日前，中国企业家调查系统发布了第二十次“企业经营者年度跟踪调查”结果。调查表明，在外需不足、产能过剩等因素的困扰下，目前企业经营处于相对困难的时期。但企业家们对未来持谨慎乐观的态度，预计未来企业生产、订货趋于回暖，价格跌势趋缓，盈利趋于改善，出口增长将温和回升，用工和投资计划保持一定增长。总体来看，企业家预计明年的形势将好于今年四季度。

a,Chinese entrepreneurs survey system released 20 times"Business operators annual tracking survey"The results.Investigation shows that,In the overseas market demand shortage/Excess capacity factors of problems,At present, the enterprise management in a relatively difficult period.But entrepreneurs to future cautiously optimistic,The expected future enterprise production/Order tends to milder,Price declines slowed,Profit tends to improve,Export growth will moderate rebound,Labor and investment plan to maintain a certain growth.overall,Entrepreneurs are expected to next year's situation will be better than the fourth quarter this year.

　　目前停产、半停产企业比重有所提高

Current production/BanTingChan enterprise specific gravity improved

　　调查结果显示，当前企业的综合经营状况明显下滑，主要表现是：企业产销、订货下滑，库存压力加大，产品价格下跌，盈利有所减少。在调查中表示目前企业的综合经营状况“良好”的企业经营者占24.3%，认为“不佳”的占23.4%，好于2009年一季度金融危机爆发时的水平。

According to the results of the survey,The current enterprise comprehensive operating status clearly weakening,Main show is:Enterprise production and marketing/Order down,Inventory pressure increase,Product prices,Profit decreased.In the survey said at present the enterprise comprehensive operating status"good"Enterprise operators accounted for 24.3%,think"Not beautiful"Accounted for 23.4%,Good in the first quarter of 2009 financial crisis outbreak level.

　　调查发现，目前停产、半停产企业比重有所提高。在调查中选择“停产”或“半停产”的企业经营者占23.1%，比2011年上升了5.5个百分点，为近3年来的最高值。

Survey found,Current production/BanTingChan enterprise specific gravity improved.In the investigation of choice"idling"or"BanTingChan"Enterprise operators accounted for 23.1%,A rise of 5.5% over 2011,For the past three years the fastest.

　　在产销量大幅减少的同时，企业库存明显增加。调查结果显示，认为目前企业的产成品库存“高于正常”的企业经营者占25.3%，比2011年上升了5.5个百分点，为近4年的最高值；“正常”的占66.4%，“低于正常”的占8.3%。同时，近半数的企业订货低于正常水平。

In the volume sharply reduce at the same time,Enterprise inventory increased significantly.According to the results of the survey,Think the enterprise manufactured inventory"Above normal"Enterprise operators accounted for 25.3%,A rise of 5.5% over 2011,For nearly four years of high;"normal"Accounted for 66.4%,"Below the normal"Accounted for 8.3%.At the same time,Nearly half of the enterprise order below the normal level.

　　企业销售的大幅下滑和订货的减少意味着目前市场需求的减弱，而需求减弱将导致企业经营者对库存压力感觉强烈，企业因此会强化“去库存化”的行为，从而导致产品销售价格的进一步下跌。

The company sales of a sharp decline and order reduction means that at present the market demand weakened,But demand will lead to weakening of business operators to inventory pressure feel strong,Enterprise will therefore strengthening"To inventory turn"behavior,Leading to product sales price fell further.

　　外需不足、产能过剩等四大问题困扰企业发展

Overseas market demand shortage/Excess capacity and so on four big problems enterprise development

　　在全球经济不景气的大背景下，哪些问题对企业发展的影响和困扰最大？这份调查报告给出了四大主因。

In the global economic recession background,What problem for enterprise development and the influence of the biggest problems?This survey report gives four major reason.

　　首先是外需不足。今年以来，受到全球经济复苏放缓的影响，我国的出口需求明显萎缩。调查结果显示，认为目前外贸出口需求“严重不足”的企业经营者占19.8%，“不足”的占64.2%。今年企业产品出口数量比去年“下降”的占45.7%，“增长”的占28.2%。在出口数量大幅下降的同时，企业产品的出口价格也明显下跌。

The first is insufficient now.Since this year,Affected by global economic recovery effects of the slowing,China's export demand obvious atrophy.According to the results of the survey,Think at present foreign trade export demand"Seriously insufficient"Enterprise operators accounted for 19.8%,"shortage"Accounted for 64.2%.This year the number of enterprise products are exported to more than last year"decline"Accounted for 45.7%,"growth"Accounted for 28.2%.In the export quantity to drop considerably at the same time,Enterprise product export prices also dropped significantly.

　　其次是产能过剩。出口增长的明显回落加剧了我国产能过剩的矛盾。本次调查结果显示，认为本行业产能过剩“非常严重”的企业经营者占12.8%，“比较严重”的占54.3%，“基本不存在”的占32.9%。其中，纺织、服装、造纸、钢铁、汽车和电气机械等行业产能过剩问题突出。

The second is excess capacity.Export growth fell significantly increased the contradiction of excess capacity in China.This survey,The industry that excess capacity"Very serious"Enterprise operators accounted for 12.8%,"More serious"Accounted for 54.3%,"Basic does not exist"Accounted for 32.9%.the,textile/clothing/paper/Iron and steel/Cars and electrical machinery industry excess capacity problems.

