2013年5月24日，国家能源局召集国内主要煤炭企业，座谈讨论《商品煤质量管理暂行办法征求意见稿》。据了解，《征求意见稿》对炼焦煤、动力煤等商品煤质量、远距离运输和进口动力用商品煤，以及煤炭进口企业资格等提出了更为明确的标准。

On May 24, 2013,National energy bureau called domestic main coal enterprises,Panel discussion[Coal quality management interim measures for the draft].We have learned,[draft]The coking coal/Thermal coal quality commodities such as coal/Long distance transportation and import coal power with goods,And coal imports enterprises put forward more specific such as the qualification criteria.

　　“我国进口动力煤在整体煤炭需求市场占的比重并不是很大。另外，以目前电力企业使用状况来看，并不是低卡煤就有很大的环境影响，采购进口低卡动力煤，主要用作配煤使用。”金银岛煤炭资讯分析师戴兵对记者表示。“此次制定该暂行办法的目的在于规范商品煤质量管理和流通秩序，提高商品煤质量，促进煤炭清洁利用。”

"China's imports of thermal coal in the overall demand for the market share is not very great.In addition,At the current electric power enterprise to use conditions,Not low calorie coal has great impact on the environment,Purchase thermal coal imports low CARDS,Mainly used for coal blending is used."Treasure island coal information analysts Dai Bing told reporters."The determining its interim measures to regulate commodity coal quality management and distribution order,Improve the quality of coal products,Promote clean coal utilization."

　　限制低质煤

Limit inferior coal

　　戴兵认为，《商品煤质量管理暂行办法》是对煤炭标准产品的一个完善，如果《商品煤质量管理暂行办法》按目前内容颁布，动力煤品质将有一定的提高。

Dai Bing think,[Coal quality management interim measures]Is for a perfect standard of coal products,if[Coal quality management interim measures]According to the current content,Thermal coal quality will be improved.

　　记者在采访中国煤炭加工利用协会相关专家时获悉，在国家节能减排要求的大背景下，现有动力煤用煤标准已经落后于经济发展的需要。有关部门虽已制定多个用煤标准，但这些标准大多只是指导性、推荐性的，不具有强制约束力。

Reporter when the interview with the China association of coal processing and utilization of relevant experts,In the backdrop of the national energy conservation and emissions reduction requirements,Existing thermal coal, coal standard has fallen behind the needs of economic development.Authorities has been to develop multiple standard coal,But most of these standards is indicative/The recommended,Do not have mandatory binding.

　　由于用煤标准的滞后，且这些标准大多只是指导性的，不强制执行，至今做不到为不同用煤设备供应性质不同的、可满足设计要求的动力煤产品。

Due to the lag of standard coal,And most of these standards is the guidance,Don't enforce,Still can't do for different properties of different coal equipment supplies/Can meet the design requirements of steam coal products.

　　为用户供应0—50mm的原散煤，一直是我国煤炭的供应方式。因此，许多企业仍在使用原煤，而不愿意使用经过洗选调质的优质动力煤，因而造成严重的燃煤污染、用煤设备的加速磨损和大量运力的浪费，各行业用煤标准已经不适应节能减排的要求。

For the user to supply 0-50 mm original coal,Has been the supply of coal in our country.so,Many companies are still in the use of raw coal,And don't want to use after washing XuanDiao high-quality steam coal,And thus cause serious coal-burning pollution/Accelerate coal equipment wear and waste a large amount of capacity,Standards for coal in all industries has not adapt to the requirement of energy conservation and emissions reduction.

　　根据记者得到的《征求意见稿》显示，暂行办法按炼焦煤、动力煤和其他煤种划分，分别制订了商品煤质量的具体标准。规定远距离运输和进口动力用商品煤应当符合的条件，即全硫分不大于1%，灰分不大于25%，发热量不小于19MJ/kg。

According to the reporter[draft]According to,Interim measures in accordance with the coking coal/Thermal coal, and other types of classification,The specific standard of coal quality, respectively.Long-distance transport and import power with commodity coal shall meet the conditions,The total sulfur content is greater than 1%,Ash content is not more than 25%,Heat is not less than 19 mj/kg.

　　《征求意见稿》对低质煤炭的利用进行了特别规定，要求灰分大于25%的商品煤应通过高效环保技术就地利用，全硫分大于3%的高硫煤优先用于装有高效脱硫及硫资源回收装置的电力和化工转化企业。商品煤利用企业应按照与设备设计用煤质量要求基本一致的原则采购和利用煤炭产品，并实现达标排放。用煤设备的设计和制造应该符合相关用煤比重，设备出厂时附带用煤质量要求。

[draft]Using the special provisions of low-quality coal,Ash content more than 25% of commodity coal should be through in situ using efficient environmental protection technology,Total sulfur content more than 3% of high sulphur coal used in electric power with high efficiency desulfurization and sulfur resources recycling equipment and chemical transformation of enterprise.Commodity coal utilization enterprises shall, in accordance with requirements of the design and equipment of coal quality consistent procurement and use of the principle of coal products,And implement the standards.Coal equipment should comply with relevant to design and manufacture of coal proportion,Equipment factory along with coal quality requirements.

