榜单，新希望和国美电器分别位列两份榜单榜首。

The Beijing news - (Reporter HuangRui)Forbes Chinese version for the first time yesterday released A share of the 100 largest listed family enterprise and H share 50 largest mainland China family business two copies of the list,New hope and gome respectively in the two top the list.

　　刘永好家族掌控的新希望以716亿元的营收位列A股市场上最大的家族企业。此外，还有梁稳根家族的三一重工(600031,股吧)508亿元的营收位列第二，王传福旗下的比亚迪(002594,股吧)汽车以488亿元的营收位列第三。

The hope of LiuYongHao family control with 71.6 billion yuan revenue in the a-share market, the largest family enterprise.In addition,And LiangWenGen family sany(600031,guba)50.8 billion yuan revenue ranked second,WangChuanFu's byd(002594,guba)Cars with 48.8 billion yuan revenue third ruler in the kingdom.

　　而在香港上市的内地家族企业中，黄光裕家族的国美电器以629亿元的营收位居第一，秦志威家族的中国金属再生资源和已由杨惠妍接手的碧桂园分列二三位。

Listed in Hong Kong and mainland family enterprises,Huang guangyu family gome with 62.9 billion yuan revenue in the first,QinZhiWei family China metal renewable resources and already by Yang took on country ErSanWei respectively.

　　榜单上的家族企业多分布在传统产业，以制造业及房地产业居多，对资本密集的能源、IT及公用事业的参与程度十分有限。在H股榜单上，前十名中就有五家房企，但在A股前十名中房企未能占据一席之地。

List family enterprise many distribution in the traditional industry,In manufacturing and real estate industry is in the majority,On capital intensive energy/IT and utility participation is very limited.In the H shares list,There are five in the top ten enterprises room,But in A share top ten Chinese real estate enterprises failed to occupy A place.

分析 analysis

　　“子女不愿接班是最大难题”

"Children don't want to carry on is the biggest problem"

　　在中国，有“富不过三代”之说，而有研究表明，国外也有约70%的家族企业未能传到下一代，88%未能传到第三代，只有3%的家族企业在第四代及以后还在经营。家族企业为何短命？

In China,have"Rich only three generations"say,But studies show,About 70% of the foreign family enterprise fails to spread to the next generation,88% failed to spread to the third generation,Only 3% of the family enterprise in the fourth generation after and still in the business.Family enterprise why short life?

　　福布斯中文版总编周建工告诉记者，一般来说，家族企业传承在世界范围内都是难题，有调查显示国外的家族企业传至下一代后业绩都不如父辈，而中国未来家族企业传承的风险会更大，目前最大的问题就是子女不愿意接班。

Forbes Chinese chief editor ZhouJianGong told reporters,Generally speaking,Family enterprise inheritance worldwide are difficult problem,Research has shown that foreign family enterprise pass to the next generation performance after all not equal to parents,And China's future family enterprise on the risk would be more big,The biggest problem is that children don't want to carry on.

　　周建工称，A股市场上的家族企业多以制造业为主，这在成长环境优越的年轻人看来是又脏又累又苦，如果是个女儿，那接班的意愿就更低了，很多企业创业者们面临无人接班的尴尬。

ZhouJianGong says,A-share market, more than the family enterprise specializing in manufacture,This growth environment is superior in young people seems to be dirty and tired and bitter,If a daughter,That will carry on more low,A lot of enterprise entrepreneurs face no one to take over embarrassed.

　　此外，即便是下一代愿意接手家族企业，在交接中还涉及企业治理结构的理顺，高管团队更新组建，企业精神和文化的传承都是不小的考验。比如对于家族企业最宝贵的财富就是家族精神的延续所带来的企业文化效应与家族品牌树立，但父辈那一代的企业家精神很难继承下来。又比如家族情感因素的掺杂会对企业的规范化产生阻碍，代际相传时尤其要注意家族关系与企业关系的界限。 （黄锐）

In addition,Even if is the next generation of willing to take over the family enterprise,In the transition of enterprise governance structure of straighten out,Executive team update form,The spirit of enterprise and cultural heritage is a lot of test.Like in the family enterprise the most precious wealth is a continuation of the kindred spirits brought about by the enterprise culture effect and family brand set up,But parents the generation of entrepreneurship is difficult to inherited.And such as family emotional factors of doping on the standardization of the enterprise impeded,When generation to generation pay particular attention to family relationship and the limits of enterprise relationship. (HuangRui)