　　第三是房地产调控带来的相关问题。房地产调控一定程度上影响了房地产开发投资的增长和销售的回暖，或多或少地波及相关产业，加大了这些相关产业企业的困难。关于未来6个月我国经济将面临的主要问题或风险，超过半数的企业经营者在调查中选择了“房地产调控引发的相关问题”。

The third is to bring the real estate regulation related problem.Real estate regulation and control to a certain extent, affected the growth of investment in real estate development and sales of the milder,More or less affected related industry,Increasing the related industry enterprises difficult.About the future six months China's economy will be the main problem facing or risk,More than half of the business operators under investigation chose"Real estate regulation cause related problems".

　　第四是中小企业融资难问题。虽然今年以来货币政策加大了预调微调的力度，企业资金紧张状况比去年略有缓解，但是中小企业的资金紧张状况仍然比较严重。在调查中认为目前企业资金“紧张”的企业经营者占42.8%，比2011年下降了5.5个百分点；“正常”的占50.6%，“宽裕”的仅占6.6%。

The fourth is small and medium-sized enterprise financing difficult problem.Although since this year monetary policy increased the preset fine-tune the strength,Enterprise financial strain condition slightly ease than last year,But the small and medium-sized enterprise's financial strain situation is still serious.Under investigation think at present the enterprise capital"nervous"Enterprise operators accounted for 42.8%,More than 2011 fell 5.5%;"normal"Accounted for 50.6%,"bounteous"Only to account for 6.6%.

　　企业家对明年的预计比今年四季度乐观

Entrepreneurs next year than this year is expected to fourth quarter optimistic

　　信心比黄金重要。在这项调查中，企业家表现出谨慎乐观的心态，对明年的预计比今年四季度乐观。虽然基于当前的宏观背景，房地产开发投资和制造业投资增长回升的幅度不会太大，出口受国际环境不确定性较大的影响，也难以出现大幅度的回升，而消费增长总体来说是平稳的趋势，因此企业经营者预计经济回暖的过程会比较长。

Confidence is an important than gold.In the survey,Entrepreneurs show cautious optimism,Next year than this year is expected to fourth quarter optimistic.Although based on current macro background,Investment in real estate development and manufacturing investment growth picks up the amplitude is not too large,Export by international environment uncertainty great influence,Also are hard to show a substantial rebound,And consumption growth in general is smooth trend,So the enterprise operator expected economic warms up in the process will be longer.

　　调查结果显示，预计明年经营状况“好转”的企业经营者占39.2%，预计“不变”的占46.2%，预计“恶化”的占14.6%；预计“好转”的比“恶化”的多24.6个百分点，这一数据为近4年来的最低值，但比对四季度的预计高了11.4个百分点。

According to the results of the survey,Next year is expected to operating conditions"better"Enterprise operators accounted for 39.2%,Is expected to"constant"Accounted for 46.2%,Is expected to"deterioration"Accounted for 14.6%;Is expected to"better"than"deterioration"More than 24.6%,The data for nearly four years of minimum value,But four quarter than the expected high 11.4%.

　　从不同地区看，中西部地区企业预计“好转”的比“恶化”的多近30个百分点，高于东部地区；从不同规模看，中型企业对明年更为乐观；从不同经济类型看，民营企业相对乐观；从不同行业看，对明年预计较为乐观的行业有农林牧渔业、采矿业、电力热力燃气及水的生产和供应业、信息传输软件和信息技术服务业及房地产业。

From different areas to see,The Midwest is expected to enterprise"better"than"deterioration"Nearly 30% more,Higher than the eastern region;See from different scale,Medium-sized enterprise is more optimistic about next year;From the different economic type look,Private enterprises are relatively optimistic;Never look the same,For next year is expected to have more optimistic industry, animal husbandry and fishery/mining/Power thermal gas and water production and supply industry/Information transmission software and information technology services and real estate industry.

　　企业家们在调查中还建言政府进一步深化改革，鼓励和推动企业升级，为企业发展创造良好环境。

Entrepreneurs in the survey also advise the government to further deepen the reform,To encourage and promote enterprise upgrade,For enterprise development to create a good environment.

　　对于“促进我国消费、加快增长的主要途径”，企业家选择比重最高且明显高于其它选项的3个选择依次是“完善社会保障体系”、“对企业和个人减税”和“打破国企垄断，促进民营企业发展”。关于“为实现稳增长目标，政府引导的投资应着力的领域”，企业家选择比重最高的是“产业调整、升级”、“战略性新兴产业”和“生态环境治理”，而选择“制造业投资”的比重相对较低。（记者　朱剑红）

for"Promote consumption/The main way to speed up the growth",Entrepreneurs choose the highest proportion and is obviously higher than that of the other option 3 choice is in turn"Perfect social security system"/"Tax cuts for businesses and individuals"and"Break monopoly state-owned enterprises,To promote the development of private enterprise".about"To achieve steady growth target,The government should be put forth effort to guide investment fields",Entrepreneurs choose the specific gravity is the highest"Industrial adjustment/upgrade"/"Strategic emerging industry"and"Ecological environment management",choose"Manufacturing investment"The proportion of relatively low.(Reporter ZhuJianGong)