　　《征求意见稿》还重点提出对于灰份大于25%的商品煤长距离运输销售的，责令停止销售，有质监部门没收违法所得，并处违法所得一倍以上五倍以下罚款;未停止销售的，取消煤炭经营资格证。

[draft]Also highlighted the coal transport over long distances to fall more than 25% of goods sold,Shall be ordered to stop selling,There are qualitative inspect branch to confiscate the illegal income,Imposed a fine less than one time but not more than five times the illegal income;Not to stop selling,Cancel the coal management qualification.

　　同时，《征求意见稿》还提出了煤炭生产、加工、储运和销售企业均应制定必要的商品煤质量管理制度，建立煤炭质量档案。

At the same time,[draft]Also put forward the coal production/processing/Storage and transportation and selling enterprise shall make necessary commodity coal quality management system,Establish the archives on coal quality.

　　此外，《征求意见稿》还规定了煤炭进口企业应当符合注册资本金在5000万元以上，近三年煤炭贸易量在100万吨以上，有固定的经营场所，有与进口规模相适应的设施和储煤场所等要求。

In addition,[draft]Also provides the coal import enterprises should conform to the registered capital of 50 million yuan of above,More than 1 million tons of coal trade in nearly three years,A fixed operational site,With corresponding to the scale of imported facilities and space for coal storage requirements.

　　对此，中国煤炭工业协会副会长姜智敏表示，暂行办法的制订既对进口煤的质量实行了严格管理，同时又对国内煤的生产、加工、储运和销售以及使用提出了高标准、严要求，对以后规范商品煤的质量管理和加强进口动力煤是一个很好的约束。

For this,Vice President of China coal industry association Jiang Zhimin said,Interim measures for both implemented strict management in the quality of imported coal,And for domestic production of the coal at the same time/processing/Storage and transportation and sale, and use high standards are put forward/weiwei,To the following specification of commodity coal quality management and strengthen the imports of thermal coal, is a very good constraint.

　　印尼煤进口受影响最大

Indonesia's coal imports most affected

　　“从《征求意见稿》中发热量的指标上面可以看出，主要是限制发热量小于4500大卡以下的动力煤进口，而这种低卡煤很多都来自印尼，主要以褐煤为主，属于劣质煤，发热量小、硫分高。但因为价格较低，国内电企愿意采购，将其与国内优质煤掺混使用。”戴兵解释说。

"From the[draft]Calorific value of the index above can be seen,Mainly limits under the calorific value is less than 4500 calories of thermal coal imports,And this many low-calorie coal from Indonesia,Mainly composed of lignite,Belong to the inferior coal,Calorific value is small/High sulfur content.But because the price is low,Domestic electricity providers are willing to purchase,With the mixed use of domestic high-quality coal."Dai Bing explains.

　　在国内煤炭需求不振的情况下，进口煤对国内煤炭市场的冲击已成煤炭价格不断下跌的原因之一。海关总署数据显示，今年前4个月我国进口煤达1.1亿吨，同比增长25.6%。

In the case of weak domestic demand for coal,Imported coal impact to domestic coal market is one of the reasons for falling coal prices.The general administration of customs data show,The first four months of the year in China imported 110 million tons of coal,Up 25.6% from a year earlier.

　　据业内人士介绍，近年来，东南亚一些国家的低质煤炭大量进入我国市场，这些煤炭进口价格相对便宜，对前几年效益低下的火电企业具有很强的吸引力。此次暂行办法规定，未经口岸检验检疫机构检验或者质量不符合要求的煤炭不准进口。

According to the personage inside course of study,In recent years,Some southeast Asian countries, low-quality coal pile into the market,These coal import prices are relatively cheap,For a few years ago low benefit of thermal power enterprise has a strong appeal.The provisional measures,Without the port inspection and quarantine agencies or quality does not conform to the requirements of coal are not allowed to be imported.

　　有行业分析人士认为，限制低质煤炭的进口和使用，对目前供给大于需求的煤炭市场将起到一定的平衡作用，低质煤炭的价格将受到进一步打压，而大量进口煤的“限入”，也将对国内供应有一定程度的抑制。

There are industry analysts believe,Limits the import of low-quality coal and use,On the current coal market supply greater than demand play a balancing role,Low-quality coal price will be subject to further to crack down on,And a large number of imported coal"Limit the",Will also have a certain degree of inhibition on domestic supply.

　　据了解，我国已连续四年成为煤炭净进口国，过去的3年我国年褐煤(高硫低卡煤的代表)进口量增长9倍以上，目前占全球贸易量的比重接近95%以上。

We have learned,Our country has become a net importer of coal for four consecutive years,In the past 3 years in lignite in China(The representative of the high sulfur coal low card)Imports growth more than 9 times,Now account for close to 95% more than the proportion of global trade.

　　其中2012年我国共进口褐煤5369万吨，其中从印尼进口总量为5009万吨，占比达到93.29%。而2013年1-3月份，我国共进口褐煤1584万吨，从印尼进口总量为1556万吨，占比达到98.23%。

In 2012 our country has imported 53.69 million tons of coal,Which is imported from Indonesia volume of 50.09 million tons,Accounted for 93.29%.In 2013, 1-3 months,China's total imports 15.84 million tons of lignite,Total of 15.56 million tons of imports from Indonesia,Accounted for 98.23%.

　　我国进口印尼煤主要集中在华南、华东地区，企业采购印尼煤主要做配煤来用，因其煤质低、煤价低，相对于国内低卡动力煤更具成本优势，非常受沿海火电企业的青睐，进口量也逐年攀升。如果此次国家能源局对高灰、高硫、低卡煤的限制政策得以实施的话，那无疑受影响最大的将是我国做印尼煤进口贸易的公司。

China's imports of Indonesian coal mainly concentrated in southern China/East China area,Coal enterprise procurement in Indonesia mainly for the coal,Because of its low coal/Prices low,Low relative to domestic card thermal coal more cost advantage,Very popular with the coastal thermal power enterprises,Imports are also rise year by year.If the national energy administration of high ash/High sulphur/Low limit card coal policy being carried out,That there is no doubt that the biggest impact will be do Indonesia coal import trade company in China.

　　“印尼煤虽然具有价格优势，如果此举政策出台，必将引起市场巨大的反应，不排除短期内市场炒高印尼存煤的可能。” 戴兵认为。

"Although Indonesia coal has a price advantage,If that policy,Will cause huge market reaction,Do not rule out short-term market fry high Indonesia coal may be." Dai Bing think.

　　限制进口无助煤企走出困境

Restrict imports helpless coal out of the woods

　　“劣质煤燃烧时产生的二氧化硫等污染物较多，会增加污染治理的难度。从保护环境的角度而言，提高进口煤炭的质量是可以的。”国家安监总局煤炭信息研究院院长黄盛初表示。

"Inferior coal combustion to produce more pollutants such as sulfur dioxide,Will increase the difficulty of the pollution control.From the perspective of protecting the environment,It's possible to improve the quality of imported coal."At the beginning of the state administration of work safety information of coal dean Huang Cheng said.

　　但戴兵则认为，禁止进口劣质煤并不能解决污染问题，电力企业目前环保设施已经相当完备，燃烧低卡煤的环境污染并不会比5000卡热值动力煤大多少。

But Dai Bingze think,Banned the import of inferior coal and can't solve the problem of pollution,The electric power enterprise is a complete environmental protection facilities at present,Low calorie coal burning pollution of the environment will not be a card steam coal heating value how much larger than in 5000.

　　“这个方案主要是针对动力煤，并没有提到炼焦煤，而恰恰好多进口炼焦煤属于高硫煤，国内企业有时进口后当动力煤使用，而且对于远距离运输也没有明确界定” 知名煤炭专家黄腾对记者表示。

"This scheme mainly for thermal coal,And made no mention of coking coal,Just a lot of imports of coking coal belong to high sulphur coal,Domestic companies sometimes when thermal coal, used after import,And for long distance transportation also not clearly defined" Well-known coal expert huang teng told reporters.

　　但是记者也从其他渠道了解到，国家能源局的这个方案遭到褐煤生产和进口量最多的神华集团和主要煤炭进口商们的反对，方案能否出台难以预料。即使得以落实，也只会起到短期提高煤价的作用，无助于煤企走出困境。

But the reporter also learned from other channels,National energy administration of the plan by lignite production and imports most of the shenhua group and main coal importers,Scheme can come hard to predict.Even if be implemented,Will have the effect of short-term increase prices,To coal enterprise out of the woods.

　　据了解，自2005年以来，我国分步骤地对煤炭进口关税进行了一系列调整，但并未对进口煤的质量设置标准，这也导致了相当大一部分低热值、高硫分、高污染的低品质煤涌入中国市场，有一部分煤甚至是已经被出口国淘汰了的煤种。

We have learned,Since 2005,Our points of coal import tariffs in a series of steps to adjust,But did not set the standard in the quality of imported coal,This also led to a substantial proportion of low calorific value/High sulfur content/High pollution and low quality coal into the Chinese market,Even part of the coal has been eliminated by the exporter of coal.

　　“目前进口煤虽然有所增加，但在国内煤炭产量和销量中的比重不高，对国内煤炭市场形成的冲击有限。国内煤炭产业面临的供需失衡问题，关键在于自身产能释放过快。”戴兵认为。

"At present although coal imports increased,But in the domestic coal production and sales of the proportion is not high,The impact on the domestic coal market co., LTD.Facing the imbalance between supply and demand of domestic coal industry,Key lies in its capacity to release too quickly."Dai Bing think.